Oikos. Appendix 1 OIK-05339
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1 Oikos OIK-59 Paseka, R. E. and Grunberg, R. L. 18. Allometric and traitbased patterns in parasite stoichiometry. Oikos doi: /oik.59 Appendix 1 Figure A1. Phylogeny of all parasites sampled (constructed using data from the Open Tree of Life and the mean values of %C, %N, and %P for each species.
2 Figure A. Mean values (± SE of elemental variables when taxa are grouped by functional feeding group. ANCOVA results indicate that functional feeding group does not correspond to any elemental variables after accounting for body size. %C 5 1 %N %P C:N absorber blood sucker grazer non feeding C:P absorber blood sucker grazer non feeding 5 1 N:P absorber blood sucker grazer non feeding Functional feeding group
3 Figure A. Mean values (± SE of elemental variables when taxa are grouped by trophic level. x- axis values reflect numeric trophic level categories assigned to each parasite (,, or consumer based on community observations. ANCOVA results indicate that trophic level does not correspond to any elemental variables after accounting for body size. %C 5 1 %N %P C:N C:P N:P Trophic level
4 Figure A. Regressions of %P against body mass for individual taxa. Each point represents the measured dry mass and %P content for one individual parasite. Regression lines are shown for species with a significant relationship (p <.5 between individual %P and body size. Regression coefficients are given in Supplementary material Appendix 1Table A. log 1 %P..... Eustrongylides sp. Placobdella sp. C. marginatum Philometra (adult Philometra (imm log 1 individual body mass (mg
5 Figure A5. Intraspecific comparisons of parasite elemental content between adult and larval forms. Dark bars indicate adults, and light bars indicate larval or immature worms. Asterisks above bars denote significant differences between stages (Student s t-test, p <.5. %C 5 * %N 1 * 1 8 * %P 1.5 * 1. * * * 5 * 5 * * * * * C:N 1 C:P N. cylindratus A. tahlequahensis Philometra N. cylindratus A. tahlequahensis Philometra 1 N. cylindratus A. tahlequahensis Philometra N:P
6 Table A1. Results from ordinary least-squares (OLS and phylogenetic generalized least squares (PGLS models for parasite %P and C:P against body size. PGLS models were constructed with a fixed λ of (comparable to an OLS model, a fixed λ of 1 (retains Brownian motion, and a λ derived using maximum likelihood. Regression coefficients from OLS models differ slightly from those given in Table because multiple life cycle stages were collapsed into individual observations for each parasite species during the construction of PGLS models and subsequent comparison with OLS models. Relationship Model Slope Slope estimate SE p-value AIC %P ~ size PGLS, λ = < PGLS, λ = -.9. < PGLS, ML λ < OLS -.9. < C:P ~ size PGLS, λ = PGLS, λ = PGLS, ML λ OLS
7 Table A. Results of ANCOVA for stoichiometric variables, using phylum as a factor and body size as a covariate. Bold text indicates statistically significant relationships (p <.5. Response Predictors df F-value p-value %C body size phylum body size phylum %N body size phylum body size phylum 1.9. %P body size phylum..119 body size phylum C:N body size phylum.97. body size phylum C:P body size <.1 phylum body size phylum N:P body size <.1 phylum body size phylum.11.98
8 Table A. Results of ANCOVA for stoichiometric variables, using life cycle stage as a factor and body size as a covariate. Bold text indicates statistically significant relationships (p <.5. Response Predictors df F-value p-value %C body size stage body size stage..97 %N body size stage.577. body size stage %P body size stage..9 body size stage C:N body size stage.1.1 body size stage C:P body size 1 7. <.1 stage body size stage N:P body size <.1 stage body size stage.8.51
9 Table A. Results of ANCOVA for stoichiometric variables, using functional feeding group as a factor and body size as a covariate. Bold text indicates statistically significant relationships (p <.5. Response Predictors df F-value p-value %C body size feeding group body size feeding group %N body size feeding group body size feeding group %P body size feeding group body size feeding group C:N body size feeding group body size feeding group C:P body size <.1 feeding group body size feeding group.8.85 N:P body size 1 1. <.1 feeding group.7.8 body size feeding group.5.788
10 Table A5. Results of ANCOVA for stoichiometric variables, using trophic level as a factor and body size as a covariate. Bold text indicates statistically significant relationships (p <.5. Response Predictors df F-value p-value %C body size trophic level body size trophic level %N body size trophic level body size trophic level %P body size trophic level body size trophic level C:N body size trophic level body size trophic level C:P body size 1.88 <.1 trophic level body size trophic level N:P body size <.1 trophic level body size trophic level
11 Table A. Scaling of parasite stoichiometry with body size within individual species. The sample sizes, slopes (standard error, intercepts (standard error, r -values, p-values are indicated for the results of each linear regression performed on log1-transformed data. Bold text indicates statistically significant relationships (p <.5. Bracketed letters following species names indicate phylum: [A] = Annelida, [N] = Nematoda, [P] = Platyhelminthes. %C %N %P Species n slope int. r p slope int. r p slope int. r p Clinostomum <. marginatum 9 (.75 ( (.8 (..87 (.1 (. 1 [P] Eustrongylide s sp. [N] 1 Placobdella sp. [A] 1 Philometra sp. (eye [N] 1 Philometra sp. (body cavity [N] -.7 (.1.1 (.1.1 ( (. 1.8 ( ( ( ( (.55.1 ( ( (.1.77 (..987 ( (..98 ( ( (..18 (.7.5 ( ( (. -.9 (.1.1 (
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