Osakue. a) Square thread b) Acme (English) thread. c) Trapezoidal (Metric) thread d) Buttress thread. Fig. 1: Power screw types
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1 Oakue POWER SCREWS Inuin Pwe ew i a mehanial ew ue f we anmiin ahe han faening. A mehanial ew i a yline ne ha ha a helial ige alle a hea. A helix ha ne me un, a ew an have eveal un. Pwe ew vie high mehanial avanage; allw a elaively mall fe be amlifie f aliain. Cmmn we ew inlue quae, ame, aezial, an bue we ew. Pwe ew ae mmnly ue in evie uh a han ee, vie, C-lam, jak ew, hiing ew, an lea ew. They ae al ue a iive iine f nl ive nulea we ea an main f hme gabage ma. Han ee eae a lw ee, jak ew eae le han.5 m/min uually, hiing ew eae beween 6 m/min, an lea ew may eae abve 5 m/min. Pwe Sew The main avanage f a we ew i i lage mehanial avanage. I ha he abiliy gealy magnify an eff la ha a mall fe an be ue mve a muh lage la alng i axi. In eiin an heavy uy aliain, ball ae lae inie a ew-nu aembly bain a ball ew ive. A eam f ball flw in a emiiula gve wihin he nu-ew uni nveing he liing min beween he hea f he nu an ew in lling min. Thi gealy imve he effiieny f he mehanim. The hea file an in f hee ew ae hwn in Fig.. Squae hea: Fig. a) hw he file an in f a quae hea. The hea ha aigh flank ha ae eeniula nealy he hea axi. A ligh ae n he flank make f eaie engagemen f ew an nu. Squae hea vie be engh an effiieny bu i n eay manufaue, i i n mmnly ue, ahe a mifie quae hea ew i efee. The mifie quae hea ew ha an inlue angle f 0, imila ame aezial hea ew. Thi mall angle make manufauing quae hea eaie. I may be ue f jak ew, ee, an laming evie. a) Squae hea b) Ame (Englih) hea ) Taezial (Mei) hea ) Bue hea Fig. : Pwe ew ye
2 Oakue Ame hea: Fig. b) hw he file an in f an ame hea. The hea ha aigh flank wih 9 inlue angle. Ame hea i a mifiain f he quae hea an vie f nge an eaily mahine hea ha engage an iengage eaily. I emi he ue f li nu whih i ajuable f wea. Ame hea i ue in jak ew, vie, an lea ew. Lea ew ae mmn in mahine l. Taezial hea: Fig. ) hw he file an in f a aezial hea. The hea ha aigh flank wih 30 inlue angle. Thi i he ISO we ew ana. Like he Ame hea, i i a mifiain f he quae hea an vie f nge an eaily mahine hea ha engage an iengage eaily. Taezial ew ae ue in imila aliain like ame ew. Bue Thea: Thi i a eial we ew hea ha allw we anmiin in nly ne iein. I an ay heavy la in ne iein. The fn la beaing flan he hea i uually inline wihin 7 while he ea flank i inline wihin 45. Bue hea ae ue in gun, jak, an he mehanial evie. Fig. ) hw he file an in f a bue hea. Bue ew ae ue in vie whee fe i alie mainly in ne iein. They ae ieal f nneing ubula mnen ha ay lage fe uh a nneing bael huing in ani-aiaf gun. Lea Sew A lea ew i a mehanial ew eigne f min anmiin inea f we anmiin. The fe equie f eain i lw an g anlain an iin feaue ae eie. They have high helix angle an hu vie fa min. Sme ae mae wih fine ihe f high eluin eie min nl. Selflubiain lyme nu an be ue eliminaing he nee f eii lubiain. Lea ew ae mmn in mahine l uh a lahe an milling mahine f wkable iining. A enal iue in lea ew ball ew aliain i he iial ee whih i he ee ha exie he naual fequeny f he ew. The eaing ee f he ew i yially limie 80% f he eimae iial ee. F a eel lea ew eel ball ew, he iial ee may be eimae a: N N = k L f = iial ee f ew (m) = iamee f ew (mm) L = lengh beween beaing u (mm) = en fixain fa = 0.36 f ne en fixe, he fee =.0 f bh en inne =.47 f ne en fixe, he inne =.3 f bh en fixe Ball Sew Ball ew ae we lea ew ha have nu wih ball aing. The ball ae lae beween he haf an nu hea an e-iulae in a helial aeway uing eain. The ball nve nveninal liing fiin in he ew lling fiin whih gealy eue we l. They mae le leane an ae uiable f ue in iuain in whih high eiin i neeay. The axial la i iibue amng many ball, allwing f heavie la be ee wih le we. Ball ew ae able aly ei high hu la wih minimum inenal fiin. They en be ahe bulky beaue f he ball aembly. Ball ew have effiienie f abu 90 95%, mae wih nveninal we ew ha have effiieny in he ange f 30 70%. Ball ew ae he m mmn ive in CNC nl uni. Maeial Maeial f we ew an nu nee g meive engh, faigue engh, uiliy, hemal nuiviy, an maibiliy beween maing ufae. Ball ew maeial ufae ae vey ha an wih g faigue eiane. Pwe ew ae fen manufaue fm lw abn eel an lw-abn abuizing
3 Oakue gae ally eel gae. The ew ae abuize an hea eae an mmn maeial ae AISI 00, 330, 460, an 860. Nu ae geneally mae f f uile maeial uh a bnze an bae an a in ue i ahe lw fiin effiien. Jak ew ae f ee afe manufaue wih a la 50% abve ae la hugh aximaely 90% f i ke. A full ke e i ne a ae la [ASME B 30., ASME PALD]. Thu a evie fa abve.5 i nee f eign la f jak ew. A highe fa i exee f he ye f we ew exe han ew. Pwe Sew γ = lea angle φ = hea angle µ = hea fiin µ = lea angle fa µ = lla fiin z z h hn Fz Fe m D D D / Tu T Tu / T T α α = numbe f hea a = numbe f hea in nu = hea heigh = nu heigh = hea ih = hea hikne = axial la weigh = eff la = iamee = mean iamee = nu uie iamee = mean lla iamee = lla uie iamee = ew que aie la = lla fiin que = al que aie la = ew que lwe la = al que lwe la = nu heigh iamee fa = hea heigh ih fa = allwable beaing eue = allwable beaing eue beween lla an la u l = ew lengh 3 F jak ew, he ew ke l, i 8 0 ime he ew mean iamee. Sew Sizing: Beaing Sevieabiliy 4mFz = π z ( ) h z = n α hn = m α h = F m z = m m α α α α πα α m F z πα α =..5 f li nu = f li nu = 0.5 f quae, aezial, an ame hea = 0.66 f bue hea m =.35.8 la-iibuin fa [. 47, Pev]. 375 m (f quae, aezial, an ame hea) Ba an ake abu ame beaing eue a a in bu leae highe ee. Che ana an Nu 4 F σ = π ( D m z S ) 4mFz D + πs
4 Oakue S i beween MPa f bnze nu an 0 4 MPa f a in nu [Pev,. ]. Clla A lla i equie beween a ainay la u an a aing membe uh a he ew. The lla i uually mae inegal wih he ew an ae wih i. A hu lae f a lw fiin maeial i fen lae n f he lla lae eue lla fiinal que. The lla i ize bae n allwable beaing eue beween he lla an he la u maeial. The lla fiin i fen eemine bae n unifm wea hey whih i a eanable aumin afe iniial wea-in ei. A hu beaing i ue u he la in me aliain. Thi hel eue lla fiin que gealy. Clla Sizing 4 mf = π ( D D ) z 4mFz D + D π D =.5( D + D ) 0 i beween 4 55 MPa f bnze-eel a in-eel maeial ai. Clla heigh i ¼ /3 f hn enue unifm la iibuin in hea [Pev,. 6]. Eff La Am Lengh F manually leve eae we ew L = eff la am lengh Fe = eff la T u = L F e Tu L = F e Deign Sizing: Bening Sengh = iamee f eff leve / 3 3n Tu = πs y Effeive Nmal Se u e y b = 3T 4F S σ + 3 n Deign Veifiain = α hn m h n z (inege, ealulae h n ) h = z n h = α = α3 α3 = 0.500: quae hea = 0.544: mifie q. hea = 0.634: aezial hea (Mei) = 0.893: bue (Mei) = 0.69: ame hea (Englih) = 0.837: bue (Englih) m = h = h z an γ = = µ m 4 µ = lea angle fa φ = 0. 5φ φ = hea angle µ µ φ (elf-lking hea) Sew Tque Clla Tque µ Fz D T = 000 Tque Raie La: / F z m µ + µ φ Tu = 000 φ µ µ T + T u = T / u
5 Oakue Tque Lwe La: / F z m µ µ φ T = 000 φ + µ µ T + T = T / See in Sew a) Beaing Se 4Fz = πz ( ) b) Cuhing Se 4 Fz σ z = ) Sew em bening l = l + h n 3σ Fe l σ b = = σ 3 e nenain fa = 4-5 (Bwn,. 6.9, if n fille a ) ) Thea bening 3σ Fz ( m ) σ b = πz 3σ F h σ b = πz z e) Die Shea Se 4Fz τ z = πz f) Tinal Se / 3 6 Tu x0 τ z = 3 g) Equivalen nmal e S σ = ( σ z + σ b + σ b ) + 3( τ z + τ z ) n Bukling Chek Tea a lumn if ew lnge han 6x iamee (Bwn,. 6.9) E λ = π S L = k e f l y kx = (Pev,. 8) = ueie iamee fa kx kx x = 4 L 4k e f l λ = = k x x Inemeiae Clumn: λ λ λ ϕ = λ ϕ β = + 0.5ϕ Fz 4n β S ( 3 ϕ ) y y Table : Allwable Beaing Peue in Pwe Sew (Buyna,. 4) Sew Maeial Nu Maeial Safe Peue: (MPa) Ne Seel: Han ew Bnze 4 Lw ee Seel: Jak ew Bnze 7 3 m/min Seel: Jak ew Ca in 7.5 m/min Seel: Hiing ew Bnze m/min Seel: Hiing ew Ca in m/min Seel: Lea ew Bnze.7 5 m/min = 8 0 MPa f f eel n bnze = 4 6 MPa f f eel n a in 5
6 Oakue Table : Mei Squae an Taezial Sew Nminal Diamee (mm) Pih: (mm) , 8 5 3, , , , , 00 Table 3: Aveage Thea Fiin Ceffiien Nu Sew Maeial Maeial Seel: Dy Seel: Mahine il Bnze Ba Bnze Ca in Seel Table 4: Thu-Clla Fiin Maeial Cmbinain Running Saing Ha eel n bnze Sf eel n bnze Ha eel n a in Sf eel n a in Table 5: Clumn En Fixain Fa En Cniin Fixain Fa ( ) Bh en fixe 0.50 One fixe en & he inne 0.70 Bh en inne.0 One fixe en & he fee.0 6
7 Oakue Table 6: Englih Sew Thea Size Nminal Pih: (in.) Diamee (in.) Ame Mifie Sq. Bue ¼ /6 /0-5/6 / /8 / /8 - ½ /0 /6.5 /6 5/8 /8 /5.5 /6 ¾ /6 /5 /6 7/8 /6 /4.5 / /5 ¼ / -/4 / / ¼ /3 /0-3/4 ¼ - - ¼ /.5 /8 -/ /3 ½ /8 3 ½ /.75 /6 3-/ ½ ½ /.5 /6 4-/ ½ ½ - /5 Cnvein: in. = 5.4 mm 7
8 Oakue 8
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