B.Sc. MICROBIOLOGY SYLLABUS

Transcription

1 B.Sc. MICROBIOLOGY SYLLABUS Kadi Sarva Vishwavidyalaya, Gandhinagar B. Sc. Microbiology

2 Course Description: This course is designed to enable students to acquire understanding of fundamentals of Microbiology. The course provides practical training on microbiology techniques and processes to extract useful knowledge in the areas of biodiversity, microbial physiology, environmental microbiology, industrial microbiology etc. for upcoming industries and institutes. It also provides opportunities for developing new microbial products and techniques for the benefit of life sciences. COURSE STRUCTURE: Year Semester Paper Paper Name Marks Practical Total Marks B.Sc I I CMB-101 Fundamentals of Microbiology II CMB-201 Microbial physiology B.Sc II III CMB-301 Microbial Biochemistry CMB-302 Immunology IV CMB-401 Microbial Metabolism CMB-402 Medical Microbiology B.Sc III V CMB-501 Environmental Microbiology CMB-502 Industrial Microbiology CMB-503 Analytical Techniques in Microbiology CMB-504 Microbial Genetics VI CMB-601 Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering CMB-602 Bioinformatics and Biostatistics CMB-603 Microbial Diversity CMB-604 Applied Microbiology

3 Semester I B. Sc Microbiology Subject code Study components Instructions Hrs / week Internal University Exam Total Credit Semester I Examination Fundamentals of Microbiology Microbiology Practical I CBI-101 Fundamentals Of Botany-I PBI- Botany Practical-I Fundamentals of Chemistry-I Chemistry Practical I Basic English - I EGC-101 Communication Skills - I CMB- 101 PMB- 101 CCH- 101 PCH- 101 FCG-101 EMB- 101 A-Biological Evolution B - Mycology

4 CMB 101- Fundamentals of Microbiology RATIONALE: This course is designed to enable students to acquire basic understanding of the microbiological world, its origin and structure to help the potential application of the unexplored and unidentified organisms in the industry. LEARNING OUTCOMES: Understand the concept of origin of life, bacterial classification. Develop an understanding of the biodiversity and awareness of the microbes. Gain knowledge about the structure, function and applications of the bacterial cell. TEACHING AND EVALUATION SCHEME: The objective of evaluation is not only to measure the performance of students, but also to motivate them for better performance. Students are eval uated on the basis of Mid Term examinations for 30 marks and End Term Examination conducted by University examination for 70 marks. Subject Code Subject Title Credits Theory Total Hrs. Max Marks Marks CMB- 101 Fundamentals of Microbiology Mid Term End Term COURSE CONTENT Number of lectures: 12 Weightage: 25% Unit 1: History, Taxonomy and Classification: History of microbiology- Contributions of pioneers. Introduction to major groups of microorganisms and fields of Microbiology. Spontaneous generation versus biogenesis hypothesis. Whittaker s classification system of prokaryotes. Introduction to Bergey s manual of determinative and systematic classification. Bacterial nomenclature. Unit 2 Number of lectures: 12 Weightage: 25% Microscopy and Staining Techniques Bright Field, Dark Field, Phase Contrast, Fluorescence and Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy. Stains and staining techniques- Stains and Dyes: classification and types. Types of staining- Simple (Monochrome, Negative), Differential (Gram and Acid fast).

5 Unit 3 Number of lectures: 12 Weightage: 25% Morphology of Bacteria Size, shape and arrangement of bacterial cells. Structures external to cell wall- Flagella, pili, capsule, sheath and prosthecae. Structures internal to cell wall- Cell membrane, nuclear material, cell wall (Protoplast and Spheroplast), spores, cytoplasmic inclusions, magnetosomes and plasmids. Unit 4 Number of lectures: 12 Weightage: 25% Introduction to acellular forms of life Introduction to viruses, viroids and prions. Structure of animal, plant and bacterial viruses. Classification and cultivation of viruses. Multiplication of bacterial viruses (lytic and lysogenic cycles). REFERENCES: 1. Microbiology, Authors- Pelczar, Chan and Kreig. 2. Microbiology- an Introduction- (8th Edn), Authors- Tortora, G.J., Funke, B.R., Case, C.L. 3. General Microbiology, Authors- Stainer RY. Ingharam JL. Wheelis ML. Painter PR 4. Biology of Microorganisms, Authors- Brock and Madigan. 5. Fundamental Principles of Bacteriology, Author- A.J. Salle. 6. Introduction to Microbiology, Authors- Ingraham and Ingraham. 7. Microbial Physiology, Authors- Moat and Foster. 8. Prokaryotic Development Authors- Brun, Y.V. and Shimkets, L.J. 2000, ASM Press. 9. Elementary Microbiology, Author- H. A. Modi 10. Textbook of Microbiology, Authors- Dubey and Maheshwari. 11. Microbiology, A Practical Approach. Authors- Patel and Phanse 12. Experiments in Biotechnology. Authors- Nighojkar and Nighojkar 13. General Microbiology, Authors- Powar and Daginawala. 14. Fundamentals in Microbiology, Authors- Frobisher and Hinsdinn. 15. Microbiology, Author- S.S. Purohit. 16. Immunology, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Author- K.C. Soni. INSTRUCTION STRATEGIES 1. Interactions with the students to understand the level of students 2. Explaining & Discussing the major terminologies related to Microbiology

6 3. Teaching the topics included in the syllabus with the help of teaching aids like OHP, LCD (Power point presentation), Notes, Question Banks, References and Reprints / Copy of Articles, Models, Diagrams 4. Assistance in solving of questions from our question bank. TEACHING AND EXAMINATION UNIT Examination Scheme %Weightage Teaching Scheme No. of Lecture Unit Unit Unit Unit Total

7 Semester I Practical- PMB 101 RATIONALE: This course is designed to enable students to acquire on hand basic understanding of the microbiological world, its origin and structure to help the potential application of the unexplored and unidentified organisms in the industry. These practicals make the students capable and competent to work in Microbiology related industries. LEARNING OUTCOMES: Understand the concept of origin of life, bacterial classification. Develop an understanding of the biodiversity and awareness of the microbes. Gain knowledge about the structure, function and applications of the bacterial cell. TEACHING AND EVALUATION SCHEME: The objective of evaluation is not only to measure the performance of students, but also to motivate them for better performance. General viva-voce will be conducted to analyze the knowledge of the student. Subject Code Subject Title Credits Practical Total Hrs. Max Marks Marks PMB- 101 Microbiology Practicals I 2 6 (6 hrs & 1 Days) LIST OF EXPERIMENTS 1. Principles and working knowledge of instruments like autoclave, ph meter, incubator, hot air oven, centrifuge, microscope and colony counter. 2. Staining techniques- Monochrome staining, Negative staining. 3. Differential Staining Gram Staining 4. Special Staining Techniques- Cell wall, Capsule, Spore, Granules, Spirochete staining 5. Motility by hanging drop method. 6. Use of counting chamber for bacterial count. REFERENCES: 1. Experimental Microbiology R.J.Patel 2. Laboratory excercises in Microbiology Robert.A.Pollack 3. Laboratory excercises in Microbiology Harley Prescott 4. Experimental Microbiology Arora and Arora

8 INSTRUCTION STRATEGIES 1. Explanation of Principles, protocols, expected result trends, handling of instruments and equipments, precautions and safety measures in class and demonstration of important steps. 2. Monitoring of the students performing the experiments. 3. Evaluation of results of each experiment.

9 Semester II B. Sc Microbiology Subject code Study components Instructions Hrs / week Internal University Exam Total Credit Semester II Examination Fundamentals of Microbiology-II Microbiology Practical-II CBI-201 Fundamentals OF Botany-II PBI- Botany Practical - II CMB- 201 PMB- 201 CCH- 201 PCH Fundamentals of Chemistry II Chemistry Practical - II FCG Basic English - II EGC-201 Communication Skills - II EMB- A Bacterial Taxonomy B Virology

10 CMB 201- Microbial Physiology RATIONALE: This course is designed to enable students to acquire basic understanding of the microbiological physiology and nutrition and its metabolic diversity. LEARNING OUTCOMES: Understand the concept of nutrition of the bacteria. Develop an understanding of the growth and various parameters affecting to the growth. Gain knowledge about the microbial control and their inhibition.. TEACHING AND EVALUATION SCHEME: The objective of evaluation is not only to measure the performance of students, but also to motivate them for better performance. Students are evaluated on the basis of Mid Term examinations for 30 marks and End Term Examination conducted by University examination for 70 marks. Subject Code Subject Title Credits Theory Total Hrs. Max Marks Marks CMB- 201 COURSE CONTENT Microbial Physiology Mid Term End Term Number of lectures: 12 Weightage: 25% Unit 1: Cultivation and Pure Culture Techniques Nutrition and nutritional types of bacteria. Classification of bacteria on the basis of growth supporting environmental factors such as Oxygen, Temperature, ph, osmotic pressure, Salt and Hydrostatic pressure. Bacteriological media (types and uses), cultivation of aerobic and anaerobic microbes. Isolation of microorganisms, pure culture and cultural characteristics. Unit 2 Number of lectures: 12 Microbial Growth Weightage: 25% Introduction to growth rate, generation time. Criteria for growth measurement: Cell mass and Cell number. Methods of their measurement. Normal growth curve of bacteria. Continuous growth and synchronous growth Efficiency of growth, growth yield, maintenance of energy. Effect of environmental factors on growth

11 Unit 3 Number of lectures: 4 Weightage: 15% Measurement and Preservation Methods Quantitative measurement of bacterial growth by cell mass, cell number and cell activity. Maintenance and preservation of cultures. Unit 4 Number of lectures: 20 Weightage: 35% Control of Microorganisms Concept of sterilization, disinfection, aseptic and sanitation. Physical methods of control- Temperature, radiation, desiccation, osmotic pressure, filtration. Chemical methods of control- Phenol, alcohol, halogens, heavy metals, dyes, detergents, quaternary ammonium compounds, aldehydes and gaseous chemosterilizers. Evaluation of antimicrobial potency of disinfectants and antiseptics- Tube dilution, Agar diffusion. Phenol coefficient. REFERENCES: 1. Microbiology, Authors- Pelczar, Chan and Kreig. 2. Microbiology- an Introduction- (8th Edn), Authors- Tortora, G.J., Funke, B.R., Case, C.L. 3. General Microbiology, Authors- Stainer RY. Ingharam JL. Wheelis ML. Painter PR 4. Biology of Microorganisms, Authors- Brock and Madigan. 5. Fundamental Principles of Bacteriology, Author- A.J. Salle. 6. Introduction to Microbiology, Authors- Ingraham and Ingraham. 7. Microbial Physiology, Authors- Moat and Foster. 8. Prokaryotic Development Authors- Brun, Y.V. and Shimkets, L.J. 2000, ASM Press. 9. Elementary Microbiology, Author- H. A. Modi 10. Textbook of Microbiology, Authors- Dubey and Maheshwari. 11. Microbiology, A Practical Approach. Authors- Patel and Phanse 12. Experiments in Biotechnology. Authors- Nighojkar and Nighojkar 13. General Microbiology, Authors- Powar and Daginawala. 14. Fundamentals in Microbiology, Authors- Frobisher and Hinsdinn. 15. Microbiology, Author- S.S. Purohit. 16. Immunology, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Author- K.C. Soni. 17. Microbiology, Author- R.P.Singh INSTRUCTION STRATEGIES 1. Interactions with the students to understand the level of students 2. Explaining & Discussing the major terminologies related to Microbiology

12 3. Teaching the topics included in the syllabus with the help of teaching aids like OHP, LCD (Power point presentation), Notes, Question Banks, References and Reprints / Copy of Articles, Models, Diagrams 4. Assistance in solving of questions from our question bank. TEACHING AND EXAMINATION UNIT Examination Scheme %Weightage Teaching Scheme No. of Lecture Unit Unit Unit Unit Total

13 Semester II Practical- PMB 201 RATIONALE: This course is designed to enable students to acquire basic understanding of the microbiological physiology and nutrition and its metabolic diversity. LEARNING OUTCOMES: Understand the concept of nutrition of the bacteria. Develop an understanding of the growth and various parameters affecting to the growth. Gain knowledge about the microbial control and their inhibition.. TEACHING AND EVALUATION SCHEME: The objective of evaluation is not only to measure the performance of students, but also to motivate them for better performance. General viva-voce will be conducted to analyze the knowledge of the student. Subject Code Subject Title Credits Practical Total Hrs. Max Marks Marks PMB- 201 Microbiology Practical-II 2 6 (6 hrs & 1Days) LIST OF EXPERIMENTS LIST OF EXPERIMENTS 1. Preparation of solid and liquid culture media and their sterilization. 2. Growth of bacteria on agar slant, agar stab, Petri plate and in broth. 3. Isolation of microorganisms by pour plate method. 4. Effect of U.V. light on Bacteria 5. Effect of antibiotics on microbes 6. To study effect of chemicals on microbes 7. Effect of temperature on bacterial growth. 8. Effect of ph on bacterial growth. 9. Effect of osmotic pressure (salt and sugar concentration) on bacterial growth. 10. The oligodynamic action of heavy metals on bacterial growth.

14 REFERENCES: 1. Advances in Microbial Physiology A. H.Rose 2. Applied Microbial Physiology - Rhodes 3. Bacterial Physiology and Metabolism R.J.Sokath 4. Experimental Microbiology Arora and Arora 5. Bacterial Cell Structure Rogers 6. Experimental Microbiology R.J.Patel INSTRUCTION STRATEGIES 1. Explanation of Principles, protocols, expected result trends, handling of instruments and equipments, precautions and safety measures in class and demonstration of important steps. 2. Monitoring of the students performing the experiments. 3. Evaluation of results of each experiment.

15 EMB 101-A Biological evolution Elective Papers Semester I Subject Code Subject Title Credits Theory Total Hrs. Max Marks Marks End Term EMB- 101-A Biological evolution COURSE CONTENT Number of lectures: 12 Weightage: 50% Unit 1: Theories of evolution: Charles Darwin, Landmark and Wallace. Chemical and biological evolution., Five kingdom classification system. Understanding Species: Concept of Species and Speciation, Morphological and Biological explanation, Types of Speciation, Rates of Speciation Unit 2 Number of lectures: 12 Weightage: 50% Isolation: Concept of Isolation, Mechanism of Isolation, Factor responsible for isolation, Types of Isolation. Reproductive isolation, Types of Reproductive isolation, Role of Reproductive isolation in species formation. Adaptation: Concept of Adaptation, Types of Adaptation Adaptation and predators, adaptation and population. REFERENCES: 1. Microbiology, Authors- Pelczar, Chan and Kreig. 2. Microbiology- an Introduction- (8th Edn), Authors- Tortora, G.J., Funke, B.R., Case, C.L. 3. General Microbiology, Authors- Stainer, Ingharam, Wheelis and Painter. 4. General Microbiology, Authors- Stainer RY. Ingharam JL. Wheelis ML. Painter PR 5. Biology of Microorganisms, Authors- Brock and Madigan. 6. Fundamental Principles of Bacteriology, Author- A.J. Salle. TEACHING AND EXAMINATION UNIT Examination Scheme %Weightage Teaching Scheme No. of Lecture Unit Unit Total

16 EMB 101-B Mycology Subject Code Subject Title Credits Theory Total Hrs. Max Marks End Term Marks EMB- 101-B Mycology COURSE CONTENT Unit 1: Fungi- Introduction, Distinguish features of fungi. Morphology,Reproduction- Sexual and Asexual reproduction Classification of fungi. Number of lectures: 12 Weightage: 50% Unit 2 Number of lectures: 12 Weightage: 50% Ecological imperfect fungi Cultivation of fungi. Molds and their association with other organisms Micorrhizas REFERENCES: 1. Microbiology, Authors- Pelczar, Chan and Kreig. 2. Microbiology- an Introduction- (8th Edn), Authors- Tortora, G.J., Funke, B.R., Case, C.L. 3. Mycology By Alexopolus 4. The fungi by M.J.Carlile, 1994 TEACHING AND EXAMINATION UNIT Examination Scheme %Weightage Teaching Scheme No. of Lecture Unit Unit Total

17 Semester II 201-A Bacterial taxonomy Subject Code Subject Title Credits Theory Total Hrs. Max Marks Marks EMB- 201-A Bacterial taxonomy End Term COURSE CONTENT Number of lectures: 12 Weightage: 50% Unit 1: History, Fundamental and new approaches to bacterial taxonomy and nomenclature, Bacterial phylogeny, Bacterial taxonomy :phylogenetic position of microorganisms. Archaea. Introduction to Methanogens, Halophiles, Thermoacidophiles, Psychrophiles, Acidophiles, Alkalophiles, Unit 2 Number of lectures: 12 Weightage:50% Bacteria: Gram negative cocci and rods, Gram positive cocci and rods Morphologically different prokaryote, such as mycoplasmas, mycobacteria, nokardioform or mycelium forming bacteria Intracellular parasites from Ricketsia group. REFERENCES: 1. Microbiology by Pelczar, ECS Chan and Krieg 2. Introduction of Microbiology By Ingraham 3. T. D. Brock, M. T. Madigan, J. M. Martinko, & J. Parker Biology of Microorganisms, 7th ed. (New Jersey: Prentice Hall). TEACHING AND EXAMINATION UNIT Examination Scheme %Weightage Teaching Scheme No. of Lecture Unit Unit Total

18 201-B Virology Subject Code Subject Title Credits Theory Total Hrs. Max Marks End Term Marks EMB- 201-B Virology Course Content Unit 1 Discovery and Significance of Virus General characteristics, Structure of viruses, Types of Capsids, Morphology and structure, Viral nucleic acids and their types. Modes of phage multiplication: Lytic cycle (T4) and Lysogenic cycle (λ) Number of lectures: 12 Weightage: 50% Unit 2 Number of lectures: 12 Weightage: 50% General nature of Animal viruses and HIV virus as example of animal virus. General nature of Plant viruses and TMV virus as example of plant virus. Viroids, Prions and Oncogenes REFERENCES: 1. Microbiology by Pelczar, ECS Chan and Krieg 2. Microbiology by Robert Bawman 3. Microbiology by Tortora. TEACHING AND EXAMINATION UNIT Examination Scheme %Weightage Teaching Scheme No. of Lecture Unit Unit Total