Allelopathy of garlic root aqueous extracts and root exudates

Transcription

1 35 10 () Vol. 35 No Journal of Northwest A & F University (Nat. Sci. Ed. ) Oct , 1, 1, 2 (1, ;2, ) [ ],,, ; 30 d,a b (a + b),;pod ;, [ ] ;;; [] Q [] A [ ] (2007) Allelopathy of garlic root aqueous extracts and root exudates ZHOU Yan2li 1,C H EN G Zhi2hui 1,M EN G Huan2wen 1, GAO Hong2chun 2 (1 College of Horticulture, N orthwest A & F Universit y, Yangling, S haanxi , China; 2 College of L i f e Sciences, N ortheast A gricultural Universit y, Harbin, Heilongjiang , China) Abstract : The allelopat hy of garlic root aqueous extract s and root exudates on tomato and hot pepper was st udied by adopting indoor Petri dish bioassay and liquid co2cult ure system. The result s showed t hat t he seedling growt h of receiver crop s was increased at lower concentrations of garlic root aqueous extract s, and decreased at higher concentration. In t he liquid co2cult ure system,after 30 day cult ure,garlic root exu2 dates could significantly promote chlorop hyll a,chlorop hyll b and chlorop hyll content,p hotosynthetic rate and root activity of tomato and hot pepper ;chlorop hyll content of hot pepper was significantly higher than control. The POD content in leaves of tomato and hot pepper was significantly lower t han control. There was no significant difference in p rotective enzymes. The whole perfo rmance of garlic root exudates was t he promotion effect on growt h of tomato and hot pepper,and promotion effect of hot pepper was stronger than t hat of tomato. Key words : allelopat hy ;root aqueous extract s ;root exudates ;garlic,,, [123 ], [ 4 ], [526 ], ( ) ; [ 7 ], 3[ ] [ ] (2004BA516A09) ; (05ych014) [ ] ( ),,,, com [ ] ( ),,,,,

2 88 () 35 () 20 cm 50 d,( ), [8 ],, [9 ],,, ( A lli um sati v um L. ),,, ; ( SOD) NB T [14 ],(NB T) 50 % (U/ g) [14 ] ; [10212 ], ( POD) [ 14 ],,, 2, ( ) ; ( L ycopersicon esculent um M., 908) ( Ca psicum annuum L., ) 1. 2,2 cm 20 g,500 ml, 2 d, g/ ml, (0. 005,0. 008,0. 01,0. 02, g/ ml), ml, 2,,, g/ L30 min,3, lx, 3, 2 d ( ) 2 ml,,10 d, 1. 4, ( T2 C K) ( T2G) ( H2 C K) ( H2G) 4, 3 33 cm 12 cm,, 20, 2 10, Hoagland and Snyder, 5 d 1,30 d 1. 5 (MDA) [13 ] OD ( U/ g) ; (CA T) H2 O2 [14 ], OD (U/ g) ; [13 ] ; L I26400 ; [13 ] DPS (V3. 11 ),, X ( ij), : X ( ij) = X ij - X j min X j max - X j min : X ( ij) i j ; X ij i j ; X j max X j min j ,,,

3 10 : 89, g/ ml, ; g/ ml, ; g/ ml,, g/ ml, ; g/ ml, ;, g/ ml,, ; g/ ml,,, ; g/ ml,, g/ ml, 1 Table 1 Effect of garlic root aqueous extracts on seed germination and seedling growth of receiver crops Receiver crops Tomato Hot pepper / (g ml - 1 ) Concentration / % Germination rate Germination index / cm / (mg - 1 ) Root freshweight 0 (CK) ba ba ba a aa aa aba a ba ba aa a ba cb aba a ba cbc aba a cb dcd ba a cb dd cb a 0 (CK) ba a aba ba bab a aba aba aa a aa aba aa a aa aa bcb a ba aba bcb a aba ba cb a cb cb : 5 % 1 % Note : Different small and capital letters indicate significant difference at 5 % and 1 % level, respectively. The same as below. 2. 2,,, ;,, 2, g/ ml,, g/ ml ; g/ ml,,, , g/ ml,, g/ ml ; g/ ml, 2 Table 2 Allelopathic concentration evaluation of aqueous extracts of garlic root Receiver crops Tomato Concentration Germination rate Germination index Subjection value Root fresh weight Total 0 (CK) Allelopat hy

4 90 () 35 2 Continue table 2 Receiver crops Hot pepper Concentration Germination rate Germination index Subjection value Root fresh weight Total 0 (CK) Allelopat hy : + ; - Note : + and - in the last column in the table mean promotion effect and inhibition effect,respectively d, 2 3, ; %, % %, 5. 5 %, ;,, %, Table 3 Effect of garlic root exudates on plant growth of tomato and hot pepper Treat ment () Tomato (Control) 2Tomato2garlic () Hot pepper (Control) 2Hot pepper2garlic / cm Plant height / cm / g Top fresh weight / g Root fresh weight a a a a a a a a a a a b a a a a 2. 4, a b, a 1, 2 1 Fig. 1 Effect of garlic root exudates on chlorophyll content of tomato and hot pepper 5 % 1 % Different small and capital English letters above the column indicate significant difference at 5 % and 1 % level,respectively. 1, a b,a 2 Fig. 2 Effect of garlic root exudates on photosynt hetic of tomato and hot pepper 5 % 1 % Different small and capital English letters above the column indicate significant difference at 5 % and 1 % level,respectively., % ; a b

5 10 : 91, %, % %, 2, % %, 2. 5,,,,, 3, %,; %,,, 2. 6, 4 4, MDA, [2 ],,,,, SOD POD CA T 3,,, CA T,, POD,1 1,,, 3 Fig. 3 Effect of garlic root exudates on root activity of tomato and hot pepper 4 MDA Table 4 Effect of garlic root exudates on enzymes in leaves of tomato and hot pepper Treat ment () Tomato (Control) 2Tomato2garlic () Hot pepper (Control) 2Hot pepper2garlic MDA / (mmol g - 1 ) MDA content / (U g - 1 ) Enzyme activity SOD POD CA T a a a a a a b a a a a a a a b a [15218 ],,,,, g/ ml,, ; g/ ml,, , 3. 2,,

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