WEED SURVEY SOUTHERN STATES. Broadleaf Crops Subsection. (Cotton, Peanut, Soybean, Tobacco, and Forestry) Theodore M. Webster Chairperson
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1 WEED SURVEY SOUTHERN STATES 2005 Broadleaf Crops Subsection (Cotton, Peanut, Soybean, Tobacco, and Forestry) Theodore M. Webster Chairperson Information in this report is provided by the following individuals: Alabama Mike Patterson John Everest Florida Jay Ferrell Barry Brecke Georgia A. Stanley Culpepper Eric P. Prostko Kentucky J. D. Green J. R. Martin Louisiana Eric Webster Steve Kelly Jim Griffin Dearl Sanders Mississippi Missouri John Byrd Andy Kendig North Carolina Alan York David Jordan Loren Fisher Oklahoma Case Medlin Don Murray South Carolina Jason Norsworthy Jay Chapin Larry Nelson Tennessee Larry Steckel 291
2 Table 1. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Cotton. Ranking Alabama Florida Georgia 1 crabgrass spp. crabgrass spp. Texas panicum 2 morningglory spp. pigweed spp. Palmer amaranth 3 prickly sida sicklepod smallflower morningglory 4 sicklepod Florida pusley Ipomoea morningglory spp. 5 pigweed spp. Florida beggarweed Florida pusley 6 nutsedge spp. morningglory spp. Florida beggarweed 7 Florida pusley nutsedge spp. nutsedge spp. 8 spurge spp. common cocklebur Sicklepod 9 goosegrass Texas panicum crabgrass spp. 10 bristly starbur redweed bristly starbur 1 bermudagrass tropical spiderwort tropical spiderwort 2 morningglory spp. morningglory spp. Palmer amaranth 3 nutsedge spp. nutsedge spp. Ipomoea morningglory spp. 4 sicklepod Florida pusley Florida pusley 5 coffee senna smallflower morningglory nutsedge spp. 6 tropic croton bermudagrass spreading/asiatic dayflower 7 velvetleaf sicklepod smallflower morningglory 8 spurge spp. wild poinsettia Texas panicum 9 Florida pusley groundcherry spp. wild poinsettia 10 smartweed spp. Palmer amaranth Bermudagrass 292
3 Table 1. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Cotton (continued). Ranking Louisiana Missouri Mississippi 1 morningglory spp. crabgrass spp. pitted morningglory 2 pigweed spp. pigweed spp. ivyleaf/entireleaf morningglory 3 nutsedge spp. morningglory spp. spotted spurge 4 Johnsongrass common cocklebur purple nutsedge 5 redvine goosegrass Bermudagrass 6 hemp sesbania prickly sida yellow nutsedge 7 broadleaf signalgrass velvetleaf hemp sesbania 8 prickly sida spurge spp. prickly sida 9 bermudagrass Johnsongrass southern crabgrass 10 Pennsylvania smartweed spurred anoda broadleaf signalgrass 1 morningglory spp. Palmer amaranth spotted spurge 2 nutsedge spp. morningglory spp. hemp sesbania 3 pigweed spp. common cocklebur Redvine 4 bermudagrass velvetleaf pigweed spp. 5 hemp sesbania prickly sida Bermudagrass 6 redvine Johnsongrass prickly sida 7 broadleaf signalgrass spurge spp. morningglory spp. 8 prickly sida perennial vines Trumpetcreeper 9 Pennsylvania smartweed bermudagrass southern crabgrass 10 wild okra goosegrass honeyvine milkweed 293
4 Table 1. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Cotton (continued). Ranking North Carolina Oklahoma South Carolina 1 pigweed spp. pigweed spp. Palmer amaranth 2 large crabgrass morningglory spp. large crabgrass 3 broadleaf signalgrass red sprangletop morningglory spp. 4 morningglory spp. large crabgrass goosegrass 5 sicklepod Texas panicum nutsedge spp. 6 prickly sida silverleaf nightshade sicklepod 7 common lambsquarters Johnsongrass tropic croton 8 nutsedge spp. common cocklebur prickly sida 9 smartweed spp. yellow nutsedge arrowleaf sida 10 common cocklebur devil s claw common cocklebur 1 Palmer amaranth morningglory spp. Palmer amaranth 2 morningglory spp. silverleaf nightshade morningglory spp. 3 nutsedge spp. pigweed spp. sicklepod 4 dayflower spp. red sprangletop nutsedge spp. 5 Florida pusley yellow nutsedge Florida pusley 6 goosegrass common cocklebur coffee senna 7 smartweed spp. devil s claw bermudagrass 8 bermudagrass field bindweed spurred anoda 9 spurred anoda Johnsongrass common cocklebur 10 tropic croton Texas panicum velvetleaf 294
5 Table 1. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Cotton (continued). Ranking State Tennessee 1 Horseweed 2 Palmer amaranth 3 morningglory spp. 4 broadleaf signalgrass 5 large crabgrass 6 spotted spurge 7 yellow nutsedge 8 Johnsongrass 9 velvetleaf 10 smooth pigweed 1 Horseweed 2 Palmer amaranth 3 morningglory spp. 4 smooth pigweed 5 broadleaf signalgrass 6 spotted spurge 7 yellow nutsedge 8 prickly sida 9 velvetleaf 10 common cocklebur 295
6 Table 2. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Peanut. Ranking Alabama Florida Georgia 1 Florida beggarweed crabgrass spp. Florida beggarweed 2 nutsedge spp. Florida beggarweed Texas panicum 3 morningglory spp. sicklepod sicklepod 4 sicklepod Florida pusley Florida pusley 5 crabgrass spp. pigweed spp. nutsedge spp. 6 common cocklebur morningglory spp. morningglory spp. 7 bristly starbur nutsedge spp. Palmer amaranth 8 prickly sida Texas panicum bristly starbur 9 ragweed spp. tropic croton crabgrass spp. 10 Texas panicum bristly starbur tropic croton 1 Florida beggarweed Florida beggarweed Palmer amaranth 2 nutsedge spp. tropical spiderwort Florida pusley 3 horsenettle bristly starbur tropical spiderwort 4 bristly starbur morningglory spp. Florida beggarweed 5 tropic croton cowpea nutsedge spp. 6 dayflower spp. Palmer amaranth tropic croton 7 sicklepod tropic croton sicklepod 8 maypop passionflower hairy indigo Texas panicum 9 groundcherry spp. cutleaf groundcherry morningglory spp. 10 wild poinsettia Texas panicum common bermudagrass 296
7 Table 2. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Peanut (continued). Ranking Mississippi North Carolina Oklahoma 1 broadleaf signalgrass large crabgrass pigweed spp. 2 Palmer amaranth broadleaf signalgrass crownbeard 3 eclipta nutsedge spp. prickly sida 4 cutleaf groundcherry morningglory spp. eclipta 5 horsenettle prickly sida yellow nutsedge 6 Johnsongrass goosegrass morningglory spp. 7 pitted morningglory common ragweed Johnsongrass 8 pigweed spp. common lambsquarters large crabgrass 9 prickly sida common cocklebur Texas panicum 10 spotted spurge pigweed spp. spurge spp. 1 eclipta nutsedge spp. yellow nutsedge 2 horsenettle eclipta eclipta 3 spotted spurge common ragweed ALS-resistant Palmer amaranth 4 purple nutsedge prickly sida hophornbeam copperleaf 5 prickly sida sicklepod horsenettle 6 cutleaf groundcherry Carolina horsenettle pigweed spp. 7 goosegrass common bermudagrass crownbeard 8 southern crabgrass Texas panicum spurge spp. 9 Johnsongrass Florida beggarweed silverleaf nightshade 10 morningglory spp. nightshade spp. Texas panicum 297
8 Table 2. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Peanut (continued). Ranking State South Carolina 1 Palmer amaranth 2 sicklepod 3 morningglory spp. 4 large crabgrass 5 goosegrass 6 Texas panicum 7 yellow nutsedge 8 tropic croton 9 bermudagrass 10 Florida beggarweed 1 Palmer amaranth 2 sicklepod 3 morningglory spp. 4 yellow nutsedge 5 Texas panicum 6 large crabgrass 7 tropic croton 8 Florida beggarweed 9 goosegrass 10 bermudagrass 298
9 Table 3. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Soybean. Ranking Alabama Florida Georgia 1 sicklepod crabgrass spp. sicklepod 2 morningglory spp. Florida beggarweed Palmer amaranth 3 pigweed spp. sicklepod crabgrass spp. 4 crabgrass spp. Florida pusley morningglory spp. 5 Johnsongrass pigweed spp. Texas panicum 6 prickly sida morningglory spp. common cocklebur 7 common cocklebur nutsedge spp. nutsedge spp. 8 nutsedge spp. Texas panicum Florida beggarweed 9 ragweed spp. tropic croton Florida pusley 10 Florida pusley bristly starbur common ragweed 1 sicklepod Florida beggarweed sicklepod 2 morningglory spp. Palmer amaranth morningglory spp. 3 nutsedge spp. cowpea Palmer amaranth 4 bermudagrass dayflower spp. nutsedge spp. 5 tropic croton bristly starbur Florida pusely 6 pigweed spp. morningglory spp. tropical spiderwort 7 horsenettle cutleaf eveningprimrose Texas panicum 8 balloonvine hairy indigo common cocklebur 9 Florida pusley tropic croton Florida beggarweed 10 coffee senna Texas panicum roundup ready cotton 299
10 Table 3. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Soybean (continued). Ranking Kentucky Louisianna Mississippi 1 horseweed/marestail morningglory spp. prickly sida 2 smooth pigweed pigweed spp. pitted morningglory 3 Johnsongrass barnyardgrass entireleaf morningglory 4 common pokeweed hemp sesbania broadleaf signalgrass 5 prickly sida prickly sida nodding/hyssop spurge 6 dandelion sicklepod barnyardgrass 7 fall panicum red rice yellow nutsedge 8 honeyvine milkweed broadleaf signalgrass hemp sesbania 9 pitted morningglory wild poinsettia Johnsongrass 10 eastern black nightshade Johnsongrass prostrate spurge 1 honeyvine milkweed wild poinsettia prickly sida 2 trumpetcreeper groundcherry spp. pitted morningglory 3 common pokeweed spreading dayflower entireleaf morningglory 4 burcucumber Texasweed nodding/hyssop spurge 5 horseweed/marestail morningglory spp. yellow nutsedge 6 eastern black nightshade red rice Johnsongrass 7 ivyleaf morningglory jointvetch spp. trumpetcreeper 8 giant ragweed sicklepod redvine 9 Johnsongrass redvine/trumpetcrepper bermudagrass 10 yellow nutsedge itchgrass horsenettle 300
11 Table 3. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Soybean (continued). Ranking Missouri North Carolina Oklahoma 1 common waterhemp pigweed spp. pigweed spp. 2 giant foxtail large crabgrass morningglory spp. 3 velvetleaf broadleaf signalgrass common cocklebur 4 morningglory spp. morningglory spp. large crabgrass 5 common cocklebur sicklepod Johnsongrass 6 sunflower spp. common ragweed common lambsquarters 7 shattercane common lambsquarters velvetleaf 8 crabgrass spp. Johnsongrass prickly sida 9 smartweed spp. fall panicum Texas panicum 10 common ragweed common cocklebur hemp sesbania 1 common waterhemp morningglory spp. morningglory spp. 2 velvetleaf pigweed spp. pigweed spp. 3 common cocklebur eastern black nightshade common cocklebur 4 morningglory spp. broadleaf signalgrass velvetleaf 5 sunflower spp. sicklepod spurge spp. 6 shattercane common ragweed hemp sesbania 7 hemp dogbane Johnsongrass prickly sida 8 common ragweed hemp dogbane johsnongrass 9 Palmer amaranth common milkweed yellow nutsedge 10 giant foxtail bermudagrass Texas panicum 301
12 Table 3. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Soybean (continued). States Ranking South Carolina Tennessee 1 Palmer amaranth Johnsongrass 2 sicklepod horseweed 3 Large crabgrass Palmer amaranth 4 goosegrass broadleaf signalgrass 5 morningglory spp. smooth pigweed 6 nutsedge spp. morningglory spp. 7 Florida pusley large crabgrass 8 prickly sida sicklepod 9 common cocklebur hophornbeam copperleaf 10 arrowleaf sida prickly sida 1 sicklepod Palmer amaranth 2 Palmer amaranth horseweed 3 morningglory spp. morningglory spp. 4 Florida pusley prickly sida 5 nutsedge spp. hophornbeam copperleaf 6 Texas panicum giant ragweed 7 common cocklebur sicklepod 8 coffee senna trumpetcreeper 9 arrowleaf sida smooth pigweed 10 prickly sida Johnsongrass 302
13 Table 4. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Tobacco. Ranking Florida Kentucky North Carolina 1 crabgrass spp. foxtail spp. nutsedge spp. 2 Florida pusley smooth pigweed large crabgrass 3 nutsedge spp. large crabgrass pigweed spp. 4 sicklepod ivyleaf morningglory sicklepod 5 Florida beggarweed common lambsquarters broadleaf signalgrass 6 bermudagrass Johnsongrass common ragweed 7 morningglory spp. common ragweed common lambsquarters 8 bristly starbur hairy galinsoga morningglory spp. 9 Texas panicum yellow nutsedge goosegrass 10 pigweed spp. horsenettle bermudagrass 1 nutsedge spp. honeyvine milkweed morningglory spp. 2 bermudagrass hairy galinsoga nutsedge spp. 3 morningglory spp. ivyleaf morningglory large crabgrass 4 tropical spiderwort yellow nutsedge sicklepod 5 sicklepod johnonsgrass common ragweed 6 Florida beggarweed horsenettle pigweed spp. 7 bristly starbur smooth pigweed common cocklebur 8 pigweed spp. common lambsquarters carolina horsenettle 9 hairy indigo common ragweed common lambsquarters 10 wild poinsettia jimsonweed broadleaf signalgrass 303
14 Table 4. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Tobacco (continued). Ranking State Tennessee 1 large crabgrass 2 smooth pigweed 3 morningglory spp. 4 common ragweed 5 common lambsquarters 6 common purslane 7 carpetweed 8 carolina horsenettle 9 yellow nutsedge 10 hairy galinsoga 1 common ragweed 2 hairy galinsoga 3 carolina horsenettle 4 yellow nutsedge 5 morningglory spp. 6 Johnsongrass 7 bermudagrass 8 large crabgrass 9 groundcherry spp. 10 common cocklebur 304
15 Table 5. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Forestry. Ranking Alabama Florida Louisiana 1 dogfennel dogfennel Rubus spp. 2 common ragweed pigweed spp. Chinese privet 3 horseweed saw palmetto Johnsongrass 4 crabgrass spp. sandbur spp. horseweed 5 broomsedge Johnsongrass dogfennel 6 blackberry spp. Chinese tallow giant ragweed 7 goldenrod spp. cogongrass sweetgum 8 Johnsongrass Chinese privet red oak 9 kudzu tickberry spp. blackgum 10 camphorweed Japanese climbing fern hickory 1 kudzu cogongrass sweetgum 2 cogongrass saw palmetto red oak 3 broomsedge bamboo winged elm 4 gallberry spp. Chinese privet Chinese tallow 5 honeysuckle spp. Japanese climbing fern broomsedge 6 dogfennel broomsedge hickory 7 greenbriar spp. Chinese tallow red maple 8 goldenrod spp. dogfennel boxelder 9 camphorweed blackberry spp. Rubus spp. 10 sweetgum goldenrod spp. giant ragweed 305
16 Table 5. The Southern States 10 Most Common and Troublesome Weeds in Forestry (continued). States Ranking Mississippi South Carolina* 1 baccharis fireweed 2 eastern red cedar common ragweed 3 privet dogfennel 4 yaupon horseweed 5 dogwood aster spp. 6 green sawbriar poorjoe 7 sweetgum sunflower spp. 8 red oak boneset 9 blackgum tall lettuce 10 hickory lespedeza spp. 1 sweetgum coffeeweed 2 red oak white snakeroot 3 winged elm pigweed spp. 4 yaupon bitter sneezeweed 5 hickory morningglory spp. 6 blue vervain common cocklebur 7 Rubus spp. sicklepod 8 green sawbriar lespedeza spp. 9 privet trumpetcreeper 10 kudzu tropic croton * Weeds are not listed in any particular order 306
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