5 th Inquiry Review 2010, 2009, 2008, 2007, , 2004, 2003

Transcription

1 1 A student examined a rock sample and described it as having particles of various colors that were 1 millimeter to 12 millimeters in size. The student was making (1) an inference (3) a prediction (2) a hypothesis (4) an observation 2 The graph below represents the relationship between the amount of spring rainfall recorded at a pond and the number of frogs in that pond. The data were collected over five spring seasons. What is the difference between the number of frogs in the pond when the rainfall was 5 cm and when the rainfall was 20 cm? (1) 20 (3) 50 (2) 40 (4) 60

2 Base your answers to questions 3 and 4 on the diagram and information below and on your knowledge of science. The diagram shows an experiment conducted to see how quickly water moves through different size particles of the same substance. Two identical columns contained equal volumes of different-size particles. The same amount of water was added to the top of each column. A student timed how long it took for the water in each column to reach the wire screen. The data table below shows the results. 3 List two variables that were held constant in this experiment. [2] (1) (2) 4 State one conclusion based on this experiment. [1]

3 5. The diagram below shows four identical magnets that have been dipped into piles of shavings of four different metals. Write a conclusion about a magnet s ability to attract metals based on what is shown in this diagram. [1]

4 Base your answers to questions 6-8 on the information below and on your knowledge of science. A student conducted an experiment to find out if air temperature affected the total number of seeds that germinate. Two groups of 100 identical seeds were used. One group was kept at an air temperature of 10 C and the other at an air temperature of 20 C. All other conditions were held constant. Observations made during the experiment are shown in the data table below. 6 On the graph below, plot with an X the total number of seeds that germinated at 20 C for each day of observation. Connect the Xs with a line. [2] Note: The graph shows the total number of seeds that germinated at 10 C. 7 Using the graph that shows the total number of seeds that germinated at 10 C, determine how many seeds would have germinated at 10 C by day 12. [1] 8 Using the graph that shows the total number of seeds that germinated at 10 C, determine how many seeds would have germinated at 10 C by day 12. [1] Total number of seeds:

5 Base your answers to questions 9 and 10 on the diagram and information below and on your knowledge of science. The diagram shows a ball hung on a string to create a pendulum. The pendulum s period and angle of release are shown. The period is the length of time, in seconds, for one complete swing of the pendulum. Three different investigations to determine the period of a swinging pendulum are described below. In investigation 1, the pendulum was released at different angles. The length of string and mass of the ball were the same for each angle. In investigation 2, different lengths of string were used. The angle of release and mass of the ball were the same for each length. In investigation 3, balls of different masses were used. The angle of release and length of string were the same for each mass. The data tables below show the results of the three investigations.

6 9 Circle the graph below that best represents the relationship shown by the data in investigation 1. [1] 10 Determine the most likely length of the string used in investigation 3 based on the data provided in investigation 2. [1] cm

7 11 The table below shows the dates and the times of high and low ocean tides in a certain location. The data show a cyclic pattern. Based on the data, predict the date and time of the next low tide. [2] Date: Time:

8 Base your answers to questions 12 through 14 on the data table below and on your knowledge of science. The table shows the average height in centimeters (cm) and average mass in kilograms (kg) for students age 8 to 16 years old in the United States in What is the relationship between the average mass of males and their age? [1]

9 13 Use the data in the table to construct a line graph on the grid below. Using an X for each point, plot the data for the age and average height of females. Connect the Xs with a line. [2] 14 Based on the data, estimate the average height of an 11-year-old female. [1] cm

10 Base your answers to questions 15 and 16 on the information below and on your knowledge of science. An experiment was done to study the amount of capillary action that occurs in a certain type of paper towel. Capillary action is the upward movement of liquid through tiny spaces. A strip of paper towel was held with one end in a glass of water. The water height in the towel was recorded every five seconds. Three trials were done using the same type of towel. The diagram shows the experimental setup and the data table shows the results of the experiment. 15. Identify one factor that should remain constant in all three trials of this experiment. [1] 16 State one conclusion that can be drawn from the results of this experiment. [1]

11 17 A science class did an experiment to find out whether right-handed people catch better with the right hand than with the left hand. Five right-handed students each tried to catch a ball 20 times using the right hand and 20 times using the left hand. The results are shown below. Identify two factors that should have been held constant in this experiment. [1] (1) (2) 18 The data table below compares cars and light trucks in regard to gas mileage and the amount of gases released into the environment (emissions). Based on the information in the table, which conclusion can be made about light trucks? (1) They get more average miles per gallon than cars. (2) They have become more popular than cars in recent years. (3) They produce less nitrogen oxide and carbon dioxide emissions than c (4) They have a greater negative impact on the environment than cars.

12 Base your answers to questions 19 and 20 on the information and graphs below and on your knowledge of science. Some species of bacteria are harmful. Antibiotics are chemicals that kill bacteria. Some bacteria are resistant to antibiotics and are not killed by these chemicals. Over time, the resistant bacteria can reproduce and create populations that are not affected by antibiotics. The graphs below show the results of a controlled experiment that measured the population of one species of bacteria that had been grown in four containers under identical conditions. Different antibiotics were added to three of the four containers. 19 Which conclusion about this species of bacteria is best supported by the information in the graphs? (1) Antibiotic A continuously slowed the growth. (2) Antibiotic B was least effective in controlling the growth. (3) Antibiotic C was most effective in controlling the growth. (4) Antibiotics A and B slowed the growth. 20 The control in this experiment is represented by the container with (1) antibiotic A added (3) antibiotic C added (2) antibiotic B added (4) no antibiotic added 21 The map below shows the four major time zones in the continental United States. If it is 9 a.m. in the Eastern Time Zone, what time is it in the Pacific Time Zone? (1) 3 a.m. (3) 6 p.m. (2) 6 a.m. (4) 9 p.m.

13 Base your answers to questions 22 and 23 on the passage below and on your knowledge of science. A student adds sugar to a cup of iced tea and a cup of hot tea. She notices that the time needed for the sugar to dissolve in each cup is different. She thinks this has something to do with the temperature of the tea. She wants to design an experiment to see if she is correct. 22 Write a hypothesis based on the student s observations. [1] 23 Identify two variables that should be held constant in an experiment to test this hypothesis. [2] (1) (2)

14 24 The data table below shows the mass of an 800-gram block of ice as it melts to a 600- gram block of ice. If the current rate of melting continues, how many more minutes will be required for the 600- gram block of ice to reach a mass of 400 grams? (1) 15 (3) 45 (2) 30 (4) Which instrument could be used to determine the volume of an irregularly shaped solid?

15 26 The graph below shows the number of known species in the five kingdoms of living things. Based on the graph, which kingdom contains approximately twice as many known species as the Protista Kingdom? (1) Animalia (3) Fungi (2) Plantae (4) Monera 27 A student wanted to study the amount of mold growing on pizza at different temperatures. In the experiment, the student set up four identical pans of pizza. Each pan contained the same amount of pizza. The temperatures and light conditions are shown in the data table below. One error made in setting up the experiment was that the four pans of pizza (1) were at different temperatures (3) had different ingredients (2) were different sizes (4) received different amounts of light

16 28 A student made this entry in her laboratory notebook: 5/5/2005 We are doing an experiment to determine if the size of soil particles affects the amount of water that flows through soil. We poured 100 milliliters (ml) of water through four different types of soil. The equipment is shown below. We got the following results: With gray soil, the average particle size was 2.0 millimeters (mm) and 80 ml of water flowed through. We then used tan soil. Its average particle size was 0.5 mm and 40 ml of water flowed through. With brown soil, 60 ml of water flowed through. Brown soil has an average particle size of 1.5 mm. In our last trial we used black soil. It has an average particle size of 1.0 mm and 50 ml of water flowed through. a Using the data table below, organize the results to show the average particle size and the amount of water that flowed through for each type of soil. Be sure to include column headings, data, and units in the table. [3] b What is the dependent (responding) variable in this experiment? [1] c What conclusion can be drawn from the data that the students collected? [1]

17 29 The diagram below shows milk being poured into a measuring cup. Which property of the milk can be directly measured using the cup? (1) mass (3) solubility (2) density (4) volume 30 The graph below shows tide levels for two days at an ocean location. Approximately how many hours are between the high tide on Tuesday and the first high tide on Wednesday? (1) 6 hours (3) 12 hours (2) 9 hours (4) 18 hours

18 Base your answers to questions 31 through 33 on the information and table below and on your knowledge of science. A farmer grows and sells flowering plants. The best-selling plants are the ones with the most blossoms. The farmer reads an advertisement for a plant food saying that it will make plants grow faster and taller. The farmer predicts that taller plants will have more blossoms and performs the following experiment to test this hypothesis. Two groups of 10 plants each are grown in identical pots filled with equal amounts of identical soil. The amount of sunlight, the room temperature, and the amount of water are held constant for both groups. Group A is given plant food at regular intervals according to the instructions on the package. Group B is not given plant food. The farmer observes the plants after 15 weeks of growth. The results are recorded below. 31 State the farmer s original hypothesis. [1] 32 Based on the results of this experiment, is the farmer s original hypothesis correct? Circle one: Yes No Explain your answer. [1] 33 Explain why the amount of sunlight, the room temperature, and the amount of water were held constant for both groups. [1]

19 Base your answers to questions 34 through 37 on the information and diagrams below. Saltwater plants of the same species were grown in soil in separate containers with 1 liter of water. All of the plants were the same height at the beginning of the experiment. Different amounts of salt were dissolved in each container as shown in the diagrams. All other conditions were held constant. Measurements for the final height of each plant are provided. 34 Use the information from the student s experiment to construct a line graph on the grid below. a Use an X to plot the final height of each plant at the end of the experiment. [2] b Connect the Xs with a solid line. [1]

20 35 Based on your graph or the information provided, determine the expected height of this same type of plant if it were grown in 1 liter of water with 2.5 grams of salt added. [1] cm 36 State one conclusion, based on the information provided, about the growth of this type of saltwater plant in water containing 0 to 20 grams of salt per liter. [1] 37 In this experiment, the student used plants of the same height and species in equal amounts of water. Identify one other condition that the student needed to keep constant. [1] 38 The diagram below shows a ball held in place by two blocks. The diameter (width) of the ball is shown between the two blocks. What is the diameter of the ball? (1) 6.0 cm (3) 14.0 cm (2) 8.0 cm (4) 17.0 cm

21 Base your answers to questions 39 and 40 on the graph below. The graph shows the results of an experiment that tested the effect of time on the growth of a plant. A student measured the height of several plants for ten weeks and determined the average height. The results are shown in the graph below. 39 Identify one variable that should be held constant during this experiment. [1] 40 According to the graph, what will the average height of the plants be at week 11 if growth continues at the same rate as in weeks 8 through 10? [1] cm

22 41 The graph below shows the water levels that result from tidal action over a 24-hour period. What was the approximate height of the water on the tide marker at 6 p.m.? (1) 4.3 ft (3) 8.5 ft (2) 5.4 ft (4) 11.2 ft

23 42 In 1990, there was just one farmhouse on a square kilometer of land. The land was sold to a developer who planned to build a total of 20 houses. While some of the houses were being built, a scientist collected the data in the table below. a The last four houses were built in the year Based on the data in the table, predict what happened to the number of rabbits in the year [1] b Explain how you arrived at this prediction. [1]