Sample Copy. Not Distribution.

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Sample Copy. Not Distribution."

Dylan Spencer
5 years ago
Views:

2 Identification and Analysis of Medicinal Compounds

3 Publishing-in-support-of, EDUCREATION PUBLISHING RZ 94, Sector - 6, Dwarka, New Delhi Shubham Vihar, Mangla, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh Website: Copyright, 2018, L. Srividya, A Rama Narsimha Reddy All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, manual, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written consent of its writer. ISBN: Price: ` The opinions/ contents expressed in this book are solely of the authors and do not represent the opinions/ standings/ thoughts of Educreation or the Editors. The book is released by using the services of self-publishing house. Printed in India

4 Identification and Analysis of Medicinal Compounds (M.Pharm., Ph.D.) Dr. Srividya Lonkala Associate Professor Jyothishmathi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Thimmapur, Karimnagar ,Telangana State, India Dr. A. Rama Narsimha Reddy (M.Pharm., Ph.D) Professor Jyothishmathi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Thimmapur, Karimnagar ,Telangana State, India EDUCREATION PUBLISHING (Since 2011)

6 CONTENTS Sl. Index Page 1. Researching and planning chemical assays 1 2. Instructions to the Mentor 2 3. Methods of Titration 3 4. Measurement of ph Standardization of Sodium Hydroxide Solution Standardization of Hydrochloric acid Solution Standardization of perchloric acid Solution Standardization of Ethylene diamine tetraacetic 25 acid Solution 9. Standardization of Iodine Solution Standardization of Potassium Bromate Solution Determination of Magnesium Hydroxide Content 34 in Milk of Magnesia 12. Determination of Calcium in Tang Determination of fat content in meat Identification and estimation of ascorbic acid Identification and estimation of aspirin Identification and estimation of benzoic acid Identification and estimation of ibuprofen Identification and estimation of metronidazole Identification and estimation of phenobarbitone Identification and estimation of glibenclamide Identification and estimation of chlorpheniramine 74 maleate 22. Identification and estimation of isoniazid Identification and estimation of chloramphenicol Identification and estimation of methyldopa Identification and estimation of antacids Identification and estimation of adrenaline Identification and estimation of bisacodyl 101

7 PREFACE The purpose of this book Identification and Analysis of Medicinal Compounds - a Practical Manual is intended to be used for the Pharmacy students of D.Pharm, B.Pharm and Pharm.D courses. This is specifically written to meet the present needs of revised curriculum. This book provides a good medium for teaching and studying lucidly in practicals. Besides, the book will helps in bringing the uniformity in syllabi. We are confident that this book will be of immense value to the students of Pharmacy. Curriculum development is a dynamic and continuous process. No one can claim to have developed a perfect curriculum material. There will always be some scope for further improvement, so I request all those who will be using this text book to evaluate the material with an open mind and offer their valuable suggestions for improving the quality in future to rnrdst@gmail.com. Dr. L. SRIVIDYA Dr. A. RAMA NARSIMHA REDDY

8 1. Researching and planning chemical assays Quantitative chemical analysis is used to determine the purity of ingredients used to make medicines. Acceptable purities and analytical methods are provided under standard publications such as Pharmacopoeia. The ingredients of pharmaceuticals and medicines are listed as labeling on the package. You can notice them the ingredients have the letters IP after them on the label. This means they meet standards defined in the Indian Pharmacopoeia, European Pharmacopoeia, British Pharmacopoeia, US Pharmacopoeia or any other Pharmacopoeia or National formulary. Almost all the medicines are formulations, which are made in to mixtures in a particular specification. Labels on the medicines indicate you quantity of active ingredient present. Quantitative analysis is used to estimate the quantity of active ingredient in the medicine. Objective This manual focuses on the lab experiments for detection of ions using titration as an analysis tool. Standardization of NaOH and HCl solutions so that you know the exact concentration and then prepare samples of common household items in order to determine the amount of ion. To learn the preparation of samples of a specified concentration, learn about acids and bases through the use of titrations and learn how to detect endpoints using different indicators. Also adept at measuring ph with both a ph meter and indicator paper. You will then conduct quality control testers and determine if the label on a bottle of over-the-counter product actually contains the percentage of compound that it mentioned on the label. 1

9 2. Instructions to the Mentor You need to produce a portfolio of evidence to conduct quantitative analysis for each medicine. Demonstrate relevant knowledge of the following: The different categories of medicines and their action. The development of a medicine. Methods of analysing medicines. Describe in detail the practical procedures in the quantitative analysis and the practical procedures used in the bioassay including an explanation of the scientific principles involved. Select appropriate apparatus for both the quantitative analysis carry out a risk assessment for the quantitative analysis and complete the procedures in a safe manner. Evaluate the method used in the quantitative analysis. Produce a report on the quantitative analysis of each of the chosen medicines. 2

10 3. Methods of Titration Introduction: Analysis plays a key role in evaluation of any compound for its quality and quantity. It helps us to keep a check on the quality, safety of drugs, food, chemicals and other important substances. Titration is a one of the important methods of analytical chemistry to evaluate chemical substances. It is a method of analysis wherein a substance under test is allowed to react with known compound in a solution in presence of an indicator. There are different types of titration for different purposes. During titration, the indicator indicates the end point i.e. it shows when the substance under test has been completely reacted with the analyzing regent. The reagent added to estimate is called titrant and the substance under estimation is called titrand. The titrand is taken in a beaker while titrant is dropped from a burette till the end point is reached. The sole purpose of titration is qualitative and quantitative estimation a given substance. There are different types of titrations for analysis of compounds or substances. These methods are economic, effective and also easy to perform. The methods are also reproducible across all the labs. They have similar requirements and out puts if one follows a fixed procedure. The main objective of titration is qualitative and quantitative estimation a given sample. It is a very accurate and precise technique. Titration offers a good performance when compared to more sophisticated procedures. It can be used by low-skilled and low-trained operators. 3

11 Get Complete Book At Educreation Store

Sample Copy. Not For Distribution.

Sample Copy. Not For Distribution. A Text Book of 'Logic and Sets' (Skill Enhancement Course) CBCS Pattern i Publishing-in-support-of, EDUCREATION PUBLISHING RZ 94, Sector - 6, Dwarka, New Delhi - 110075 Shubham Vihar, Mangla, Bilaspur,