Effect of different foliar fertilizers on growth of Capsicum annuum L.

Transcription

1 2009, 32 (2) : Journal of N anjing A gricultural U niversity http: / / nauxb1njau1edu1cn,,,. [ J ]., 2009, 32 (2) : 76281, 3,,, (, ) :,,,, 1210% 2416%, N P K,,,, C,,,, : ; ; ; : S64113; S143 : A : (2009) Effect of different foliar fertilizers on growth of Capsicum annuum L. L I Rui2hai, HUANG Q i2wei 3, XU Yang2chun, YANG Xing2m ing, SHEN Q i2rong (College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing , China) Ab stra c t: A pot experiment was carried out to study the effects of different foliar fertilizers on the growth and yield and quality of Capsicum annuum L. The results obtained were listed as follows: the app lication of different foliar fertilizers could increase chili yield, 1210% 22416% higher than that of water control, and markedly increase N, P and K contents in the p lants. The foliar app lications of suitable concentration of brassinolide and nutrient substance significantly increased p lant growth, enhanced chloro2 phyll content and net photosynthetic rate of chili leaves and increased the biomass of p lants, imp roved contents of vitam in C, solu2 ble sugar and decreased the content of nitrate in chili fruit, imp rove significantly the fruit quality. The rational m ixture of nutrient substance and m icroelements with brassinolide had the most op timum results in effects of stimulating its growth, increasing the yield and imp roving fruit quality. Key wo rd s: foliar fertilizer; chili (Capsicum annuum L. ) ; growth; yield [ 1 ], [ 2 ],,, [ 3 ],, 60%, [ 4 ],, C, [ 5 ] [ 3-7 ],,, ;, ;,,,,,, : : (2006BAD10B09) :, 3 :,,, E2mail: qwhuang@ njau1edu1cn

2 2, : ( ), : 8715 mg kg mg kg mg kg g kg - 1 ph 6182 (N, 46% ) ( P 2 O 5, 16% ) ( K 2 O, 60% ) ( K 2 O, 5410% ), ( ) ; ( 211% P 2 O 5 518% K 2 O 119% 3418% ) : 1: ; 2: ( 44195%, 200 g L - 1 ) + ( S2240, 1 ml L - 1, ) ; 3: + ; 4: + (0110 ml L - 1 ) + ; 5: + (01075 ml L - 1 ) + ; 6: + (0105 ml L - 1 ) + ; 7: + (0110 ml L - 1 ) + + ( Fe Cu Mn 60 g L - 1, Zn 80 g L - 1 ) B (, 100 g L - 1 ) + KH 2 PO 4 (150 g L - 1 ), FeSO 4 7H 2 O CuSO 4 5H 2 O MnSO 4 7H 2 O ZnSO 4 7H 2 O, ( 19 cm, 18 cm), 310 kg, 1510 g ( ) 415 g , 1, 4 2, 0120 g, 0130 g, (6 25 ) (7 20 ), 3, 7 7 ( ) 1, 7 17, , 250 ml, 8 15, ph [ 8 ], ( 7 6 ), 3,, L I d 95% [ 9 ], 3 2 d 1, a b 11314,, /, 1 2 C : 2, 62 [ 9 ] ; : [ 9 ] ; : [ 9 ] 114 Excel2000 SPSS , g, 017% 811%, ( ) 1210% 2416% 7, % 416% 917% ; 4, 2 3, 1010%,, 4 7,,,

3 78 32 : 1 Ta b le 1 Effec ts o f d iffe ren t tre a tm e n ts o n the yie ld o f ch ili Treatment /g Single fruit weight / Fruit amount per p lant /g Yield per p lant d a c cd a bc c a bc b a a bc a a bc a c a a a 1) 5% Values followed by different superscrip t letters in a column are significantly dif2 ferent at 0105 level using LSD test. 2) 1. W ater control; 2. 2 Treatment 2: Am ino acids ( 200 g L - 1 ) + surfactant ( S2240, 1 ml L - 1 ) ; 3. 3 Treatment 3: Nutrient substance + surfactant; 4. 4 Treatment 4: Nutrient substance +BRs ( brassinolide) (0110 ml L - 1 ) + surfactant; 5. 5 Treatment 5: Nutrient substance + BR s ( ml L - 1 ) + surfactant; 6. 6 Treatment 6: Nutrient substance +BR s (0105 ml L - 1 ) + surfactant; 7. 7 Treatment 7: Nutrient substance +BR s (0110 ml L - 1 ) +m icroele2 ments ( Fe, Cu, Mn 60 g L - 1, Zn 80 g L - 1 ) + surfactant A ll treatments were respectively diluted one thousand multip le by adding water. 212 The same as follows cm, Ta b le 2 Effec ts o f d iffe ren t tre a tm e n ts o n b io lo g ica l p rop2 e rtie s o f ch ili p lan t, cm, 213% 1819% ( 2) ( ) 2, 7,, 0172 cm, cm Treatment /cm Height increment / B ranch number /cm Stem diameter increment d b c d b c cd b bc b a ab bc ab bc c ab b a a a, 4 7 ( 2) , ( 1), a 111% 813%, b 814% 1910% 7 4 b 1 2; 7 a b, 4 117% 114% , a 513% 514% 116% 218%, b 812% 513% 419% 512%, ( 4 5 6) F ig11 Effe c ts o f d iffe ren t tre a tm e n ts o n ch lo rop hyll co n2 ten t o f ch ili le ave s 2 F ig12 Effec ts o f d iffe re n t trea tm en ts o n ne t p ho to syn the t2 ic ra te o f ch ili lea ve s

4 2, : 79 2, mol m - 2 s - 1, (7192 mol m - 2 s - 1 ) 1414% 4610% 7, , ( 3), 913% 3016%, 312% 2410%, ( ) 7, 4 5 6, 517% 1112% 918%, 314% 912% 715%, 4, 2 3 B P K,, Treatment 3 Ta b le 3 Effec ts o f d iffe ren t trea tm en ts o n p lan t w e igh t o f ch ili g p lant - 1 Fresh weight Shoot Root Plant D ry weight Shoot Root Plant c d c cd b c ab b bc bc bc bc a a C 1 C 2, C ( 3) 2 C mg kg - 1, 2 (34211 mg kg - 1 ) 7, 4 5 6, 511% 713% 1315%, 4, % 2317% 1214% , ( 6 ) 1 2 1,, 410% 3018% 7, 4, 2 5 6, 2518% 1316% 2114% 3 C 4 F ig13 Effec ts o f d iffe re n t tre a tm e n ts o n the co n te n t o f F ig14 Effe c ts o f d iffe re n t trea tm en ts o n the co n ten t o f vitam in C in ch ili so lub le suga r in ch ili , 1 2 ( ),

5 F ig15 Effec ts o f d iffe re n t tre a tm e n ts o n the co n te n t o f n itra te in ch ili N P K F ig16 Effec ts o f d iffe ren t trea tm en ts o n the up ta ke o f N, P a nd K in ch ili p lan ts, ( 6) g, (0137 g) 311% 4418%, ( 2 ) 7, g, ( 0123 g) 518% 2812% 7, % 1119% 1013%, 4 2 3, mg, ( mg) 711% 3010% , 1312% 1816% 1614%, 3 311,,, [ ] [ 6 ], BR s (0110 mg kg - 1 ),, [ 7 ], 2120,,,,, Fe Cu Zn Mn,,, 714%, [ 12 ] 312 [ 2 ],,, N P K,, C,, ( 7),,, 1 2,, 2, 15 d, 1, 2,, [ ], C B

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