Design of Charge Pump Power Factor Correction Circuit for 150W PT Power Converter

Transcription

1 Dein of Chare Pump Power Facor Correcion Circui for 5W PT Power Converer Rui han, Weip han, Yuanchao Liu Lab of Green Power & Enery Syem, Norh Cha Univeriy of Technoloy Beij, Cha, 44 Abrac-A chare pump power facor correcion (CPPFC) circui for PT power converer ha been propoed accord o he circui opoloy and he feaure of PT. The ma conribuion are a follow: ) The prciple of conuou pu curren CPPFC circui and he uniy power facor condiion have been analyzed; ) The dein mehod ha been pu forward and he parameer have been calculaed; 3) The Ppice imulaion reul how ha he power facor could creae efficienly; 4) The converer wih CPPFC circui i implemened and eed. I i hown ha he power facor i.9; he le pu curren harmonic componen aify he requiremen of IEC 6-3- and he bu volae i 3V. I. INTRODUCTION The Piezoelecric Tranformer (abbrev, PT ) i an elecro-mechanical device ha ranfer elecrical enery hrouh a mechanical vibraion, which could be equivalen o a LCC reonance ank []. The feaure of PT are hih volae a and lile circula curren if he operaion frequency of PT i cloed o he reonan frequency. Reference [] had roduced a dein mehod of pu mach nework (abbrev, IMN) for 5W PT power converer. 5W PT power converer block diaram i hown Fi.. While he 5W PT power converer i wihou a Power Facor Correcion (abbrev, PFC) circui, hu he power facor i abou.6. Wih more and more applicaion of power elecronic equipmen, PFC echnique have become aracive. Moreover, everal ren ernaional reulaion o limi he le pu curren harmonic uch a IEC 6-3- have been implemened [3] [4]. Thu, i i neceary o add a PFC circui for 5W PT power converer. Many PFC converer have been iven ou. They uually can be divided o wo caeorie: he wo ae approach and he le ae approach. The wo ae approach acually clude wo power converer procee. The fir ae i a PFC converer ha ha wo purpoe, one i o make he pu curren harmonic o mee he requiremen of IEC 6 harmonic reulaion, he oher i o reulae i oupu volae. And he econd ae i a DC/DC or DC/AC converer o reulae he oupu volae. Thi approach ha ood performance, namely uniy power facor and oupu volae reulaion. The ma diadvanae i hih co due o creae a PFC ae wih more componen. In order o reduce he co, many le ae PFC converer, which erae he PFC ae and DC/DC or DC/AC converer o one ae low power level applicaion, have been propoed. Fi. PT power converer block diaram The projec wa uppored by he Naional Science Foundaion of Cha (No. 6679) /9/$5. 9 IEEE 89

2 Amon hee le ae PFC converer, Chare Pump (abbrev, CP) PFC echnoloy ha become aracive ce i employ a char capacior and a hih-frequency ac ource o implemen PFC. CPPFC converer can be divided o volae ource CPPFC, curren ource CPPFC and volae ource curren ource CPPFC accord o he differen connecion mehod beween reonance ank and he char capacior. Bae on hee opoloie, everal improved chare pump opoloie have been propoed [4] [5]. The hih-frequency volae ource or hih-frequency curren ource can be uilized eaily becaue here i a reonance ank he PT power converer. Thu i i a ood mehod o dein PFC converer for PT power converer u CPPFC echnoloy. Conuou pu curren CPPFC opoloy i eleced o dein he PFC converer hrouh compar, analyz he differen opoloie of CPPFC and conider he volae re and curren re of PT power converer. In hi paper, he equivalen circui of 5W PT power converer wih conuou pu curren CPPFC ha been roduced. The prciple of conuou pu curren CPPFC circui ha been dicued and he dein mehod ha been pu forward. The reul of heory analyi i accordan wih he reul of imulaion and experimen. The le curren harmonic decreae efficienly, he power facor i.9 and he bu volae i 3V. II. CIRCUIT TOPOLOGY AND PRINCIPLE OF CPPFC. Circui Topoloy of CPPFC The dein mehod and imulaion of CPPFC i oward he enire reonan nework clud LLC IMN and he analyic model of 5W PT which wa menioned reference []. The enire reonan nework i hown Fi.. The circui parameer are a follow: L=3uH, C=7nF, Lp=3uH, R=.43Ω, L=.4mH, C=6.435nF, Cd=3.8nF, Cp=7.nF, and R L =8Ω. Fi.3 how he elemenary diaram of 5W PT power converer clud recificaion circui, half bride verer and reonan nework. The operaion frequency of he converer i abou 7 khz, o i can be een from he elemenary diaram ha he pu volae of PT u i a hih-frequency volae ource, and i frequency i equal o he wich frequency. Fi. The enire reonan nework wih LLC IMN and PT analyic model Fi.3 5W PT power converer elemenary diaram Fi.4 5W PT power converer wih conuou pu curren CPPFC elemenary diaram Fi.4 how he elemenary diaram of 5W PT power converer wih conuou pu curren CPPFC which could decreae he curren re of PT converer and uiliz i hih-frequency volae ource. Nex, he circui will be furher implified and he prciple of he circui will be dicued.. The prciple of CPPFC and he condiion of uniy power facor Accord o baic equivalen prciple of circui, he circui coniue wih capacior C and volae ource u Fi. 4 can be equivalen o a capacior and curren ource conneced parallel, which i hown Fi.5. Fi.5 The equivalen prciple of circui /9/$5. 9 IEEE 893

3 B Thu, he PT power converer wih conuou pu curren CPPFC converer can be equivalen o he circui which i hown Fi.6. In he eady ae analyi, hree aumpion are made: ) Bulk capacior C B i lare enouh, which can be replaced by a DC volae ource, he value i UBB; ) Becaue of he pu ducor L, he pu le curren i i conuou; 3) The wich frequency i much hiher han he le frequency o ha he recified le volae can be aumed o be conan over one wich cycle. When he circui i eady ae, hree mode and wo opoloical ae exi a wich cycle a hown Fi.7. The waveform of he equivalen circui are hown Fi.8. Mode, [, ]: Before, he recified le pu curren i i crea, he ource curren value i i decrea and i i reaer han i. D i conduc and he curren i he difference beween i and i. A, i equal i, and D i naurally urned off, i equivalen circui i hown Fi.7 (a). Afer, he curren difference of i and i chare C and volae u c creae. A he ame ime, ce he volae U B B i conan, um hould be decreaed and reul he pu le curren i o creae. The capacior volae u c will reach i maximum value when i equal o i a. Thi mode end. c Baed on he chare balance, CV () max = ( i i) d Mode, [, ]: Afer, i i reaer han i, and hi difference curren dichare C. C i oally dichared a, hen D be o c conduc, and hi mode end. CV () max = ( i i) d Accord o KVL and KCL, di L u UB uc d = + (3) duc C = i i d (4) i = I[ ( ) + θ ] (5) The iial condiion are: i ( ) = Iθ, u ( ) c =. Afer olv he everal equaion above, we have u UB i = + Iθco+ M < < (6) Fi.7 Two opoloical ae Fi.6 The equivalen circui of conuou pu curren CPPFC Fi.8 The wich waveform /9/$5. 9 IEEE 894

4 where =, LC L = and C f ananeou pu power i P() = u () () Avera () over one le cycle yield, I M = θ co+ coθ ( +θ) Mode 3, [, 3 ]: A, D i conduc, and u m i clamped o he DC bu volae and i equivalen circui i hown Fi.7 (b). i learly decreae hi uberval. The curren difference chare he volae ource U B B ce i i reaer han i. The recified pu le curren i: u UB i = ( ) + i( ) < < 3 L (7) wih he boundary condiion, i ( ) = i ( ). 3 The averae recified le pu curren i equal o he averae ducor curren i over one wich cycle and i iven by 3 3 ( av) = = ( + ) T T (8) i i d i d i d Subiu (6) and (7) o (8), he implified oluion i Icoθ U B P i( av) = u+ + (9) T + T U p where P and U p are he oupu power and he le peak volae repecively. In order o achieve uniy power facor, he econd erm of (9) hould equal zero, I + U B = coθ T Up hen (9) become i ( av ) P () = u () T I i hown ha he averae recified le pu curren i proporional o he le pu volae o ha uniy power facor can be obaed under he condiion of (). P ( av ) T fu p = P () d T = (3) Accord o he power balance beween he pu power and he oupu power, P (4) =ηp ( av ) where η i he converer efficiency. Subiu =, LC L = and (4) o C (3), hen P C = (5) η fu p Accord o he imulaion reul, if he reonan frequency i abou /3 of he wich frequency, hen uniy power facor can be obaed. Thu he value of pu ducor L can be obaed. I ha know ha P =5W, f =7 khz, η =8% and Up=3V. Accord o he mehod menioned above, he parameer of he CPPFC converer can be calculaed, C=7nF and L=4uH. IV. SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENT VERIFICATIONS Simulaion and experimen can implemened baed on Fi.4. The imulaion waveform of he pu le volae and he pu le curren are hown Fi.9. The experimen waveform of he pu le volae and he pu le curren are hown Fi.. Power facor and he pu curren harmonic were eed u ocilloraph Tekronix TDS55. Fi. i he bar raph which how he pu curren odd harmonic compared wih IEC 6-3- requiremen. III. DESIGN METHOD OF CPPFC Parameer dein of 5W PT power converer wih conuou pu curren CPPFC mean fix he value of he capacior C and he ducor L. Baed on (), he Fi.9 The imulaion waveform of he pu le volae and curren /9/$5. 9 IEEE 895

5 V. CONCLUSIONS Fi. Meaured waveform of he pu le volae and curren In hi paper, a novel mehod of PFC for he PT converer PFC u chare pump echnoloy ha been propoed accord o he circui opoloy and he feaure of PT. The equivalen circui of 5W PT power converer wih conuou pu curren CPPFC ha been roduced. The prciple of he conuou pu curren CPPFC circui ha been analyzed and he dein mehod ha been pu forward. Ppice imulaion and experimen reul how ha he bu volae i 3V; he le curren harmonic aify he reulaion of IEC 6-3-; here i no effec o 5W PT power converer from CPPFC circui. REFERENCES Fi. The pu curren harmonic compared wih IEC requiremen From he reul of imulaion and experimen, i can be een ha conuou pu curren CPPFC could creae he power facor of 5W PT power converer o.966 and he meaured le curren harmonic componen mee he requiremen of IEC [] Weip han, Chen D Y and Lee F C, The Lear and Nonlear Model of Piezoelecric Tranformer, Power Elecronic, /3 [] Weip han, Rui han, Xiaoqian han and Yuanchao Liu, Dein of Inpu Mach Nework of 5W PT Power Converer, The World of Power Supply, 8/ [3] Jian Wan, Lihua hao and Nianci Huan, Chare Pump Power Facor Correcion Elecronic Balla, Power Supply Technoloie and Applicaion, 7/5 [4] Fenfen Tao, Jron Qian, Fred C. Lee, Naoki Onihi, A Comparaive Sudy of a Family of Chare Pump Power Facor Correcion Elecronic Balla, Applied Power Elecronic Conference and Expoiion, 999 [5] Jron Qian, Fred C. Lee, Chare Pump Power-Facor-Correcion Technoloie Par I: Concep and Prciple, IEEE Tranacion on power elecronic, VOL 5, NO., January /9/$5. 9 IEEE 896