Smart Grid Opportunities Being Pursued. Stephanie Hamilton Brookhaven National Laboratory June 5, 2013

Transcription

1 Smart Grid Opportunities Being Pursued Stephanie Hamilton Brookhaven National Laboratory June 5, 2013

2 OUR DREAM!! BNL s Smarter Electric Grid Research, Innovation, Development. Demonstration, Deployment Center (SGRID 3 ) will be universal With the vision of model-forward, SGRID 3 will provide the facility and focus on the Northeast electric grid with modeling and simulation using of actual power systems in real time operation Integrated System Models Historical and real time data and measurements Geographically-based information Component Models Simulations of grid impacts of natural & unnatural events Developing and testing advanced micro-grid management strategies strategies SGRID 3 via its Advanced Electrical Grid Innovation support (AEGIS) Center will allow utilities to monitor and model their grids in real time a capability that currently does not exist. Develop knowledge that will guide future utility investments in the electrical transmission and distribution systems in the Northeast. Provide computing capability for grid studies with simulation focused on natural and unnatural events Slide 2

3 What would you like to know about the distribution system, but were afraid to ask? Where is generation embedded that I can call on? What size loads are out there and where are they? Are those loads really quirky, but highly critical or high-profile? Where are my sources of VARS and what s their profile? Where are millions of A/C embedded that will crank up at one time and start sagging my transmission? Where is demand response when I need it and can I really count on it when I needed it? Would you be interested in helping create an R&D Distribution Control Center for Smarter Grid? Slide 3

4 Smart Grid Distribution Automation Using Model-Centric Control with Cost/ Benefit Analysis Orange & Rockland Utilities Charlie Scirbona Electric Power Research Institute Jeff Roark Brookhaven National Lab Stephanie Hamilton Electrical Distribution Design Robert Broadwater

5 Know thy system! Use one, detailed, root model for all analysis, from planning to real-time analysis and control, maintained in synch with physical models Slide 5

6 Integrated System Model Concept ISM Living Model Concept Real-time integrated analysis: Transmission Distribution Customer load GIS Up-to-date Geospatial mapping of utility system components. GIS Technology Data All measurement data Customer Load, SCADA, Switch change, Outage Data, Weather Data, Field Reports, GIS Updates, etc. ISM Exact, precise, integrated representation of utility system. ISM Algorithms Algorithms Proven on IEEE Standard Models. Run in real-time on detailed model of entire T&D system. The utility s ISM is the only, real and true representation of its electrical and geospatial physical system Slide 6

7 The study examines a complex project in stages, addressing a series of Cost/Benefit Analysis questions Stacking Order of CBA Questions Cost of Controls controllers, sensors, installation, O&M Cost of DA controllers, reclosers, installation, O&M Cost of Capacitors controllers, installation, O&M Cost to balance (no hardware) Coordinated Control System Distribution Automation (normal conditions) (storm conditions) Capacitor Design (capacitors on local control) Phase-Balance (no capacitors) Base System (not optimized, some capacitors) Reliability: CHI Efficiency: Losses, kwh, $ Capacity: Peak kw, upgrades Reliability: CHI recovery cost, upgrades Reliability: CHI upgrades, recovery cost Efficiency: Losses, kwh, $ Efficiency: Losses, kwh & $ Peak kw Losses, kwh and $, Peak kw, base upgrades CBA2 CBA1 CBA4 CBA3 CBA 1: 2: 3: 4: To Do what the savings extent do from the Distribution Coordinated benefits of Automation phase capacitors Control balancing outweigh outweigh outweigh its their costs? its costs? its costs? Slide 7

8 Validation of Phase Balancing Amps Phase Balancing Operation Days Slide 8

9 Validation of Capacitor Installations Station Bank 2010 Power Factor 2011 Power Factor Stony Point Stony Point West Haverstraw

10 Comparison for Transformer Failure Manual Switching Reliability Criteria Automated Switching Slide 10

11 Comparison of Interruption Hours by Storm Type Automated Switching Manual Switching H (Temperature > 80 degree) M (32 degree <= Temperature <= 80 degree) L (Temperature < freezing) S (Wind speed > 20 mph) Slide 11

12 Model Centric Approach to DA Relies on the Integrated System Model that replicates the physical electrical system in GIS Distribution Field Devices Private IP Network IGIN Master DSCADA Distribution Operators DEW Control System Historical and real-time data and measurements are used Concentrator XA-21 EMS System Substation Devices System Operators One model for all uses from planning through real time operations ISM Control Network with backbone communications Slide 12

13 Storm Restoration Slide 13

14 Predictive Tools for Forecasting Weather Impact on Utility Electric Systems Gerald Stokes, Associate Laboratory Director, Global and Regional Solutions Directorate Targeted resource deployment Meteorological Data Predictive Analysis

15 Development of statistical model based on historical data Analysis based on meteorological observations and outage data. Primary meteorological data sources are radial Doppler velocity and reflectivity measurements from existing weather radar systems (NWS, JFK). Define a robust statistical model based on relationships between meteorological observations of severe weather conditions, electrical outage information GIS vulnerability mapping. Other meteorological data sources include Numerical Weather Prediction Model output, NWS radiosondes, local surface meteorology stations. Slide 15

16 Automation Effects on Storm Restoration Analysis includes Monte Carlo analysis of storm failures with Reconfiguration for Restoration Only automated switches operated in Automated Model For a given failure, manual switching assumption is 1 hour for crew to operate first switch and 15 minutes for each additional switch operated Assumes automation of 14 feeder system is representative of automation of entire system Configurable analysis tools are needed for Smart Grid analysis Slide 16

17 GIS: Vulnerability map coupled with statistical models Damage-cast * Post-event within one hour, extendable to 0-3 hour forecast Statistical model Weather (radar, etc.) Topography/Hydrology Vegetation Line Equipment Streets and Roads Base layer Vulnerability map Includes electrical equipment info, historical outage, and geophysical parameters Slide 17

18 Development of Tools for Use by Utility Grid Phase 1: Analysis of historical data (damage and meteorological) to generate weather-vulnerability statistical models. Relationships between occurrence of severe weather and damage to the electrical utility infrastructure Calculations of Vulnerability Indices/Maps (VI) Simulations to Design of Distribution Automation to harden (e.g. undergrounding, vegetation management) systems against storms Phase 2: Interface model with real-time threats for operational Damage-cast (1 hour post-event) and Nowcast (0-3 hour forecast) Identification of storm conditions and threat level Prediction of outages based on storm characteristics Based on VI, establish real-time response actions by location Develop survivability plan for affected customers based on VI Slide 18

19 Making use of an integrated real-time system for Dynamic Microgriding Understanding the exact state of the power system With grid in GIS, superimpose critical loads, supply and support systems, such transportation systems Able to drive the dynamic nature of microgrids to stitch the system back together

20 BNL is establishing collaborations and partnerships to enhance its capabilities Category Organizations Industry Modern Grid Solutions University State/Local Govt Organizations Slide 20

21 You re invited! Where: BNL When: July 9-10 Why: Smarter Grid Workshop What: Cost Benefits Results Technical Problem Solving Operational issues Planning options Rate case support for capital expenditures Who: Smarter Grid Aficionados!

22 Comments? Volunteers?