Chemical Reactions. G.10 Science Chemistry Shaftesbury High School

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1 G.10 Science Chemistry Chemical Reactions 2240 Grant Avenue Winnipeg, Manitoba R3P 0P7 Phone: Fax:

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5 G.10 Science WHMIS and MSDS Reading the MSDS for Copper (II) Sulfate 1. What is another name for copper (II) sulphate? 2. Write the chemical formula for the compound. 3. What is the telephone number for 24 hour emergency service? 4. Circle the WHMIS symbol below that is appropriate to describe the effects of ingestion of this chemical. Reading the MSDS for Methyl Alcohol 1. What is a synonym for methyl alcohol? 2. How and where should the product be stored? 3. What are the target organs for repeated exposure? 4. Circle the WHMIS symbol below that appropriately matches the following statement found in Section IV of the MSDS for methyl alcohol. vapours formed from this product are heavier than air and may travel along the ground to a distant source of ignition and flash back instantly Reading the MSDS for Lithium Nitrate 1. Describe the appearance of this chemical. 2. Write the chemical formula for the compound. 3. Which substances are incompatible with this lithium nitride? 4. Circle the WHMIS symbol below that is appropriate to describe what happens when this chemical is combined with water.

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7 G.10 Science Balancing Equations Balancing Chemical Reactions Step 1: Step 2: Step 3: Balance the following equation. Mg + O 2 MgO Tips on Balancing Equations FeCl 3 + CuS Fe 2 S 3 + CuCl 2 Tips on Balancing Equations C 3 H 8 + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O Tips on Balancing Equations Mg(NO 3 ) 2 + K 3 PO 4 Mg 3 (PO 4 ) 2 + KNO 3

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9 G.10 Science Balancing Equations Worksheet Balance the equations below: 1) N 2 + H 2 NH 3 2) KClO 3 KCl + O 2 3) NaCl + F 2 NaF + Cl 2 4) H 2 + O 2 H 2 O 5) Pb(OH) 2 + HCl H 2 O + PbCl 2 6) AlBr 3 + K 2 SO 4 KBr + Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 7) CH 4 + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O 8) C 3 H 8 + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O 9) C 8 H 18 + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O 10) FeCl 3 + NaOH Fe(OH) 3 + NaCl 11) P + O 2 P 2 O 5 12) Na + H 2 O NaOH + H 2 13) Ag 2 O Ag + O 2 14) S 8 + O 2 SO 3 15) CO 2 + H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 16) K + MgBr KBr + Mg 17) HCl + CaCO 3 CaCl 2 + H 2 O + CO 2 18) HNO 3 + NaHCO 3 NaNO 3 + H 2 O + CO 2 19) H 2 O + O 2 H 2 O 2 20) NaBr + CaF 2 NaF + CaBr 2 21) H 2 SO 4 + NaNO 2 HNO 2 + Na 2 SO 4

10 G.10 Science Balancing Equations Worksheet 2 Balance these equations! 1) AlBr 3 + K KBr + Al 2) FeO + PdF 2 FeF 2 + PdO 3) P 4 + Br 2 PBr 3 4) LiCl + Br 2 LiBr + Cl 2 5) PbBr 2 + HCl HBr + PbCl 2 6) CoBr 3 + CaSO 4 CaBr 2 + Co 2 (SO 4 ) 3 7) Na 3 P + CaF 2 NaF + Ca 3 P 2 8) Mn + HI H 2 + MnI 3 9) Li 3 PO 4 + NaBr Na 3 PO 4 + LiBr 10) CaF 2 + Li 2 SO 4 CaSO 4 + LiF 11) HBr + Mg(OH) 2 MgBr 2 + H 2 O 12) LiNO 3 + CaBr 2 Ca(NO 3 ) 2 + LiBr 13) AgNO 3 + Li LiNO 3 + Ag 14) Si(OH) 4 + NaBr SiBr 4 + NaOH 15) NaCN + CuCO 3 Na 2 CO 3 + Cu(CN) 2

11 G.10 Science Types of Equations Types of Chemical Reactions There are 5 types of chemical reactions that you will have to know: Synthesis Reactions Generally: _ + Looks like this: + The formula that represents a synthesis reaction is: 1. 2Na + Cl 2 2NaCl 2. HCl + NaOH NaCl + H 2 O 3. 2Mg + O MgO 4. 4Cu + O 2 2Cu 2 O 5. 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2

12 G.10 Science Types of Equations 2. Decomposition Reaction Generally: + _ Looks like this: + The formula that represents a decomposition reaction is: 1. 2Na + Cl 2 2NaCl 2. 2NO 2 2O 2 + N 2 3. CaCO 3 CaO + CO Cu + O 2 2Cu 2 O 5. 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 Explain how the egg and the turtle represent a decomposition reaction.

13 G.10 Science Types of Equations 3. Single Replacement Reaction Generally: + + Looks like this: + + The formula that represents a single replacement reaction is: 1. 2Na + Cl 2 2NaCl 2. AgNO + Cu CuNO + Ag 3. 2Mg + O MgO 4. Cu + HNO 3 Cu(NO 3 ) 2 + H 2 5. Zn + 2HCl ZnCl 2 + H 2 Explain how the girl dancer switching partners represent a single replacement reaction.

14 G.10 Science Types of Equations 4. Double Replacement Reaction Generally: + + Looks like this: + + The formula that represents a double replacement reaction is: 1. Zn + 2HCl ZnCl 2 + H 2 2. LiNO 3 + NaOH LiOH + NaNO KCl + MgO MgCl 2 + K 2 O 4. Mg + S MgS 5. 2H 2 O 2 2H 2 O + O 2 Explain how the picture above represents a double replacement reaction.

15 G.10 Science Types of Equations 5. Combustion Reaction The formula for a combustion reaction is: O 3 O. + O 2 2. LiNO 3 + NaOH LiOH + NaNO 3 3. CH 4 + 2O 2 CO 2 + 2H 2 O 4. Mg + S MgS 5. 2KI + Br 2 2KBr + I Summary Synthesis: Decomposition: Single Replacement: Double Replacement: Combustion:

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17 G.10 Science Types of Chemical Reactions WS State whether each of the following equations represents a synthesis, decomposition, single replacement, 1) CO 2 C + O 2 2) NaCl + AgNO 3 NaNO 3 + AgCl 3) S + Cl 2 SCl 2 4) BaCl 2 + 2NaOH 2NaCl + Ba(OH) 2 5) Zn + CuSO 4 ZnSO 4 + Cu 6) CH 4 C + 2H 2 7) Pb(NO 3 ) 2 + Mg Pb + Mg(NO 3 ) 2 8) Mg + 2HCl MgCl2 + H 2 9) H 2 SO 4 H 2 + S + 2O 2 10) 3CaBr 2 + 2Na 3 P Ca 3 P 2 + 6NaBr 11) 2O 2 + N 2 N 2 O 4 12) 2KI + Br 2 2KBr + I 2 13) C 6 H 12 O 6 6C + 6H 2 O 14) 2NaF 2Na 2 + F 2 15) Si + O 2 SiO 2 16) 2NaI + Pb(NO 3 ) 2 2NaNO 3 + PbI 2 17) NaI + Cs CsI + Na 18) H 2 + CO + O 2 H 2 CO 3 19) Li 3 PO 4 3Li + P + 2O 2 20) CS 2 + 2F 2 CF 4 + 2S

18 G.10 Science Types of Reactions & Balancing WS 1) NaBr + Ca(OH) 2 CaBr 2 + NaOH Type of reaction: 2) NH 3 + H 2 SO 4 (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 Type of reaction: 3) C 5 H 9 O + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O Type of reaction: 4) Pb + H 3 PO 4 H 2 + Pb 3 (PO 4 ) 2 Type of reaction: 5) Li 3 N + NH 4 NO 3 LiNO 3 + (NH 4 ) 3 N Type of reaction: 6) HBr + Al(OH) 3 H 2 O + AlBr 3 Type of reaction: 7) Combustion reactions always result in the formation of water. What other types of chemical reaction may result in the formation of water? Write examples of these reactions below.

19 G.10 Science Chemical Reactions Review After working on this worksheet, you should be able to do the following: 1) Given an equation, you should be able to tell what kind of reaction it is. 2) Predict the products of a reaction when given the reactants. Section 1: Identify the type of reaction For the following reactions, indicate whether the following are examples of synthesis, decomposition, combustion, single displacement, double displacement, or acid-base reactions: 1) Na 3 PO 4 + 3KOH 3NaOH + K 3 PO 4 2) MgCl 2 + Li 2 CO 3 MgCO 3 + 2LiCl 3) C 6 H O 2 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O 4) Pb + FeSO 4 PbSO 4 + Fe 5) CaCO 3 CaO + CO 2 6) P 4 + 3O 2 2P 2 O 3 7) 2RbNO 3 + BeF 2 Be(NO 3 ) 2 + 2RbF 8) 2AgNO 3 + Cu Cu(NO 3 ) 2 + 2Ag 9) C 3 H 6 O + 4O 2 3CO 2 + 3H 2 O 10) 2C 5 H 5 + Fe Fe(C 5 H 5 ) 2 11) SeCl 6 + O 2 SeO 2 + 3Cl 2 12) 2MgI 2 + Mn(SO 3 ) 2 2MgSO 3 + MnI 4 13) O 3 O. + O 2 14) 2NO 2 2O 2 + N 2

20 G.10 Science Chemical Reactions Review Section 2: Practicing equation balancing Before you can write a balanced equation for a problem which asks you to predict the products of a reaction, you need to know how to balance an equation. Because some of you may not fully remember how to balance an equation, here are some practice problems: 1) C 6 H 6 + O 2 H 2 O + CO 2 2) NaI + Pb(SO 4 ) 2 PbI 4 + Na 2 SO 4 3) NH 3 + O 2 NO + H 2 O 4) Fe(OH) 3 Fe 2 O 3 + H 2 O 5) HNO 3 + Mg(OH) 2 H 2 O + Mg(NO 3 ) 2 6) H 3 PO 4 + NaBr HBr + Na 3 PO 4 7) C + H 2 C 3 H 8 8) CaO + MnI 4 MnO 2 + CaI 2 9) Fe 2 O 3 + H 2 O Fe(OH) 3 10) C 2 H 2 + H 2 C 2 H 6 11) VF 5 + HI V 2 I 10 + HF 12) OsO 4 + PtCl 4 PtO 2 + OsCl 8 13) CF 4 + Br 2 CBr 4 + F 2 14) Hg 2 I 2 + O 2 Hg 2 O + I 2 15) Y(NO 3 ) 2 + GaPO 4 YPO 4 + Ga(NO 3 ) 2

21 G.10 Science Chemical Reactions Review Section 3: Predicting the products of chemical reactions Predict the products of the following reactions: 1) Ag + CuSO 4 2) NaI + CaCl 2 3) O 2 + H 2 4) HNO 3 + Mn(OH) 2 5) AgNO 2 + BaSO 4 6) HCN + CuSO 4 7) H 2 O + AgI 8) HNO 3 + Fe(OH) 3 9) LiBr + Co(SO 3 ) 2 10) LiNO 3 + Ag 11) N 2 + O 2 12) H 2 CO 3 13) AlCl 3 + Cs 14) Al(NO 3 ) 3 + Ga 15) H 2 SO 4 + NH 4 OH 16) CH 3 COOH + O 2 17) C 4 H 8 + O 2 18) KCl + Mg(OH) 2 19) Zn + Au(NO 2 ) 2 20) KOH + H 2 SO 4 21) BaS + PtCl 2 22) Na 2 O Type: Type: Type: Type: Type: Type: Type: Type: Type: Type: Type: Type: Type: Type: Type: Type: Type: Type: Type: Type: Type: Type:

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23 G.10 Science Types of Reactions Lab Station 1 Sizzling Pink Liquid Predict the products and write the balanced chemical equation given the following information. Solid Lithium reacts with Water in a Single Replacement Reaction Directions 1. Wear your safety goggles. 2. Make sure the safety shield is between your face and the chemicals you are mixing. 3. Do not touch the lithium with your fingers. Handle it with a scapula. 4. Completely fill a beaker with tap water and add 4 drops of phenolphthalein indicator. Stir with a glass rod. 5. Carefully transfer 1 piece of lithium metal to the water. Record your observations of the products below. Observations Clean Up 1. Rinse the solution down the drain with lots of water. 2. Clean up any spills and throw away used paper towel. 3. Leave the station clean for the next group. Station 2 Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide Predict the products and write the balanced chemical equation given the following information. Hydrogen Peroxide decomposes and gives off Oxygen after adding solid Black Manganese Dioxide Powder Hint: The chemical formula for Manganese Dioxide will not appear in the balanced chemical reaction. It only speeds up the reaction and is not used. Directions 1. Wear your safety goggles. 2. Pour 15mL of hydrogen peroxide into a clean dry beaker. 3. Prepare a scupula with a fingernail size of black manganese dioxide powder. 4. Have your partner light the burner and ignite the wood splint. 5. Shut off the burner and blow out the splint to obtain glowing embers. 6. Add the black manganese dioxide powder to the 15mL of hydrogen peroxide. 7. Immediately insert the glowing splint into the gas above the liquid. Observe. What does this prove is produced? 8. Record your observations of the products below. Observations

24 Clean Up 1. Rinse the solution down the funnel into the nearest sink with lots of water. 2. Clean up any spills and throw away used paper towel. 3. Put the cap back on the chemicals. 4. Leave the station clean for the next group. 5. Don t play with the flint striker! You ll wear out the flint. Station 3 Burning Hexanol (C 6 H 13 OH) Predict the products and write the balanced chemical equation given the following information. Hexanol (C 6 H 13 OH) burns in the presence of Oxygen Directions 1. Wear your safety goggles over your eyes. 2. Dispense two droppers full of liquid into the watch glass. 3. Light a burner. 4. Ignite a wood splint in the burner flame. 5. Shut off the burner. 6. Light the liquid on fire using the flaming wood splint. Immediately blow out the splint so that it can be reused. 7. Observe the liquid until it has completely reacted. 8. Record your observations below. Observations Clean Up 1. Throw away used splints only if they are too short to be reused. 2. Leave the station tidy for the next group. 3. Don t play with the flint striker! Station 4 Making a Blue Solid called a Precipitate Predict the products and write the balanced chemical equations given the following information. Aqueous Cobalt (II) Sulfate is combined with Aqueous Sodium Hydroxide Directions 1. Wear your safety over your eyes. 2. Place 2 to 4 drops of Cobalt (II) Sulfate into a clean, dry watch glass. 3. Add 2 to 4 drops of Sodium Hydroxide. Swirl carefully to mix. 4. Record your observations of the products below. Observations

25 Clean Up 1. Rinse the solution down the sink with lots of water. 2. Wipe up the watch glass clean with paper towel. 3. Throw the paper towel into the nearest garbage can. 4. Put the caps on both solutions. 5. Leave the station clean for the next group. Station 5 Magnesium Burns? Predict the products and write the balanced chemical equation given the following information. Solid Magnesium reacts with Oxygen to form a white powder Directions 1. Wear your safety goggles over your eyes. 2. Hold the piece of Magnesium with a pair of crucible tongs. 3. Light a burner. 4. Place the piece of Magnesium into the blue part of the burner flame until the Magnesium ignites. Do not stare directly at the burning Magnesium. 5. Record your observations of the products below. 6. Don t play with the flint striker! Observations Clean Up 1. Wipe the powder of the crucible tongs and the counter with a piece of paper towel. 2. Discard any bits of Magnesium ribbon into the nearest garbage can. 3. Throw the paper towel into the nearest garbage can. Balanced Chemical Equations Record the balanced chemical equations, including phase subscripts for each of the 5 chemical reactions. Station 1: Station 2: Station 3: Station 4: Station 5: