Funsheet 3.0 [WRITING & BALANCING EQUATIONS] Gu/R. 2017

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1 Funsheet 3.0 [WRITING & BALANCING EQUATIONS] Gu/R Balance the following chemical equations. Remember, it is not necessary to write "1" if the coefficient is one. 1. N 2 + H 2 NH 3 2. KClO 3 KCl + O 2 3. NaCl + F 2 NaF + Cl 2 4. H 2 + O 2 H 2 O 5. AgNO 3 + MgCl 2 AgCl + Mg(NO 3 ) 2 6. AlBr 3 + K 2 SO 4 KBr + Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 7. C 3 H 8 + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O 8. C 8 H 18 + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O 9. FeCl 3 + NaOH Fe(OH) 3 + NaCl 10. P + O 2 P 2 O Na + H 2 O NaOH + H Ag 2 O Ag + O S 8 + O 2 SO CO 2 + H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + O K + MgBr 2 KBr + Mg 16. HCl + CaCO 3 CaCl 2 + H 2 O + CO Al 2 O 3 + Ca CaO + Al 18. Ca 3 P 2 + FeCl 3 CaCl 2 + FeP

2 Funsheet 3.0 [WRITING & BALANCING EQUATIONS] Gu/R Write the word equation below as chemical equations and balance. 1. zinc + lead (ll) nitrate yield zinc nitrate + lead 2. aluminum bromide + chlorine yield aluminum chloride + bromine 3. sodium phosphate + calcium chloride yield calcium phosphate + sodium chloride 4. potassium chlorate when heated yields potassium chloride + oxygen gas 5. aluminum + hydrochloric acid yield aluminum chloride + hydrogen gas 6. calcium hydroxide + phosphoric acid yield calcium phosphate + water 7. copper + sulfuric acid yield copper (ll) sulfate + water + sulfur dioxide 8. hydrogen + nitrogen monoxide yield water + nitrogen

3 Funsheet 3.0 [WRITING & BALANCING EQUATIONS] Gu/R Magnesium reacts with iron (III) oxide (rust) to produce magnesium oxide and iron metal. 10. Iron (III) chloride reacts with potassium sulphide to produce iron (III) sulfide and potassium chloride. 11. Hydrochloric acid is neutralized by magnesium hydroxide to produce water and magnesium chloride.

4 Funsheet 3.0 [TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS] Gu/R Classify the reactions below as synthesis, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, combustion, or neutralization. 1. 2H 2 + O 2 2H 2 O 2. Ca(OH) 2 + H 2 SO 4 CaSO 4 + 2H 2 O 3. Zn + H 2 SO 4 ZnSO 4 + H CO + O 2 2CO HgO 2Hg + O KBr + Cl 2 2KCl + Br 2 7. CaO + H 2 O Ca(OH) 2 8. AgNO 3 + NaCl AgCl + NaNO H 2 O 2 2H 2 O + O CoCl 2 + 6H 2 O CoCl 2 6H 2 O 11. C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O

5 Funsheet 3.0 [TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS] Gu/R Predict the products of the reactions below, and write the balanced chemical equation. 1. CaC 2 + O 2 2. KOH + H 2 SO 4 3. KIO 3 4. CH 4 + O 2 5. BN + F 2 6. Al + H 2 SO 4 7. Carbon reacts with sulphur dioxide 8. Vanadium (V) oxide reacts with calcium 9. Aluminum oxide and sulphuric acid react 10. Potassium bromate breaks into products

6 Funsheet 3.0 [TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS] Gu/R C 3 H 8 (propane) reacts with oxygen 12. magnesium bromide + chlorine 13. aluminum + iron (lll) oxide 14. silver nitrate + zinc chloride 15. hydrogen peroxide (catalyzed by manganese (IV) oxide) 16. zinc + hydrochloric acid 17. sulfuric acid + sodium hydroxide 18. sodium + phosphoric acid 19. acetic acid + copper 20. nitrogen + hydrogen 21. aluminum chloride is heated

7 Funsheet 3.1 [MOLE BRIDGE] Gu/R How many moles of chlorine will be needed to make 8 moles of hydrogen chloride? 2. How many moles of carbon dioxide will be made if I burn 2 moles of CH 4 in the presence of excess oxygen? moles of oxygen will need how many moles of hydrogen to make water? 4. When phosphorous reacts with oxygen to make diphosphorous pentoxide, how many moles of phosphorous will be needed to react with 1.37 moles of oxygen? 5. How many moles of water will be produced by burning 3.65 moles of C 3 H 8 in excess oxygen? 6. How many grams of chlorine will be needed to make 8 moles of hydrogen chloride?

8 Funsheet 3.1 [MOLE BRIDGE] Gu/R How many moles of oxygen will be needed to react with 5.68 grams of CH 4? moles of oxygen, when reacted with enough phosphorous will produce how many grams of diphosphorous pentoxide? grams of hydrogen will react with how many moles of oxygen to produce water? 10. How many grams of chlorine will be needed to make grams of hydrogen chloride? 11. How many grams of oxygen will be needed to combine with 4.59 grams of CH4? 12. If grams of diphosphorous pentoxide are needed, how many grams of phosphorous and oxygen are needed?

9 Funsheet 3.1 [MOLE BRIDGE] Gu/R grams of hydrogen are reacted with excess oxygen. How many grams of water are produced? 14. A bicycle was left in the rain and was coated with 67.9 g of Fe 2 O 3. What mass of Fe reacted, and what mass of O 2 from the atmosphere combined with that iron? 15. Consider the following chemical reaction: 2H 2(g) + O 2(g) 2H 2 O (l) a) How many moles of H 2 and O 2 is needed to produce 12 moles of water? b) How many grams of H 2 and O 2 would be needed to produce 12 grams of water? c) How many litres of H 2 and O 2 (at STP) would be needed to produce 12 grams of water? 16. If 5.00 grams of iron react with oxygen, how many moles of iron (II) oxide can be produced?

10 Funsheet 3.1 [MOLE BRIDGE] Gu/R How many moles of calcium oxide are produced when 36.5 g of calcium reacts completely with oxygen gas? 18. Consider the following reaction at STP: 2C 2 H 2(g) + 5O 2(g) 4CO 2(g) + 2H 2 O (g) a) An acetylene (C 2 H 2 ) sample contains x molecules. How many moles of O 2 are needed to completely react with all of the molecules of acetylene? b) What volume of acetylene at STP is needed to produce 56.0 grams of water? (Assume enough O 2 is present) 19. Consider the following reaction at STP: N 2(g) + 3H 2(g) 2NH 3(g) a) How many litres of N 2 would be needed to produce 10 litres of NH 3? b) How many grams of N 2 and how many grams of H 2 would be needed to produce 10.5 L of NH 3? c) Suppose you need 1.00 kg of NH 3 to be used to make fertilizer. How many litres of N 2 and H 2 would you need to react together?

11 Funsheet 3.1 [MOLE BRIDGE] Gu/R How many grams of chlorine are required to produce 355 g of carbon tetrachloride by reacting with solid carbon? g of phosphorus pentachloride decomposed into phosphorus trichloride and chlorine gas. How many grams of each product has formed? 22. Consider the reaction 4NH 3(g) + 5O 2(g) 6H 2 O (g) + 4NO (g). What volume of NH 3(g) at STP is required to react with 3.00 mol of O 2(g)? 23. Consider the reaction 4NH 3(g) + 5O 2(g) 6H 2 O (g) + 4NO (g). What volume of NH 3(g) at STP is required to produce mol of H 2 O (g)? 24. Hydrogen sulphide reacts with water and potassium permanganate to produce potassium sulphate, manganese (lv) oxide, and potassium hydroxide. How many grams of hydrogen sulphide must be used to react completely with 6.32 g of potassium permanganate?

12 Funsheet 3.1 [MOLE BRIDGE] Gu/R Tetraethyl lead, Pb(C 2 H 5 ) 4 burns according to the equation 2Pb(C 2 H 5 ) 4(l) + 27O 2(g) 2PbO (s) + 16CO 2(g) + 20H 2 O (l) a) What volume of O 2(g) at STP is consumed when g of PbO (s) are formed? b) How many molecules of CO 2(g) are formed at STP when 1.00 g of tetraethyl lead is burned? c) How many molecules of H 2 O (l) are formed when 135 molecules of O 2(g) react? d) What volume of O 2(g) at STP, in ml, is required to react with 1.00 x molecules of tetraethyl lead?

13 Funsheet 3.2 [LIMITING REAGENTS] Gu/R moles of magnesium react with 2.0 moles of iodine. How many moles of magnesium iodide will form? g of magnesium react with mol of iodine. How many grams of magnesium iodide will form? moles of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) decompose to form water and oxygen gas. How many grams of water will be produced? g of magnesium react with 8.00 g of aluminum chloride to produce aluminum and magnesium chloride. How many moles of aluminum will result?

14 Funsheet 3.2 [LIMITING REAGENTS] Gu/R How many grams of water are produced when mol of phosphoric acid reacts with mol of magnesium hydroxide? g of aluminum chloride are reacted with 20.0 g of sodium carbonate. How many grams of each product will form? g of hydrogen and 45 g of oxygen are mixed. How many grams of water can be produced from this reaction? L of hydrogen at STP and 15 L of oxygen at STP react. How many litres of water vapour can be produced from this reaction?

15 Funsheet 3.2 [LIMITING REAGENTS] Gu/R g of hydrogen and 9.25 g of oxygen react to form water. a) Which reactant is in excess? b) How much excess is there in grams? c) How much water is produced in grams? 10. Potassium reacts with chlorine to form potassium chloride. If grams of potassium is reacted with grams of chlorine, a) Which reactant is the limiting reactant? b) How much excess is there of the excess reactant in grams? c) How much potassium chloride is produced in grams?

16 Funsheet 3.3 [PERCENT YIELD] Gu/R What is the percent yield if 67.6 g of product was obtained for a reaction which theoretically should have produced 80.0 g? 2. If 1.00 mol of Ca and 1.00 mol Cl 2 are reacted together and only 1.06 g of CaCl 2 is produced, what is the percent yield? 3. A reaction is completed where 5.0 grams of zinc is reacted with 5.0 grams of hydrogen chloride grams of zinc chloride is produced along with some H 2 gas. What amount of zinc chloride should have been produced, and what percentage of that amount was collected?

17 Funsheet 3.3 [PERCENT YIELD] Gu/R What are some reasons why the percent yield might be below or above 100%? Yield < 100% Yield > 100% 5. A reaction is done using 59.2 g of Cu 2 S and 47.8 L of O 2 at STP. If 26.1 g of Cu 2 O is produced, calculate the percent yield. 2Cu 2 S + 3O 2 2Cu 2 O + 2SO 2 6. For the balanced equation shown below, if the reaction of 28.5 grams of O 2 with excess C 2 H 5 NSCl gives a 54.6% yield, how many grams of NO 2 would be produced? C 2 H 5 NSCl + 5O 2 2CO 2 + 2H 2 O + NO 2 + SO 2 + HCl

18 Funsheet 3.3 [PERCENT YIELD] Gu/R For the balanced equation shown below, if the reaction of 98.6 grams of BaO 2 produces a 31.9% yield, how many grams of BaO would be produced? 2BaO 2 2BaO + O 2 8. A scientist wishes to synthesize Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 using the following reaction: 3CuSO 4 + 2Fe Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 + 3Cu How much CuSO 4 should he use to make g of Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 if the reaction has a maximum 65.0% yield?

19 Funsheet 3.3 [PERCENT YIELD] Gu/R A particular procedure for synthesizing Bi 2 S 3 produces an 84.5% yield. If the goal is to synthesize g, how many grams of each reactant is needed, at least? 2BiCl 3 + 3H 2 S Bi 2 S 3 + 6HCl 10. Iron reacts with iron (lll) chloride to give iron (ll) chloride. How much of each of the reactants is needed to produce 50.0 g of iron (ll) chloride if the reaction gives a 72% yield?

20 Funsheet 3.3 [PERCENT YIELD] Gu/R Do you really understand? If I change the question just a little bit, can you still do it? 11. If g of FeO produces 12.9 g of pure Fe according to the reaction 2FeO + 2C + O 2 2Fe + 2CO 2 what is the percentage purity of the FeO used? 12. What mass of pure Na 2 CO 3 can be formed by heating and decomposing 5.00 kg of 79.4% pure trona, Na 3 CO 3 HCO 3 2H 2 O, according to the reaction 2Na 3 CO 3 HCO 3 2H 2 O 3Na 2 CO 3 + CO 2 + 5H 2 O? 13. What mass of impure zinc metal having a purity of 89.5% is required to produce 975 ml of hydrogen gas at STP according to the reaction Zn (s) + 2HCl (aq) ZnCl 2(aq) + H 2(g)?

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