Light. An Introduction
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- Mae Nash
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1 Light An Introduction
2 What is light? Light is a form of energy it can make things move What other form of energy have we dealt with? Heat is also a form of energy Quite often light energy and heat energy go together, what might be examples of this?
3 The Crooke s radiometer and the solar-powered calculator shoe that light is a form of energy Light energy Crooke s Radiometer Kinetic energy Light energy Electrical
4 Heat energy and light energy A lightbulb Fire e.g. a bunsen burner Electric heater Where do we get most of our light energy from? The sun
5 Light is a Form of Energy The Sun the source of energy for plants Indirect source of energy for animals Light Energy
6 Converting light to other energy forms Solar cell: light energy to electrical energy Plants: light energy to chemical energy Sun: light energy to heat energy
7 Light from the sun Remembering what we studied about heat travelling from the sun, what can we say about light from the sun? Light can travel through space What is meant by the speed of light? Light travels at a really high speed.
8 Light If light travels at a speed, it must take time to travel. How come when we switch on a light we can see straight away? Because light travels so fast, in everyday situations, it happens instantly. It takes around eight minutes for light to get from the sun to the earth.
9 Light Speed 300 million metres per second (3x10 8 m/s) Sun Earth (150million miles) takes ~8 minutes Light year distance light travels in 1 year How many seconds in a year? Answer: 9,460,000,000,000km
10
11 Thunder and lightning Thunder and lightning happen at the same time Why do we see the lightning before we hear the thunder? Because sound travels a lot slower than light.
12 Truth or Myth? Light travels in straight lines True, light does travel in straight lines called rays This gives rise to shadows E.g. Rays of a torch travel in straight lines Rays of headlights in a car travel in straight lines Projector rays at a cinema project image onto screen
13 Light travels in straight lines Grand Central Station, New York
14 Rays from the sun traveling in straight lines
15 A beam of light travelling in a straight line
16 Shadows How a shadow is formed behind an object
17 To Show the Formation of Shadows White Sheet/Cardboard Object Torch This also shows that light travels in straight lines.
18 Shadows Rays from the sun traveling through some woods leaving the shadows of the trees behind
19 Shadows Shadows also show that light travels in a straight line When you stand in sunlight, you can see your shadow on the ground Shadows are formed when objects which do not allow light to pass through them are placed in the path of light. The shadow is formed because light cannot pass through you and so the light is blocked from reaching the ground The shadow gives the outline of your body
20 Shadows
21 Solar and Lunar eclipses Solar comes from the latin word for sun. Therefore a solar eclipse is when we cannot see the sun This is because the moon is in the way. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth
22 sun Solar eclipse
23 Lunar eclipse Lunar comes from the latin word for moon So does the word lunatic Therefore a lunar eclipse is when we cannot see the moon. Remember the moon is NON-LUMINOUS. Which means it reflects light. A lunar eclipse happens when the earth blocks the light from the sun reaching the moon.
24 Total Lunar eclipse
25 Total lunar eclipse
26 Expt: To show that light travels in straight lines 1. Put a hole in the middle of 3 pieces of cardboard of the same shape Place the 3 pieces of cardboard in front of a light bulb and view the light through the holes in the cardboard. 3. Move one piece of cardboard and the bulb s light cannot be seen Conclusion: The bulb can only be seen when the 3 holes are in a straight line
27 Expt: To show that light travels in straight lines cardboard light bulb thread/string
28 Luminous & non-luminous bodies A luminous Object gives out light Examples: The sun = luminous body. It creates its own light by nuclear reactions and emits it A candle generates its own light by the chemical reaction of burning A light bulb is luminous as electrical energy is converted into light
29 Luminous bodies
30 Luminous & non-luminous bodies The walls of a room can be seen because of light coming from them But this light is not created in the wall The wall is simply reflecting light from another source (lightbulb) The Moon is a non-luminous body too A non-luminous body reflects light
31 Seeing Non-Luminous Objects luminous object Nonluminous object
32 Seeing Non-Luminous Objects
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