Scientific Method Practice Test

Transcription

1 Name: ate: 1. The diagram shown represents the result of spinning a suspension of broken cells in an ultracentrifuge. Which is a correct conclusion? 2. The data shown are based on laboratory studies of male rosophila showing the inherited bar-eye phenotype. Which is the best conclusion to be made from an analysis of these data? Culture Temperature ( C) uring evelopment Number of Compound Eye Sections The optimum temperature for culturing rosophila is 15 C.. rosophila cultured at 45 C will show a proportionate increase in the number of compound eye sections.. Ribosomes are more dense than mitochondria.. Nuclei are more dense than mitochondria. C. Mitochondria and ribosomes are equal in density. C. Temperature determines eye shape in rosophila.. s temperature increases from 15 C to 30 C, the number of compound eye sections in male rosophila with bar-eyes decreases.. The cell consists of only solid components. page 1

2 3. The graph shows the average growth rate for 38 pairs of newborn rats. One of each pair was injected with anterior pituitary extract. The other member of each pair served as a control. 5. n experiment was designed to determine the effect of nitrates on plant growth. Two groups of plants were grown under identical conditions, except one group was watered with a dilute nitrate solution and the other group received water without nitrates. In this investigation, the group of plants grown without added nitrates is known as the. abiotic factor. control C. variable. environmental stimulus t 75 days, what was the average weight of the rats injected with pituitary extract?. 65 grams. 125 grams C. 200 grams. 225 grams 6. n investigation was performed with honeybees to determine the average amount of nectar a bee carried in relation to the distance the flowers were from the hive. The following data were collected: 400 meters, 45 milligrams; 100 meters, 43 milligrams; 600 meters, 44 milligrams; 200 meters, 47 milligrams; 300 meters, 41 milligrams; 500 meters, 42 milligrams. Which inference is best supported by the data collected? 4. student reported that a wilted stalk of celery became crisp when placed in a container of ice water. The student then suggested that water entered the stalk and made it crisp. This suggestion is considered to be. a control. a hypothesis C. an observation. a variable. The distance had no clear effect on the amount of nectar collected.. The farther away the bees had to go the less nectar they carried. C. There is a distance beyond which bees lack the energy to carry back a maximum load of nectar.. The flowers near the hive had less nectar. page 2

3 7. The graph shows the average growth rate for 38 pairs of newborn rats. One of each pair was injected with anterior pituitary extract. The other member of each pair served as a control. 8. Corn seeds were germinated in a dark room. Not one of the seedlings was green. When placed in the light, 75 percent of these seedlings turned green. Which conclusion about chlorophyll production in corn plants can most reasonably be drawn from this information?. Light is the only factor that controls the production of chlorophyll.. arkness is the only factor that prevents the production of chlorophyll. C. Light and vitamins are necessary for chlorophyll production.. Light and some other factor are necessary for chlorophyll production. ased on the graph, it can be correctly concluded that the pituitary extract. is essential for life. determines when a rat will be born C. affects the growth of rats. affects the growth of all animals 9. Four pieces of apple were cut so that all were the same mass and shape. The pieces were placed in four different concentrations of sugar water. fter 24 hours, the pieces were removed and their masses determined. The graph shown indicates the change in the mass of each piece. The four points on the graph represent. assumptions. data C. hypothesis. conclusions page 3

4 10. The apparatus pictured as shown was set up to determine the conditions under which an enzyme acts. narrow tube containing egg white was placed in each test tube and then the tube was filled with the liquid indicated. The test tubes were then incubated for one day. t the end of that period, it was discovered that the egg white at the ends of the narrow tube in test tube 2 had disappeared. The most reasonable conclusion that can be drawn from this investigation is that (1) (2) (3) 12. Which sequence should be followed when conducting a laboratory investigation?. gather experimental data, make observations, form a conclusion, form a hypothesis. define a problem, form a hypothesis gather experimental data, form a conclusion C. form a hypothesis, form a conclusion, gather experimental data, define a problem. make observations, gather experimental data, form a conclusion, state a problem (4). all enzymes require an acid solution to catalyze reactions. egg white can be digested by a combination of pepsin and a base C. the more acidic the solution, the more effective the action of pepsin upon egg white. pepsin digests egg white in an acidic solution 11. student reported that a wilted stalk of celery became crisp when placed in a container of ice water. The student s statement was based on. a deduction. a hypothesis C. a conclusion. an observation page 4

5 13. The work of Karl von Frisch revealed much information about communication among honeybees. He investigated the ability of scout honeybees to inform the workers in the hive of the direction and distance of a food source from the hive. Part of this communication depended on dances done on the surface of the honeycomb performed by the returning scout bee. The graph here shows the relationship between the distance from the hive of a food source and the number of turns per unit time that the scout bees make while performing a wagging dance. 14. The diagrams shown represent an investigation concerning the growth of bean plants. The roots of three identical bean plants were each placed through a hole in covered tubes containing water as shown in the diagrams. Nothing was done to plant. Vaseline was used to cover the upper surface of the leaves of plant. Vaseline was used to cover the lower surface of plant C. The water level of each tube was marked and the plants were placed together near a window. fter 24 hours, the water level in each tube was measured. C Which tube represents the control for this investigation? Which statement is an assumption based on this experiment?.. C. C. ees respond to visual stimuli.. ees are responsible for cross-pollination of flowers. C. ees can communicate by color.. ees possess a nerve net. 15. Graphs of the data from laboratory investigations are used to. observe general trends in the data. make the observed data more accurate C. prevent errors in measuring data. help change the original data tables page 5

6 16. When stained with Janus green, mitochondria appear green under higher power of the compound microscope. Which may correctly be concluded from this observation?. Janus green can be used to identify all organelles inside cells.. Janus green can be used to identify the presence of mitochondria inside cells. C. Mitochondria stain green with all types of dyes.. Mitochondria are composed of nitrogenous bases. 17. In a scientific investigation, after the question is defined, the next step is most likely. formulating a hypothesis. identifying needed equipment C. designing the experiment 19. The number of meadow mice in a certain grassy field was determined each year from 1977 to The results are represented in the data table. ata Table Year Number of Meadow Mice uring which time period did the greatest change in the size of the population of meadow mice take place? C collecting the data 18. In one of his experiments with pea plants, Mendel noted that 75% of the offspring of a certain cross had green pea pods. This statement would be considered. an observation. an inference 20. In an experiment, the setup that provides a basis of comparison is known as. the conclusion. a variable C. a control. the problem C. a hypothesis. a conclusion page 6

7 21. In an investigation designed to determine the effect of the amount of water on plant growth, two groups of equal-sized bean plants of the same species were grown under identical conditions, except for the amount of water they were given. One group was watered with 200 milliliters of water once a day, while the other group was watered with 400 milliliters of water once a day. fter several days, the heights of the plants were measured. It was determined that the plants watered with 400 milliliters of water once a day showed more growth. The variable in this investigation is the. type of bean plants used in the experiment. amount of water given the plants each day C. type of soil the bean plants were growing in. group of bean plants watered with 200 ml of water 23. For many years, scientists were uncertain about the function of repeated base sequences in N that did not code for proteins. Recently, investigations of plants indicated that the greater the number of specific repeated base sequences a plant species contains, the larger the plant will be. The tlantic Giant pumpkin, which can reach a weight of almost 1,000 pounds, was found to contain a large number of these repeated N sequences. Similar findings were observed in other large plants. Which statement is not valid based on the information?. The tlantic Giant pumpkin contains many repeated N sequences.. Scientists have only recently begun to understand the function of repeated N sequences. C. Some regions of a Nss molecule code for proteins.. The findings reported for plants must also be true for animals. 22. What is the first step of a scientific investigation?. perform the experiment. analyze the experimental data C. formulate a hypothesis. state the problem page 7

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