Brownfield Stepping Stones. A landscape scale approach to brownfield conservation Clare Dinham

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1 Brownfield Stepping Stones A landscape scale approach to brownfield conservation Clare Dinham

2 Brownfield Stepping Stones Project Talk content: Setting the scene : habitat fragmentation and landscape scale approach South Essex Scunthorpe Teesside

3 South Essex Stepping Stones The project aims to: Map current and historical known distributions of UK Biodiversity Action Plan invertebrate species within the project area Identify key sites for survey for which no current records are held Manage key interest features that support rare invertebrate assemblages Identify areas for targeted habitat management or habitat creation to increase connectivity between key sites

4 Project sites Vange Marshes Untidy Industries Wat Tyler Country Park Canvey Wick Canvey Heights

5 Bumble bee studies Studies carried out on spatial dynamics of UK BAP species Brown banded carder bee (Bombus humilis) and Shrill carder bee (Bombus sylvarum) at SESS project sites in 2011 Foraging range of B. humilis found to be greater than B.sylvarum B. sylvarum needs a greater concentration of suitable forage over smaller spatial scales in relation to nest sites Shrill carder bee Bombus sylvarum MJ Clark B. sylvarum much more vulnerable to habitat fragmentation than other bees

6 Bumblebees specialise on certain floral species and families to maximise the quality of pollen for developing larvae Studies on the foraging behaviour of in the South Essex Stepping Stones project area have identified: Species such as Odontites verna, Centaurea nigra and Ballota nigra identified as key forage plants for B. humilis and B.sylvarum Black knapweed (Centaurea nigra) Narrow leaved bird s-foot trefoil (Lotus glaber)

7 Provision of suitable forage identified as a priority for conservation of bumblebees in the UK Large areas of open flower rich grassland 10-20km 2 East Thames Corridor - one of the most diverse bumblebee assemblages in the UK Many of these are brownfield sites and threatened with imminent development Brown-banded carder bee Bombus humilis Sam Ashfield

8 Green Haying Landscape scale creation of wildflower meadows in and surrounding the project area Direct seeding not permitted on SSSIs Scrub clearance followed by the spreading of green hay proved to be a very effective method for the largescale target forage patches for the brown-banded carder bee and the shrill carder bee Carried out at Hadleigh Country Park and Canvey Heights in Essex.

9 Green haying at Canvey Heights before and after An appropriate cutting regime will help to improve species diversity usually and spring and autumn cut Yarrow and Bird s-foot trefoil meadow

10 Scunthorpe Stepping Stones

11 Carry out survey work on sites that have never been accessed before i.e. TATA steel Working with North Lincolnshire Council and Humber INCA to enhance and improve management of key brownfield sites within the County Sites can act as strongholds e.g. Tata Steel for Grayling Connectivity between sites is important for species dispersal

12 Connectivity between sites Risby Warren SSSI Sawcliffe LNR Crosby Warren Wetland

13 Scunthorpe used to support large areas of cover sands heath Lost to urban development Small remnant patches exist Risby Warren SSSI inland dune systyen, heathand, acid and calcareous grassland, scrub, conifer plantation Management is needed where this habitat occurs

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15 Sand martin Wetland

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18 Continuous disturbance is needed to maintain bare ground/ early successional habitats Can occur through: - habitat management - industrial processes - public access

19 Good assemblage of common, local and regionally scarce species associated with open sandy sites Stiletto fly (Thereva annulata) Species more closely associated with coastal sites with loose, mobile sands Cranefly (Nephratoma crocata)

20 Tata Steel Robert Woods Coleophora inulae - a nationally notable b species Small colonies found in Hampshire and the Isle of Wight Larval foodplants - Inula conyza Ploughman s Spikenard and Pulicaria dysenterica Common Fleabane. First record in Lincolnshire Furthest northerly record aside from a small population in south Yorkshire

21 Teesside Stepping Stones

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23 Lucite International Former ICI Works dating back to the 1950s Areas of hard-standing, crushed brick and slag Free draining, low nutrient parts of the site support species rich open sward grassland Bird s-foot trefoil, blue fleabane, black knapweed, ox-eye daisy Rank grassland, scrub, reed-bed and a pond

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27 BP CATS Original habitat was inter-tidal mudflats Re-claimed in the 1970 s using river dredgings and blast furnace slag High ph of substrates has produced calcareous flora

28 Bee banks Adds topographic variation to a site The creation of bee banks can produce extra areas of bare ground Provides habitat for warmth loving species such as solitary bees, wasps, beetles and spiders Management

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30 Dingy skipper (Erynnis tages) UKBAP species due to recent decline Good indicator species for brownfield habitat Main larval food plant is Common Bird's-foottrefoil present on many sites due to BFS Basks on areas of bare ground

31 Grayling (Hipparchia semele) UKBAP species due to recent decline Localised distribution and coastal over much of its range Heathland, limestone and chalk grassland Found on dry, well drained soils with open-sward grassland and bare ground 10 populations are known in Teesside and are regionally important Robert Woods Found only at BPCATS and Maze Park

32 Maze Park

33 A number of Wainscot species are at the northern edge of their range in the north east Due to Phragmites reedbeds which often form part of the habitat mosaic on brownfield sites in Teesside The species concerned are nationally local and include Fen Wainscot (Arenostola phragmitidis ) Robert Woods

34 Planning Work to ensure key sites are protected and suitable mitigation and compensation is delivered Retention/creation of OMH, wildflower meadows, biodiverse roofs

35 The role of roof top habitats Mitigation for new developments - retention of existing habitats or the creation of new habitat on the ground must always be the priority of a mitigation scheme when compensating for loss of habitat. Biodiverse green roofs are an innovative way of providing additional habitat where brownfield land (and other similar low nutrient, free draining habitats) is to be lost. Considerable benefit can be achieved by wildlife by designing bespoke biodiverse roofs that aim to replicate specific habitats.

36 Wat Tyler Country Park

37 Ground crab spider (Thomisidae) Brown-banded carder bee Bombus humilis Roger Taylor

38 Living Roofs for London s Wildlife Partnership between Buglife and Livingroofs.org Installed 6 biodiverse roofs for invertebrates in London Invertebrate surveys carried out on the roofs Workshops Production of Guidance on creating biodiverse green roofs for invertebrates Funded by the SITA Trust Livingroofs.org

39 THANK YOU

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