Semiconductors. PN junction. n- type
|
|
- Georgia Hardy
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Semicoductors. PN juctio We have reviously looked at the electroic roerties of itrisic, - tye ad - time semicoductors. Now we will look at what haes to the electroic structure ad macroscoic characteristics (e.g. curret- volatge, etc.) as we brig - ad - tye semicoductors together. Thus, we shall cosider the P- N juctio. First, we shall look at how the electroic structure is affected across the P- N juctio. I the followig we assume for simlicity that both - ad - tye semicoductors have idetical atomic structures ad bad gas ad oly differ i the ositio of the Fermi level. We will address questios related to surface coditios as well as to the bad ga variatios later i this module. Cosider a - juctio with N D doors ad N A accetors o the - ad - tye sides resectively. If these are fully ioised at room temerature the the electro ad hole cocetratios are: = N ad = N. These are the majority carrier desities. The suerscrit idicates the side of the juctio. There will also be small but imortat cocetratios of the oosite, miority carriers, i each regio, which ca be calculated from the law of mass actio: = ad = related to surface coditios as well as to the bad ga variatios later i this module. CB N doors CB E F E F - tye VB - tye VB N accetors N doors
2 Figure A. A juctio i thermal equilibrium with zero bias voltage alied. Electros ad holes cocetratio are reorted resectively with blue ad red lies. Grey regios are charge eutral. Evetually, the state of equilibrium is reached oce electrostatic iteractio ad diffusio balace each other. This equilibrium is achieved with the aid of the diffusio of the majority of carriers o each side ito directio of carrier miority: holes diffuse ito - tye material ad electros diffuse ito - tye. The equilibrium situatio is the as follows: Electro eergy E F CB VB ev B CB E F VB
3 Potetial diffrece (volts) V B x Free carrier cocetratio N D N A holes electros x Deletio layer Oce the equilibrium is reached the Fermi eergy is costat across the device ad there is a built- i otetial differece V B. The absece of free carriers meas that the otetial differece is droed across the deletio layer givig a high electric field there ad the eergy bads are bet i the deletio layer to form a ste. The height of the ste i eergy is ev B. Let s follow the coductio bad edge from the - to the - side. The CB lie corresods to the eergy of a electro at rest otetial eergy (as kietic eergy is zero). We ca see that alog CB lie the otetial eergy of the electro is icreased by ev B. Similarly, the otetial eergy of a hole would icrease as it moves from the - to - regio dow the ste i the valece bad. The juctio ossesses roerties which have useful alicatios i moder electroics. Both - doed ad - doed semicoductors are relatively good coductors, but the juctio betwee them ca become deleted of charge carriers, ad hece ocoductive, deedig o the relative voltages of the two semicoductor regios. By maiulatig this o- coductive layer, juctios are commoly used as diodes: circuit elemets that allow a flow of electricity i oe directio but ot i the other (oosite) directio. This roerty is exlaied i terms of forward bias ad reverse bias, where the term bias refers to a alicatio of electric voltage to the juctio. Normally, juctios are maufactured from a sigle crystal with differet doat cocetratios diffused across it. Creatig a semicoductor from two searate ieces of material would itroduce a grai boudary betwee the semicoductors which severely limits its usage by scatterig the electros ad holes.
4 IDEAL JUNCTION: BAND PICTURE Oe circuit E o ev B ε F Forward bias E o - E ε F e(v B - V) I - V
5 Reverse bias (ideal) E o E e(v B V r ) ε F - V r Reverse bias (real) E o E e(v B V r ) ε F Thermal geeratio - V r I=very small
6 JUNCTION: CURRENT FLOWS, DIODE EQUATION Oe circuit i 2 / N A J e (- ) J e (- ) N D =ex(- ev B /kt) ε F ev B N D N A J h (- ) J h (- ) The electro flux from to side is limited by diffusio across the deletio layer with: j "## = Ae /" O the side the electros are miority carriers ad their cocetratio is extremely low ( i 2 /N A ), but they do ot require extra eergy to dro dow ito side, roducig what is called the drift (or geeratio) flux: If o exteral voltage is alied we must have: j "#$% ( ) N j "#$% = j "## = Ae /" A exteral voltage will lower or raise the otetial ste, so the diffusio flux will certaily chage due to chage i eergy differece (e.g. V B V), while drift flux ca be cosidered as uchaged (a reasoable first aroximatio). The total flux is the: We use aroximatio Bulk Sacecharge Layer (SCL) Bulk j = j "## V j "#$% V j "#$% V = j "#$% 0 = Ae /" (see above)
7 Hece j j "## V j "#$% 0 = Ae ()/" ) Ae " = Ae " e " " 1 ad the diode equatio ca be writte as j = j e " " 1 JUNCTION: I- V CHARACTERISTIC I T 1 ej drift ma ideal A V T 2 T 2 > T 1 Effect of light: I ~ hoto flux V Light off Light o
8 Built- i otetial differece, V B I thermal equilibrium with V ext = 0 the elctro desity o the side must be equal to the electro desity o side: N = N e /" ad fially V = kt e l N N
IV. COMPARISON of CHARGE-CARRIER POPULATION at EACH SIDE of the JUNCTION V. FORWARD BIAS, REVERSE BIAS
Fall-2003 PH-31 A. La Rosa JUNCTIONS I. HARNESSING ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY IN SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS Itrisic coductivity (Pure silico) Extrisic coductivity (Silico doed with selected differet atoms) II.
More informationBasic Physics of Semiconductors
Chater 2 Basic Physics of Semicoductors 2.1 Semicoductor materials ad their roerties 2.2 PN-juctio diodes 2.3 Reverse Breakdow 1 Semicoductor Physics Semicoductor devices serve as heart of microelectroics.
More informationBasic Physics of Semiconductors
Chater 2 Basic Physics of Semicoductors 2.1 Semicoductor materials ad their roerties 2.2 PN-juctio diodes 2.3 Reverse Breakdow 1 Semicoductor Physics Semicoductor devices serve as heart of microelectroics.
More information5.1 Introduction 5.2 Equilibrium condition Contact potential Equilibrium Fermi level Space charge at a junction 5.
5.1 troductio 5.2 Equilibrium coditio 5.2.1 Cotact otetial 5.2.2 Equilibrium Fermi level 5.2.3 Sace charge at a juctio 5.3 Forward- ad Reverse-biased juctios; steady state coditios 5.3.1 Qualitative descritio
More informationEE105 Fall 2015 Microelectronic Devices and Circuits. pn Junction
EE105 Fall 015 Microelectroic Devices ad Circuits Prof. Mig C. Wu wu@eecs.berkeley.edu 511 Sutardja Dai Hall (SDH 6-1 Juctio -tye semicoductor i cotact with -tye Basic buildig blocks of semicoductor devices
More informationLecture 10: P-N Diodes. Announcements
EECS 15 Sprig 4, Lecture 1 Lecture 1: P-N Diodes EECS 15 Sprig 4, Lecture 1 Aoucemets The Thursday lab sectio will be moved a hour later startig this week, so that the TA s ca atted lecture i aother class
More informationNonequilibrium Excess Carriers in Semiconductors
Lecture 8 Semicoductor Physics VI Noequilibrium Excess Carriers i Semicoductors Noequilibrium coditios. Excess electros i the coductio bad ad excess holes i the valece bad Ambiolar trasort : Excess electros
More informationLecture 3. Electron and Hole Transport in Semiconductors
Lecture 3 lectro ad Hole Trasort i Semicoductors I this lecture you will lear: How electros ad holes move i semicoductors Thermal motio of electros ad holes lectric curret via lectric curret via usio Semicoductor
More informationDiode in electronic circuits. (+) (-) i D
iode i electroic circuits Symbolic reresetatio of a iode i circuits ode Cathode () (-) i ideal diode coducts the curret oly i oe directio rrow shows directio of the curret i circuit Positive olarity of
More informationSolar Photovoltaic Technologies
Solar Photovoltaic Techologies ecture-17 Prof. C.S. Solaki Eergy Systems Egieerig T Bombay ecture-17 Cotets Brief summary of the revious lecture Total curret i diode: Quatitative aalysis Carrier flow uder
More informationp/n junction Isolated p, n regions: no electric contact, not in equilibrium E vac E i E A E F E V E C E D
/ juctio Isolated, regios: o electric cotact, ot i equilibrium E vac E C E C E E F E i E i E F E E V E V / juctio I equilibrium, the Fermi level must be costat. Shift the eergy levels i ad regios u/dow
More informationIntroduction to Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Model
Itroductio to Semicoductor Devices ad Circuit Model Readig: Chater 2 of Howe ad Sodii Electrical Resistace I + V _ W homogeeous samle t L Resistace R V I L = ρ Wt (Uits: Ω) where ρ is the resistivity (Uits:
More informationLecture 2. Dopant Compensation
Lecture 2 OUTLINE Bac Semicoductor Phycs (cot d) (cotd) Carrier ad uo PN uctio iodes Electrostatics Caacitace Readig: Chater 2.1 2.2 EE105 Srig 2008 Lecture 1, 2, Slide 1 Prof. Wu, UC Berkeley oat Comesatio
More informationFYS Vår 2016 (Kondenserte fasers fysikk)
FYS3410 - Vår 2016 (Kodeserte fasers fysikk) http://www.uio.o/studier/emer/matat/fys/fys3410/v16/idex.html Pesum: Itroductio to Solid State Physics by Charles Kittel (Chapters 1-9 ad 17, 18, 20) Adrej
More informationSemiconductors a brief introduction
Semicoductors a brief itroductio Bad structure from atom to crystal Fermi level carrier cocetratio Dopig Readig: (Sedra/Smith 7 th editio) 1.7-1.9 Trasport (drift-diffusio) Hyperphysics (lik o course homepage)
More informationSOLUTIONS: ECE 606 Homework Week 7 Mark Lundstrom Purdue University (revised 3/27/13) e E i E T
SOUIONS: ECE 606 Homework Week 7 Mark udstrom Purdue Uiversity (revised 3/27/13) 1) Cosider a - type semicoductor for which the oly states i the badgap are door levels (i.e. ( E = E D ). Begi with the
More informationCarriers in a semiconductor diffuse in a carrier gradient by random thermal motion and scattering from the lattice and impurities.
Diffusio of Carriers Wheever there is a cocetratio gradiet of mobile articles, they will diffuse from the regios of high cocetratio to the regios of low cocetratio, due to the radom motio. The diffusio
More informationLecture 9: Diffusion, Electrostatics review, and Capacitors. Context
EECS 5 Sprig 4, Lecture 9 Lecture 9: Diffusio, Electrostatics review, ad Capacitors EECS 5 Sprig 4, Lecture 9 Cotext I the last lecture, we looked at the carriers i a eutral semicoductor, ad drift currets
More informationThe aim of the course is to give an introduction to semiconductor device physics. The syllabus for the course is:
Semicoductor evices Prof. Rb Robert tat A. Taylor The aim of the course is to give a itroductio to semicoductor device physics. The syllabus for the course is: Simple treatmet of p- juctio, p- ad p-i-
More informationELECTRICAL PROPEORTIES OF SOLIDS
DO PHYSICS ONLINE ELECTRICAL PROPEORTIES OF SOLIDS ATOMIC STRUCTURE ucleus: rotos () & electros electros (-): electro cloud h h DE BROGLIE wave model of articles mv ELECTRONS IN ATOMS eergy levels i atoms
More informationHeterojunctions. Heterojunctions
Heterojuctios Heterojuctios Heterojuctio biolar trasistor SiGe GaAs 4 96, 007-008, Ch. 9 3 Defiitios eφ s eχ s lemet Ge, germaium lectro affiity, χ (ev) 4.13 Si, silico 4.01 GaAs, gallium arseide 4.07
More information1. pn junction under bias 2. I-Vcharacteristics
Lecture 10 The p Juctio (II) 1 Cotets 1. p juctio uder bias 2. I-Vcharacteristics 2 Key questios Why does the p juctio diode exhibit curret rectificatio? Why does the juctio curret i forward bias icrease
More informationNanomaterials for Photovoltaics (v11) 6. Homojunctions
Naomaterials for Photovoltaics (v11) 1 6. Homojuctios / juctio diode The most imortat device cocet for the coversio of light ito electrical curret is the / juctio diode. We first cosider isolated ad regios
More informationValence band (VB) and conduction band (CB) of a semiconductor are separated by an energy gap E G = ev.
9.1 Direct ad idirect semicoductors Valece bad (VB) ad coductio bad (CB) of a semicoductor are searated by a eergy ga E G = 0.1... 4 ev. Direct semicoductor (e.g. GaAs): Miimum of the CB ad maximum of
More informationComplementi di Fisica Lecture 24
Comlemeti di Fisica - Lecture 24 18-11-2015 Comlemeti di Fisica Lecture 24 Livio Laceri Uiversità di Trieste Trieste, 18-11-2015 I this lecture Cotets Drift of electros ad holes i ractice (umbers ): coductivity
More informationIntrinsic Carrier Concentration
Itrisic Carrier Cocetratio I. Defiitio Itrisic semicoductor: A semicoductor material with o dopats. It electrical characteristics such as cocetratio of charge carriers, deped oly o pure crystal. II. To
More informationDoped semiconductors: donor impurities
Doped semicoductors: door impurities A silico lattice with a sigle impurity atom (Phosphorus, P) added. As compared to Si, the Phosphorus has oe extra valece electro which, after all bods are made, has
More informationOverview of Silicon p-n Junctions
Overview of Silico - Juctios r. avid W. Graham West irgiia Uiversity Lae eartmet of omuter Sciece ad Electrical Egieerig 9 avid W. Graham 1 - Juctios (iodes) - Juctios (iodes) Fudametal semicoductor device
More informationChapter 2 Motion and Recombination of Electrons and Holes
Chapter 2 Motio ad Recombiatio of Electros ad Holes 2.1 Thermal Eergy ad Thermal Velocity Average electro or hole kietic eergy 3 2 kt 1 2 2 mv th v th 3kT m eff 3 23 1.38 10 JK 0.26 9.1 10 1 31 300 kg
More informationECE 442. Spring, Lecture - 4
ECE 44 Power Semicoductor Devices ad Itegrated circuits Srig, 6 Uiversity of Illiois at Chicago Lecture - 4 ecombiatio, geeratio, ad cotiuity equatio 1. Geeratio thermal, electrical, otical. ecombiatio
More informationElectrical conductivity in solids. Electronics and Microelectronics AE4B34EM. Splitting of discrete levels (Si) Covalent bond. Chemical Atomic bonds
Electrical coductivity i solids Eergy bad structure lico atoms (the most commo semicoductor material) Electroics ad Microelectroics AE4B34EM 3. lecture Semicoductors N juctio Diodes Electros otetial eergy
More informationChapter 2 Motion and Recombination of Electrons and Holes
Chapter 2 Motio ad Recombiatio of Electros ad Holes 2.1 Thermal Motio 3 1 2 Average electro or hole kietic eergy kt mv th 2 2 v th 3kT m eff 23 3 1.38 10 JK 0.26 9.1 10 1 31 300 kg K 5 7 2.310 m/s 2.310
More informationMark Lundstrom Spring SOLUTIONS: ECE 305 Homework: Week 5. Mark Lundstrom Purdue University
Mark udstrom Sprig 2015 SOUTIONS: ECE 305 Homework: Week 5 Mark udstrom Purdue Uiversity The followig problems cocer the Miority Carrier Diffusio Equatio (MCDE) for electros: Δ t = D Δ + G For all the
More informationIntroduction to Solid State Physics
Itroductio to Solid State Physics Class: Itegrated Photoic Devices Time: Fri. 8:00am ~ 11:00am. Classroom: 資電 206 Lecturer: Prof. 李明昌 (Mig-Chag Lee) Electros i A Atom Electros i A Atom Electros i Two atoms
More informationMOSFET IC 3 V DD 2. Review of Lecture 1. Transistor functions: switching and modulation.
Review of Lecture Lecture / Trasistor fuctios: switchig ad modulatio. MOSFT 3 Si I 3 DD How voltage alied to Gate cotrols curret betwee Source ad Drai? 3 Source Gate Drai 3 oltage? urret? -Si Al -Si -Si*
More informationLecture 6. Semiconductor physics IV. The Semiconductor in Equilibrium
Lecture 6 Semicoductor physics IV The Semicoductor i Equilibrium Equilibrium, or thermal equilibrium No exteral forces such as voltages, electric fields. Magetic fields, or temperature gradiets are actig
More informationEECS130 Integrated Circuit Devices
EECS130 Itegrated Circuit Devices Professor Ali Javey 9/04/2007 Semicoductor Fudametals Lecture 3 Readig: fiish chapter 2 ad begi chapter 3 Aoucemets HW 1 is due ext Tuesday, at the begiig of the class.
More informationHole Drift Mobility, Hall Coefficient and Coefficient of Transverse Magnetoresistance in Heavily Doped p-type Silicon
Iteratioal Joural of Pure ad Alied Physics ISSN 973-776 Volume 6 Number (). 9 Research Idia Publicatios htt://www.riublicatio.com/ija.htm Hole Drift Mobility Hall Coefficiet ad Coefficiet of rasverse Magetoresistace
More informationSchottky diodes: I-V characteristics
chottky diodes: - characteristics The geeral shape of the - curve i the M (-type) diode are very similar to that i the p + diode. However the domiat curret compoets are decidedly differet i the two diodes.
More informationTwo arbitrary semiconductors generally have different electron affinities, bandgaps, and effective DOSs. An arbitrary example is shown below.
9. Heterojuctios Semicoductor heterojuctios A heterojuctio cosists of two differet materials i electrical equilibrium separated by a iterface. There are various reasos these are eeded for solar cells:
More informationElectrical Resistance
Electrical Resistace I + V _ W Material with resistivity ρ t L Resistace R V I = L ρ Wt (Uit: ohms) where ρ is the electrical resistivity Addig parts/billio to parts/thousad of dopats to pure Si ca chage
More informationPhoto-Voltaics and Solar Cells. Photo-Voltaic Cells
Photo-Voltaics ad Solar Cells this lecture you will lear: Photo-Voltaic Cells Carrier Trasort, Curret, ad Efficiecy Solar Cells Practical Photo-Voltaics ad Solar Cells ECE 407 Srig 009 Farha aa Corell
More informationECE606: Solid State Devices Lecture 9 Recombination Processes and Rates
ECE606: Solid State Devices Lecture 9 Recombiatio Processes ad Rates Gerhard Klimeck gekco@urdue.edu Outlie ) No-equilibrium systems ) Recombiatio geeratio evets 3) Steady-state ad trasiet resose ) Motivatio
More informationQuiz #3 Practice Problem Set
Name: Studet Number: ELEC 3908 Physical Electroics Quiz #3 Practice Problem Set? Miutes March 11, 2016 - No aids excet a o-rogrammable calculator - ll questios must be aswered - ll questios have equal
More informationSemiconductor Electronic Devices
Semicoductor lectroic evices Course Codes: 3 (UG) 818 (PG) Lecturer: Professor thoy O eill mail: athoy.oeill@cl.ac.uk ddress: 4.31, Merz Court ims: To provide a specialist kowledge of semicoductor devices.
More informationECE606: Solid State Devices Lecture 14 Electrostatics of p-n junctions
ECE606: Solid State evices Lecture 14 Electrostatics of - juctios Gerhard Klimeck gekco@urdue.edu Outlie 1) Itroductio to - juctios ) rawig bad-diagrams 3) ccurate solutio i equilibrium 4) Bad-diagram
More informationMonograph On Semi Conductor Diodes
ISSN (ONLINE) : 395-695X ISSN (PRINT) : 395-695X Available olie at www.ijarbest.com Iteratioal Joural of Advaced Research i Biology, Ecology, Sciece ad Techology (IJARBEST) Vol. 1, Issue 3, Jue 015 Moograh
More informationDigital Integrated Circuit Design
Digital Itegrated Circuit Desig Lecture 4 PN Juctio -tye -tye Adib Abrishamifar EE Deartmet IUST Diffusio (Majority Carriers) Cotets PN Juctio Overview PN Juctios i Equilibrium Forward-biased PN Juctios
More informationBasic Concepts of Electricity. n Force on positive charge is in direction of electric field, negative is opposite
Basic Cocepts of Electricity oltage E Curret I Ohm s Law Resistace R E = I R 1 Electric Fields A electric field applies a force to a charge Force o positive charge is i directio of electric field, egative
More informationForward and Reverse Biased Junctions
TEMARIO DEL CURSO DE FUNDAMENTOS DE FÍSICA DE SEMICONDUCTORES 1. Itroducció a Física Electróica 1.1 Proiedades de cristales y crecimieto de semicoductores 1. Átomos y electroes 1.3 Badas de eergía y ortadores
More informationPhotodiodes. 1. Current and Voltage in an Illuminated Junction 2. Solar Cells
Photodiodes 1. Curret ad Voltae i a llumiated Juctio 2. olar Cells Diode Equatio D (e.) ( e qv / kt 1) V D o ( e qv / kt 1) Particle Flow uder Reversed Bias Particle Flow uder llumiatio W -tye -tye Otical
More informationECE606: Solid State Devices Lecture 8
ECE66: Solid State evices Lecture 8 Gerhard Klimeck gekco@urdue.edu Remider:»Basic cocets of doors ad accetors»statistics of doors ad accetor levels»itrisic carrier cocetratio Temerature deedece of carrier
More informationMonolithic semiconductor technology
Moolithic semicoductor techology 1 Ageda Semicoductor techology: Backgroud o Silico ad Gallium Arseide (GaAs) roerties. Diode, BJT ad FET devices. Secod order effect ad High frequecy roerties. Modelig
More informationECEN Microelectronics. Semiconductor Physics and P/N junctions 2/05/19
ECEN 3250 Microelectroics Semicoductor Physics ad P/N juctios 2/05/19 Professor J. Gopiath Professor J. Gopiath Uiversity of Colorado at Boulder Microelectroics Sprig 2014 Overview Eergy bads Atomic eergy
More informationBipolar Junction Transistors
ipolar Juctio Trasistors ipolar juctio trasistor (JT) was iveted i 948 at ell Telephoe Laboratories Sice 97, the high desity ad low power advatage of the MOS techology steadily eroded the JT s early domiace.
More informationSolid State Device Fundamentals
Solid State Device Fudametals ES 345 Lecture ourse by Alexader M. Zaitsev alexader.zaitsev@csi.cuy.edu Tel: 718 98 81 4101b ollege of State Islad / UY Dopig semicoductors Doped semicoductors are semicoductors,
More informationELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING ESE TOPICWISE OBJECTIVE SOLVED PAPER-I
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING ESE TOPICWISE OBJECTIVE SOLVED PAPER-I From (1991 018) Office : F-16, (Lower Basemet), Katwaria Sarai, New Delhi-110016 Phoe : 011-65064 Mobile : 81309090, 9711853908
More informationSolid State Device Fundamentals
Solid State Device Fudametals ENS 345 Lecture Course by Alexader M. Zaitsev alexader.zaitsev@csi.cuy.edu Tel: 718 982 2812 4N101b 1 Thermal motio of electros Average kietic eergy of electro or hole (thermal
More informationNanostructured solar cell
aostructured solar cell bulk heterojuctio hybrid/dssc/dsh/et 3D cell e - coductor h + coductor TiO dye or Ps h + coductor TiO orgaic hybrid solar cell: polymer/dye/tio iorgaic polymer/polymer: MDMO-PPV/PCEPV
More informationComplementi di Fisica Lectures 25-26
Comlemeti di Fisica Lectures 25-26 Livio Laceri Uiversità di Trieste Trieste, 14/15-12-2015 i these lectures Itroductio No or quasi-equilibrium: excess carriers ijectio Processes for geeratio ad recombiatio
More informationExcess carrier behavior in semiconductor devices
Ecess carrier behavior i semicoductor devices Virtually all semicoductor devices i active mode ivolve the geeratio, decay, or movemet of carriers from oe regio to aother Carrier oulatio (, ) that is differet
More informationCapacitors and PN Junctions. Lecture 8: Prof. Niknejad. Department of EECS University of California, Berkeley. EECS 105 Fall 2003, Lecture 8
CS 15 Fall 23, Lecture 8 Lecture 8: Capacitor ad PN Juctio Prof. Nikejad Lecture Outlie Review of lectrotatic IC MIM Capacitor No-Liear Capacitor PN Juctio Thermal quilibrium lectrotatic Review 1 lectric
More informationRegenerative Property
DESIGN OF LOGIC FAMILIES Some desirable characteristics to have: 1. Low ower dissiatio. High oise margi (Equal high ad low margis) 3. High seed 4. Low area 5. Low outut resistace 6. High iut resistace
More informationIntroduction to Microelectronics
The iolar Juctio Trasistor Physical Structure of the iolar Trasistor Oeratio of the NPN Trasistor i the Active Mode Trasit Time ad Diffusio aacitace Ijectio fficiecy ad ase Trasort Factor The bers-moll
More informationDiffusivity and Mobility Quantization. in Quantum Electrical Semi-Ballistic. Quasi-One-Dimensional Conductors
Advaces i Applied Physics, Vol., 014, o. 1, 9-13 HIKARI Ltd, www.m-hikari.com http://dx.doi.org/10.1988/aap.014.3110 Diffusivity ad Mobility Quatizatio i Quatum Electrical Semi-Ballistic Quasi-Oe-Dimesioal
More informationLecture #1 Nasser S. Alzayed.
Lecture #1 Nasser S. Alzayed alzayed@ksu.edu.sa Chapter 6: Free Electro Fermi Gas Itroductio We ca uderstad may physical properties of metals, ad ot oly of the simple metals, i terms of the free electro
More informationMODULE 1.2 CARRIER TRANSPORT PHENOMENA
MODULE 1.2 CARRIER TRANSPORT PHENOMENA Carrier Trasort Pheoeo Carrier drift: obility, coductivity ad velocity saturatio Carrier Diffusio: diffusio curret desity, total curret desity The Eistei relatio
More informationEE415/515 Fundamentals of Semiconductor Devices Fall 2012
11/18/1 EE415/515 Fudametals of Semicoductor Devices Fall 1 ecture 16: PVs, PDs, & EDs Chater 14.1-14.6 Photo absortio Trasaret or oaque Photo eergy relatioshis c hc 1.4 m E E E i ev 11/18/1 ECE 415/515
More informationLecture 5: HBT DC Properties. Basic operation of a (Heterojunction) Bipolar Transistor
Lecture 5: HT C Properties asic operatio of a (Heterojuctio) ipolar Trasistor Abrupt ad graded juctios ase curret compoets Quasi-Electric Field Readig Guide: 143-16: 17-177 1 P p ++.53 Ga.47 As.53 Ga.47
More informationElectronics and Semiconductors
Electroics ad Semicoductors Read Chater 1 Sectio 1.7-1.12 Sedra/Smith s Microelectroic Circuits Chig-Yua Yag atioal Chug Hsig Uiversity eartmet of Electrical Egieerig Electroic Circuits ( 一 ) Prof. Chig-Yua
More informationThe Bipolar Transistor
hater 2 The Biolar Trasistor hater 2 The Biolar Trasistor Bardee, Brattai ad Shockley develoed the Biolar Juctio Trasistor i 1947 at Bell Laboratories [1]. These researchers oticed that i certai exerimetal
More informationSolids - types. correlates with bonding energy
Solids - types MOLCULAR. Set of sigle atoms or molecules boud to adjacet due to weak electric force betwee eutral objects (va der Waals). Stregth depeds o electric dipole momet No free electros poor coductors
More information2.CMOS Transistor Theory
CMOS LSI esig.cmos rasistor heory Fu yuzhuo School of microelectroics,sju Itroductio omar fadhil,baghdad outlie PN juctio priciple CMOS trasistor itroductio Ideal I- characteristics uder static coditios
More informationLecture III-2: Light propagation in nonmagnetic
A. La Rosa Lecture Notes ALIED OTIC Lecture III2: Light propagatio i omagetic materials 2.1 urface ( ), volume ( ), ad curret ( j ) desities produced by arizatio charges The objective i this sectio is
More informationLecture 9. NMOS Field Effect Transistor (NMOSFET or NFET)
ecture 9 MOS Field ffect Trasistor (MOSFT or FT) this lecture you will lear: The oeratio ad workig of the MOS trasistor A MOS aacitor with a hael otact ( Si) metal cotact Si Si GB B versio layer PSi substrate
More informationMicron School of Materials Science and Engineering. Problem Set 7 Solutions
Problem Set 7 Solutios 1. I class, we reviewed several dispersio relatios (i.e., E- diagrams or E-vs- diagrams) of electros i various semicoductors ad a metal. Fid a dispersio relatio that differs from
More informationPhysics Oct Reading
Physics 301 21-Oct-2002 17-1 Readig Fiish K&K chapter 7 ad start o chapter 8. Also, I m passig out several Physics Today articles. The first is by Graham P. Collis, August, 1995, vol. 48, o. 8, p. 17,
More informationThere are 7 crystal systems and 14 Bravais lattices in 3 dimensions.
EXAM IN OURSE TFY40 Solid State Physics Moday 0. May 0 Time: 9.00.00 DRAFT OF SOLUTION Problem (0%) Itroductory Questios a) () Primitive uit cell: The miimum volume cell which will fill all space (without
More informationLecture Notes #9: Class #11
Chem 40a Lecture Note #9: Cla # ecombiatio uder differet light iteity - Low level ijectio v High level ijectio We looed at recombiatio/geeratio : We uually wor away from the equilibrium. o we wat
More informationSECTION 2 Electrostatics
SECTION Electrostatics This sectio, based o Chapter of Griffiths, covers effects of electric fields ad forces i static (timeidepedet) situatios. The topics are: Electric field Gauss s Law Electric potetial
More informationSummary of pn-junction (Lec )
Lecture #12 OUTLNE Diode aalysis ad applicatios cotiued The MOFET The MOFET as a cotrolled resistor Pich-off ad curret saturatio Chael-legth modulatio Velocity saturatio i a short-chael MOFET Readig Howe
More informationSemiconductor Statistical Mechanics (Read Kittel Ch. 8)
EE30 - Solid State Electroics Semicoductor Statistical Mechaics (Read Kittel Ch. 8) Coductio bad occupatio desity: f( E)gE ( ) de f(e) - occupatio probability - Fermi-Dirac fuctio: g(e) - desity of states
More informationChapter 5 Carrier transport phenomena
Chater 5 Carrier trasort heomea W.K. Che lectrohysics, NCTU Trasort The et flow of electros a holes i material is calle trasort Two basic trasort mechaisms Drift: movemet of charge ue to electric fiels
More information(b) What is the probability that a particle reaches the upper boundary n before the lower boundary m?
MATH 529 The Boudary Problem The drukard s walk (or boudary problem) is oe of the most famous problems i the theory of radom walks. Oe versio of the problem is described as follows: Suppose a particle
More informationCHAPTER 3 DIODES. NTUEE Electronics L.H. Lu 3-1
CHPTER 3 OES Chater Outlie 3.1 The deal iode 3. Termial Characteristics of Juctio iodes 3.3 Modelig the iode Forward Characteristics 3.4 Oeratio i the Reverse Breakdow Regio-Zeer iodes 3.5 Rectifier Circuits
More informationSPEC/4/PHYSI/SPM/ENG/TZ0/XX PHYSICS PAPER 1 SPECIMEN PAPER. 45 minutes INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
SPEC/4/PHYSI/SPM/ENG/TZ0/XX PHYSICS STANDARD LEVEL PAPER 1 SPECIMEN PAPER 45 miutes INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Do ot ope this examiatio paper util istructed to do so. Aswer all the questios. For each questio,
More informationTrue Nature of Potential Energy of a Hydrogen Atom
True Nature of Potetial Eergy of a Hydroge Atom Koshu Suto Key words: Bohr Radius, Potetial Eergy, Rest Mass Eergy, Classical Electro Radius PACS codes: 365Sq, 365-w, 33+p Abstract I cosiderig the potetial
More informationEE3310 Class notes Part 3. Solid State Electronic Devices - EE3310 Class notes Transistors
EE3310 Class otes Part 3 Versio: Fall 2002 These class otes were origially based o the hadwritte otes of Larry Overzet. It is expected that they will be modified (improved?) as time goes o. This versio
More informationChapter 14: Chemical Equilibrium
hapter 14: hemical Equilibrium 46 hapter 14: hemical Equilibrium Sectio 14.1: Itroductio to hemical Equilibrium hemical equilibrium is the state where the cocetratios of all reactats ad products remai
More informationApplied Electronic I. Lecture Note By Dereje K. Information: Critical. Source: Apple. Ref.: Apple. Ref.
Applied Electroic I Lecture Note By Dereje K. Iformatio: http://www.faculty.iubreme.de/dkipp/ Source: Apple Ref.: Apple Ref.: IBM Critical 10-8 10-7 10-6 10-5 10-4 10-3 10-10 -1 1 10 1 dimesio (m) Ref.:
More informationLecture 2. OUTLINE Basic Semiconductor Physics (cont d) PN Junction Diodes. Reading: Chapter Carrier drift and diffusion
Lecture 2 OUTLIE Basic Semiconductor Physics (cont d) Carrier drift and diffusion P unction Diodes Electrostatics Caacitance Reading: Chater 2.1 2.2 EE105 Sring 2008 Lecture 1, 2, Slide 1 Prof. Wu, UC
More informationBohr s Atomic Model Quantum Mechanical Model
September 7, 0 - Summary - Itroductio to Atomic Theory Bohr s Atomic Model Quatum Mechaical Model 3- Some Defiitio 3- Projects Temperature Pressure Website Subject Areas Plasma is a Mixture of electros,
More information) +m 0 c2 β K Ψ k (4)
i ħ Ψ t = c ħ i α ( The Nature of the Dirac Equatio by evi Gibso May 18, 211 Itroductio The Dirac Equatio 1 is a staple of relativistic quatum theory ad is widely applied to objects such as electros ad
More informationKJ 8056 CHAPTER 1. ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS. Part B. Semiconductor devices as chemical sensors
NTNUet. of Chemistry KJ 8056 CHAPTER 1. ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS Part B. Semicoductor devices as chemical sesors CONTENTS By F. G. Baica, August 2006 B.1. Semicoductors devices a) Silico ad Germaium semicoductors
More informationConsider the circuit below. We have seen this one already. As before, assume that the BJT is on and in forward active operation.
Saturatio Cosider the circuit below. We have see this oe already. As before, assume that the BJT is o ad i forward active operatio. VCC 0 V VBB ib RC 0 k! RB 3V 47 k! vbe ic vce βf 00. ( )( µ µ ). (. )(!!
More information97.398*, Physical Electronics, Lecture 8. Diode Operation
97.398*, Physical Electronics, Lecture 8 Diode Oeration Lecture Outline Have looked at basic diode rocessing and structures Goal is now to understand and model the behavior of the device under bias First
More informationLecture 3-7 Semiconductor Lasers.
Laser LED Stimulated emissio Spotaeous emissio Laser I th I Typical output optical power vs. diode curret (I) characteristics ad the correspodig output spectrum of a laser diode.?1999 S.O. Kasap, Optoelectroics
More informationA Brief Introduction to Laser Diodes
A Brief Itroductio to Laser Diodes This defiitely wo't do for a course, but if you're ot familiar with laser diodes, this might be a good lace to start. I am deliberately light o the equatios ad details
More informationQuestion 1: The magnetic case
September 6, 018 Corell Uiversity, Departmet of Physics PHYS 337, Advace E&M, HW # 4, due: 9/19/018, 11:15 AM Questio 1: The magetic case I class, we skipped over some details, so here you are asked to
More informationChapter 4: Excess Carrier in Semiconductors
Chater 4: Ecess Carrier i Semicoductors The carriers, which are ecess of the therma equiibrium carries vaues, are created by etera ecitatio is caed ecess carriers. The ecess carriers ca be created by otica
More information