ITQ ARTS AND SCIENCE INTEGRATION GRADE 5 DANCE AND PHYSICAL SCIENCE

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1 ITQ ARTS AND SCIENCE INTEGRATION GRADE 5 DANCE AND PHYSICAL SCIENCE The Peridic Table f Elements (PTE): Families Stick Tgether Allys and Cmpunds Lessn 3 Nte: this lessn culd take up t three class sessins t teach depending upn student s prir knwledge, i.e., ne class sessin fr the lcatin and prperties f elements n the PTE, ne class sessin fr allys, and ne class sessin fr cmpunds. CONTENT STANDARDS Dance 2.2 Invent multiple pssibilities t slve a given mvement prblem and analyze prblemslving strategies and slutins. Physical Science PS1c Students knw metals have prperties in cmmn such as high electrical and thermal cnductivity. Sme metals, such as aluminum (Al), irn, Fe), nickel (Ni), cpper )Cu), silver (Ag), and gld (Au) are pure elements, thers, such as steel and brass, are cmpsed f a cmbinatin f elemental metals. PS1e Students knw that each element is made f ne kind f atm and that the elements are rganized in the peridic table by their chemical prperties. ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS (Questins students might ask abut the tpic) Hw is the peridic table rganized and hw d I shw the prperties f elements thrugh mvement? What are metals, allys, and cmpunds? Hw culd I shw slutins and cmpunds thrugh mvement? Hw des mvement help me t understand the prperties f metals? OBJECTIVES & STUDENT OUTCOMES (Students will be able t..) identify the parts f the peridic table accrding t elements with similar chemical prperties. demnstrate understanding f the prperties f elements and be able t shw hw cmbinatins f elements frm allys and cmpunds. ASSESSMENT (Varius strategies t evaluate effectiveness f instructin and student learning) Feedback fr Teacher Student respnse t inquiry Student perfrmance Allys and Cmpunds Wrksheet and Instructins wrksheet (included) Clr cded Peridic Table f Elements cmpleted by students Feedback fr Student Teacher feedback Perfrmance/Rubric Allys and Cmpunds Wrksheet and Instructins wrksheet (included) Blank Peridic Table f the Elements which students will clr WORDS TO KNOW Dance 1

2 Beat: Steady and evenly spaced pulse f mvement. Cntrast: T set side-by-side t shw differences in size, shape, energy, directin, level r design (symmetry, asymmetry, pen, clsed r in patterns). Dance sequence: The rder in which a series f mvements and shapes ccurs. Shape: The psitining f the bdy in space. Shapes are curved, straight, angular, twisted, symmetrical r asymmetrical. Spatial relatinship: the psitin f the bdy in relatinship t anther bdy r bject (ver, under, abve, belw, between, beside, arund thrugh, etc.). Stillness: ceasing all mvement in a frzen shape. Variety: the quality r range f different things that maintains audience interest. Cntrast and repetitin prvide variety. Science Ally: A cmbinatin f tw r mre metals. Chemical prperty: A characteristic that describes hw a substance is changed when it reacts with ther substances. Chemical reactin: The prcess in which tw r mre substances cmbine t make ne r mre new substances that have different prperties than the riginal nes. Cmpund: A substance made f tw r mre elements that are chemically cmbined. Element: A fundamental substance that cannt be brken dwn by simple chemical and physical prcesses. Gas: Matter that is shapeless and expands t fill a clsed cntainer. Liquid: Matter that flws and takes the shape f the cntainer it is in. Metal: Elements that may be shiny, stretched, bent, r hammered int different shapes withut breaking; and als cnduct heat and electricity well. Peridic Table f Elements: An arrangement f the elements based n atmic number that prvides infrmatin abut their prperties. Prperty: A characteristic f an bject that can be bserved, such as size, clr, shape, r texture. Reactivity: Elements that frm cmpunds easily. Slid: Matter that has a definitely shape. MATERIALS Allys and Cmpunds Wrksheet and Instructins (included) Clr cded labels f each the fllwing elements: cpper, zinc, sdium, and chlrine (15 f each element fr a class f 30 students) Blank cpies (nt clred) f Peridic Table f the Elements Clred markers, pencils r crayns Vide camera Hand drum r ther percussive instrument Science ntebks (ne per student) RESOURCES FOSS Kit Grade 5, Physical Science: Mixtures and Slutins, Investigatin 4: Elements PREPARATION Discuss with students the characteristics f slids, liquids, and gasses. Refer t the Peridic Table f Elements t familiarize students with where the metals, alkali metals and nble gasses are lcated. Cite a few examples and the prperties f each element yu select. Prir t teaching this lessn, determine which f the tw cncepts, cmpunds r allys yur students need the mst help. 2

3 Make clr cded labels f each the fllwing elements: cpper, zinc, sdium, and chlrine (15 f each element fr a class f 30 students) Pst Peridic Table f Elements n verhead. Teach lessn #3 frm Grade 3 Dance and Physical Science fr slid, liquid, and gas mvement exercises. One cpy per pair f students f the Allys Wrksheet and Instructins and Cmpunds Wrksheet and Instructins. One blank cpy f the Peridic Table f Elements per student. Five different clred markers, pencils r crayns per grup f students. WARM UP (Engage students, access prir learning, review, hk r activity t fcus the student fr learning) (3 minutes) Pst Vcabulary as it ccurs during the lessn: ally, cmpund, element, gas, liquid, Peridic Table f the Elements, prperty, reactivity, slid Review with students the grups, perids and transitin elements n The Peridic Table f the Elements. Ask: Hw is The Perid Table f Elements is arranged? [ in grups and perids] Say: The transitin metals are a family f elements that have prperties in cmmn which we will explre thrugh mvement. Review the dance sequence frm lessn #2. Divide the class int three equal grups. Grup ne will represent a slid prperty, grup tw a liquid prperty, and grup three a gas prperty. MODELING (Presentatin f new material, demnstratin f the prcess, direct instructin) (17 minutes) Prperties f elements (slids, liquids, gasses): Nte: if students are familiar with the PTE and knw where the slids, liquids and gasses are lcated n the table, this prtin f the lessn may be mitted. Have students lcate grups 17 and 18, i.e., the clumn under flurine (Fl) and the clumn under helium (He). Say: Grup 18 n the Peridic Table f the Elements is cmpsed f gasses. These a are very stable gases called the nble gases and very rarely frm cmpunds while grup 17 are very reactive elements and frm cmpunds easily. We call grup 17 the halgens. Have students in grup ne find persnal space in the rm. Say: Gas atms mve freely, vibrating, quickly, skipping, buncing and jumping, gently bumping int ne anther in general space. Have grup ne mve like a gas fr 10 secnds. Ask: Ø Hw wuld the tw grups f elements in grups 17 and 18 (the halgens and the nble gases) mve differently? [Allw think time and varius student respnses] Ø Divide grup ne int tw smaller grups. Ø Say/Ask: Think abut hw yu wuld slve this mvement prblem. Hw can yu shw the difference between the gases in grup 18 that rarely frm cmpunds frm the very reactive elements in grup 17 that frm cmpunds easily? Give 30 secnds think time and 10 secnds t perfrm. Freeze. Ø What was the difference between hw the tw elements mved? [Accept student respnses.] Say/ask: Only tw elements n the peridic table exist as liquids at standard temperature and pressure. They are liquid metals. Ask: Ø Lcate Mercury (Hg) and Brmine (Br) n the peridic table? Ø Liquid atms vibrate, slide, brush against each ther, and flw smthly arund and past each ther in general space within the cnfines f their cntainer. 3

4 Arrange students in grup tw int rws in a gemetric shape (circle, square r rectangle) and have them mve and flw as a liquid fr 10 secnds. Freeze. Ø Watch me clsely. Hw wuld yur mvement change if I tipped the cntainer t the left and then t the right? Tilt yur bdy left and right. [Think and perfrm 10 secnds] Ø Can yu describe hw the mvements are different between a gas and a liquid? Have students Identify Grups 1-12 and the tw bttm rws (numbers ). Say: These are the metal elements. Ask: What d we ntice abut the number f metal elements cmpared t the gas and liquid elements? [There are many mre metals than gasses r liquids.] Say: Metals are slids and their atms are packed tightly tgether. Their physical prperties are shiny, greyish - silver clred, and hard. Metals are gd cnductrs f heat and electricity. Metals can be easily, bent, pulled and stretched int wires r punded int sheets. Metals frm cmpunds easily with ther elements. Identify Grup 1 s elements. Say: With the exceptin f hydrgen, which is a gas, all these elements are metals, are slids and very reactive. They are called the alkali metals. They frm cmpunds with ther elements easily. Grup 2 are als metals called earth metals. And these metals, althugh nt as reactive as grup 1, will still frm cmpunds easily. Arrange grup three int a tightly cmpacted shape. Say: Yur muscles are very tight. Vibrate yur whle bdy in persnal space in the shape. Perfrm fr five secnds. Ask: Ø Hw can yu shw being pulled and stretched int ciled wire? [Think and perfrm 15 secnds] Ø Hw can yu shw being punded int a sheet? [think and perfrm 15 secnds] Lcate Grups n the Peridic Table f the Elements. Say/Ask: These elements are semi-metals r nn-metals. Carbn (C) is a nn-metal and Brn (B) is a semi-metal. In yur grups discuss what yu think these substances wuld lk like thrugh mvement. Nte: If necessary, prmpt students thinking by saying, if we knw the prperties f metals, then nn-metals imply ppsitin. What predictins can we make abut the prperties f nn-metals? [Allw student respnses. Generally these metals are pr cnductrs f heat and electricity, brittle, and d nt have a metallic shine.] Say: Mst nn-metals have the ability t frm a wide range f cmpunds because f their chemical prperties and reactivity. GUIDED PRACTICE (Applicatin f knwledge, prblem slving, crrective feedback) (25 minutes) Divide the class in half (ne half will be allys and ne half will be cmpunds) and have students frm pairs. Distribute an Allys: Wrksheet and Instructins handut t each pair f the ally grup and ne Cmpunds: Wrksheet and Instructins t each pair in the cmpunds grup. Ask students t take ntes s they can slve the mvement prblems later in this sectin. Intrduce allys and cmpunds. Say: Smetimes elements cmbine t frm cmpunds with cmpletely different chemical prperties f the riginal elements. In this next exercise we are ging t shw hw elements exist and cmbine t frm allys and cmpunds. Define ally [a mixture f tw r mre metals] Say: Tw metals can cmbine in a mixture t frm a slid slutin. Mst pure metals are either t sft, brittle r chemically reactive fr practical use. Cmbining different ratis f metals as allys mdifies the prperties f pure metals t prduce desirable characteristics. The aim f making allys is generally t make them less brittle, harder, resistant t crrsin, r have a mre desirable clr and luster. Ask/Say: Hw can we shw that brass is an ally? What d we need t knw? 1. Brass is nt an element. It is an ally; a slid mixture cmpsed f which tw 4

5 elements? [cpper (Cu) and zinc (Zn)] 2. Lcate cpper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) n the PTE. In which grup are these elements fund? [Cu: grup 11. perid 4; Zn: grup 12, perid 4]. What d we ntice abut the lcatin f Cu and Zn? [They are next t each ther n the PTE and bth transitin metals.] 3. What are the prperties f Cu and Zn? [Accept student respnses.] Bth are slids. Cu is a sft transitin metal that can be bent, pulled, stretched r punded int shape and it cnducts electricity, Zn is a hard, brittle transitin metal that des nt cnduct electricity. 4. Hw is brass made? [Accept student respnses.] The tw metals, Cu and Zn are melted tgether(heat is added) t frm a liquid mixture and then hardened (heat is remved) t frm a slid mixture called brass. Ask: Hw can we shw brass is an ally? Slve the prblem: Create a distinct shape hld fr 8 beats. Create mvement t represent each element (Cu and Zn) and its prperty (refer t #3 abve) fr 8 beats. Shw the prcess f cmbining the elements by melting int a liquid and mixing fr 16 beats. Students will refrm and harden t shw the new substance, brass. (The shape fr brass must shw a cmbined shape but with evidence f the riginal elements f Cu and Zn remaining in the shape.) Ø E.g. the student representing Cu may have their right arm in a curve in bth the beginning and ending shape. The student as Zn might have a hard, angular bend in the left knee in bth the beginning and ending shape. Thse tw parts f the shape will remain the same while the rest f the shape merges t lk different as the mixture is frmed.) Hld that cmbined shape. Use the duble basic dance sequence frm lessn #2. Omit the grup and perid ending and replace it with the ally sequence as the ending fr the dance. Review cmpund [a substance made f tw r mre elements that are bnded tgether]. Say: In a cmpund a new substance with cmpletely different prperties is frmed, e.g., Table salt is a cmpund. Ask: What d we need t knw? 1. Table salt is nt an element it is a cmpund frmed when the elements [sdium (Na) and chlrine (Cl)] bnd with each ther. 2. Lcate Na and Cl n the PTE. In which grup and perid are these elements fund? [Na: Grup 1, perid 3; Cl: grup 17, perid 3] What d we ntice abut the lcatin f Na and Cl? [bth are in the same perid] 3. What are the prperties f Na and Cl? Sdium is a sft, light-weight alkali metal that can cnduct electricity. It is very reactive and can be explsive and is s dangerus that is has t be stred in kersene. Chlrine is a green, pisness halide gas that is als very reactive. Na and Cl have ppsite charges: Na is psitive and Cl is negative. Ask, what d we knw abut ppsite charges? [They attract]. Sdium (Na+) and chlrine (Cl-) frm a stable, brittle white slid cmpund that all living 5

6 things need in small amunts t stay alive. NaCl des nt have the prperties f the riginal elements. Hw can we shw table salt is a cmpund? Slve the prblem: A pair f students will represent the prperties f Na+ and Cl- by selecting ne element and creating a unique shape and mvement fr that element. Each student will mve like the prperties f that element fr 8 beats (Na+ will mve using bund, axial mvement in an agitated, reactive way and Cl- will mve using lively lcmtr mvement). Ø Encurage expressin n face and in the bdy t shw that these elements are dangerus, explsive, reactive, vlatile. Pairs will shw attractin and bnding fr 8 beats. Students will create a unique, cmbined shape t represent the new substance (cmpund) that shws n resemblance t the riginal tw elements. Hld this new shape fr 8 beats. Use the duble basic dance sequence frm lessn #2. Omit the grup and perid ending and replace it with the cmpund sequence as the ending fr the dance. Allw 5 minutes t explre and 15 secnds t perfrm. Videtape the perfrmances. Have the entire ally grup perfrm tw r three times while the cmpund grup bserves and determines which pair strngly slves the ally prblem. Switch grups and have the cmpund grup perfrm while the ally grup bserves t determine which pair strngly represents the frmatin f a cmpund. Videtape the perfrmances. DEBRIEF AND REFLECT (Identify prblems encuntered, ask and answer questins, discuss slutins and learning that tk place. Did students meet expected utcmes?) (5 minutes) Exit Questins: What did yu learn abut the prperties f elements? Give tw examples f each. [They exist in slid, liquid r gas frm. Sme are highly reactive r reactive enugh t frm cmpunds very easily, r they dn t react at all existing as independent elements.] What did yu learn abut metals? [The metal grups frm 75% f all substances, is the largest family and has cmmn characteristics: they are slids, shiny, cnduct electricity, very reactive and frm cmpunds easily, they participate in chemical reactins, they can frm allys such as brass and steel, they are malleable, and ductile (can be stretched int wires r flattened int sheets)] Recrd and answer the fllwing questins in yur science ntebks: Ø Cmplete the Allys and Cmpunds Wrksheet and add t yur ntebk. Ø What did yu learn abut allys and cmpunds? [Allys are slid slutins, a mixture f tw metals. Cmpunds are made frm a chemical reactin f tw r mre elements t frm a new substance with cmpletely different prperties] Ø Hw d cmpunds and allys shw cntrast in dance? Hw are they similar and different? 6

7 Ø Hw des dance help me t understand hw allys and cmpunds frm? EXTENSION (Expectatins created by the teacher that encurages students t participate in further research, make cnnectins and apply understanding and skills previusly learned t persnal experiences.) View videtape and have students assess their demnstratin. Discuss success and challenges. Demnstrate allys: steel-irn (Fe) and carbn (C); r brnze-cpper(cu) and tin (Sn) using the prcess abve. Demnstrate cmpunds: water-hydrgen (H) and xygen (O), sugar-carbn (C), hydrgen (H), and xygen (O), r carbn dixide-carbn (C) and xygen (O) 7

8 Allys: Wrksheet and Instructins Students Names ALLOY: A mixture f tw metals. 1. What are the tw elements that when cmbined make brass? The tw elements that make brass are: and 2. What are the prperties f each element? The prperties f cpper are: The prperties f zinc are: 3. What are the prperties f brass? The prperties f brass are: Creating the Mvement fr an Ally 1. Create a distinct shape and mvement t represent each element and its prperty. Hld that shape fr 8 beats. 2. Shw the prcess f cmbining the elements (melting mixing int a slutin). Melt slwly fr 8 beats. 3. Shw the new, hardened substance (brass must shw a cmbined shape but with evidence f the riginal elements (remember, brass is a mixture nt a cmpund). Mve yur shape int a cmbined shape fr 8 beats and freeze. Hld the shape fr 8 beats. 4. Add this new part t yur duble basic dance sequence frm the last lessn. Describe hw yu made yur mvement chices. 8

9 Cmpunds Wrksheet and Instructins Students Names COMPOUNDS: A substance made f tw r mre elements that cmbine. 1. What are the tw elements that when cmbined make table salt? The tw elements that make brass are: and 2. What are the prperties f each element? The prperties f sdium are: The prperties f chlrine are: 3. What are the prperties f table salt? The prperties f table salt are: Creating the Mvement fr a Cmpund 1. Create a distinct shape and mvement t represent each element and its prperty. Hld fr 8 beats. 2. Shw the attractin and the chemical reactin f the elements. D this fr 8 beats. 3. Shw the new substance (a cmbined, single, new shape). Freeze in a ttally new and unique shape. Hld fr 8 beats. 4. Add this new part t yur duble basic dance sequence frm the last lessn. Describe hw yu made yur mvement chices. 9