CST PHYSICAL SCIENCE STANDARDS REVIEW (GRADE 8)

Transcription

1 CST PHYSICAL SCIENCE STANDARDS REVIEW (GRADE 8) Physical Science Questions 1. What is the correct formula for speed? A. Speed = Distance x Time B. Speed = Time x Distance C. Speed = Distance/ Time D. Speed = Time/ Distance 2. Which of the following changes indicate a change in the velocity? A. An increase in speed B. A decrease in speed C. A change in direction D. All of the above 3. At 8 am, Lillian leaves her house and walks to school, heading West. She arrives at 8:30 am. The school is 900 meters away from her house. Find her velocity. A. 30 meters/min West B. 900 meters/min West C. 30 meters/min D. 900 meters/min 4. A motorcyclist moved 60 kilometers in 1 hour. What distance did he travel in two hours? A. 60 kilometers/hour B. 2 hours C. 120 kilometers D. 120 kilometers/hour 5. What is the difference between speed and velocity? A. Speed includes direction and velocity does not include direction. B. Velocity includes direction and speed does not include direction. C. Speed has a measurable quantity and velocity cannot be measured D. Speed and velocity have no differences.

2 Physical Science Questions 6. The distance versus time graph below shows the movement of an object over a period of time. What is the average speed of the object? A. 0.5m/min B. 2 m/min C. 25 m/min D. 50 m/min 7. A spring scale is pulled downward and readings are recorded. If the string is pulled 6.0 cm, the spring scale should read. Distance pulled Spring Scale Reading 1.0 cm 3 N 2.0 cm 6 N 3.0 cm 9 N 4.0 cm 12 N A. 15 N B. 16 N C. 17 N D. 18 N 8. A force of 200 N is pushing down and another force of 200 N is pushing up. A third force is pushing with 50 N to the right and a fourth force is pushing with 35 N to the left. What is the net force? A. 400 Newtons up and 15 Newtons right B. 400 Newtons down and 15 Newtons left C. 15 Newtons left D. 15 Newtons right 9. An empty box has a mass of 5 kilograms. You put a few objects into the box. Now the mass of the box increases to 25 kilograms. Which of the following statements is true? A. When the mass increases, the amount of force needed to lift the box decreases. B. When the mass increases, the amount of force needed to lift the box increases. C. When the mass increases, the amount of force needed to lift the box remains the same. D. When the mass increases, the amount of force needed to lift the box is not affected.

3 Physical Science Questions 10. Which of the following is true about the force of gravity on Earth? A. Gravity does not act on objects that are at rest or not moving. B. Gravity only acts on objects that are accelerating. C. Gravity only acts on objects that are falling down. D. Gravity acts on all objects on Earth, whether it is at rest or moving. 11. Which object below will have the greatest amount of force? Objects Mass Acceleration Object R 5 kg 4 m/s/s Object S 10 kg 4 m/s/s Object T 15 kg 4 m/s/s Object U 20 kg 4 m/s/s A. Object R B. Object S C. Object T D. Object U 12. is the force that plays an important role in maintaining the shapes of planets, stars, and solar system. A. friction B. inertia C. gravity D. centripetal force 13. Which of the following correctly describes the structure of the compound, sodium chloride (NaCl)? A. covalent compound with elements that share electrons. B. covalent compound with crystal structure of repeating positive and negative ions. C. ionic compound with elements that share electrons. D. ionic compound with crystal structure of repeating positive and negative ions.

4 Physical Science Questions 14. Fluorine is an element with an atomic number of 9. What are two differences between the isotopes Fluorine- 18 and Fluorine-19? A. They both have different number of protons and different number of neutrons. B. They both have different number of neutrons and different mass number. C. They both have different number of electrons and different mass number. D. They both have different number of neutrons and different number of electrons. 15. The is a positively charged subatomic particle that is located in the nucleus of an atom. A. neutron B. proton C. electron D. none of the above 16. A chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances combine to make one or more new substances. A. chemically B. physically C. temporarily D. permanently 17. When a solid changes into a liquid, the atoms in a liquid will the atoms in a solid. A. move the same amount as B. move more than C. move less than D. move at a slower rate 18. The atoms in a are more tightly packed together while the atoms in a move freely and independently. A. solid, liquid B. liquid, gas C. solid, gas D. gas, solid

5 Physical Science Questions Physical Science Standard The galaxies pictured below would best be described as. A. barred galaxies. B. spiral galaxies. C. irregular galaxies. D. elliptical galaxies. Physical Science Standard Which of the following does not describe the inner planets (terrestrial planets)? A. relatively small in size B. gas giants C. rocky solid surfaces D. high density Physical Science Standard Stars differ in many ways, including color, composition, mass, brightness, and temperature. Although they are different, the color of a star is most related to the of the star. A. composition B. brightness C. mass D. temperature Physical Science Standard Stars, including the Sun, produce light and heat through an exothermic reaction called. A. neutron reaction B. neutron fusion C. nuclear fission D. nuclear fusion Physical Science Standard The average distance between the Sun and the Earth, which is approximately 93 million miles or 150 million kilometers, which is equivalent to. A. 1 light year B. 1 astronomical unit C. 5 light years D. 10 astronomical units

6 Physical Science Questions Physical Science Standard When a chemical reaction occurs, the products that are made will have physical and chemical properties that are reactants. A. the same as B. similar to C. opposite of D. different from Physical Science Standard The chemical equation below is NOT balanced. Which equation below is balanced? N2 + H2 NH3 Nitrogen Hydrogen Ammonia A. 2N2 + 3H2 ----> 2NH3 B. 3N2 + 2H2 ----> 6NH3 C. N2 + 3H2 ----> 2NH3 D. N2 + H2 ----> N2H3 Physical Science Standard When a chemical reaction releases heat, it is an example of a/an reaction. A. exothermic B. endothermic C. energetic D. physical Physical Science Standard When ice changes into water, it is an example of a change. Also, when water changes into water vapor, it is an example of a change. A. physical, physical B. chemical, chemical C. physical, chemical D. chemical, physical Physical Science Standard Which of the following substance is an acid? Substance ph Drain Cleaner 14 Detergent 10 Water 7 Lemon Juice 2 A. drain cleaner B. detergent C. water

7 D. lemon juice Physical Science Questions Physical Science Standard Which of the following statements is true about the element carbon? A. Carbon cannot form bonds with other elements. B. Carbon can only form bonds with hydrogen and oxygen. C. Carbon can form bonds with other carbon atoms and with many other elements. D. Carbon can form bonds with other elements only. Physical Science Standard What are the four main elements that make up the most of the compounds found in living things, such as people and plants? A. carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, helium B. carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen C. hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, neon D. hydrogen, oxygen, sodium, chlorine Physical Science Standard The diagram of the saturated fatty acid above, which is an example of a lipid, would be described as an example of a/an. A. simple compound. B. biochemical. C. hydrogen backbone compound. D. ionic compound. Physical Science Standard The best way to identify an element is to use the atomic number, which is always the same as the number of. A. protons B. neutrons C. electrons D. neutrons and electrons Physical Science Standard Elements that categorized as metals can be found on the Periodic Table. A. to the left of the zig-zag line B. to the right of the zig-zag line C. along the zig-zag line

8 D. at the bottom rows Physical Science Questions Physical Science Standard Elements that have similar chemical properties, such as reactivity and the same number of valence electrons, are usually located. A. in the same period B. in the same group C. across from each other D. to the left and right of one another. Physical Science Standard Object "R" has a mass of 50 g and a volume of 100 ml. Find the density of the object. A. 0.5 g/ml B. 2.0 g/ml C. 50 g/ml D. 100 g/ml Physical Science Standard The table below shows the mass and volume of four different samples. Given that the density of water is equal to 1 g/ml, which sample is most likely to float in water? A. Sample 1 B. Sample 2 C. Sample 3 D. Sample 4 Sample Mass Volume 1 89 g 10 ml 2 26 g 10 ml 3 24 g 100 ml g 100 ml Physical Science Standard A piece of balsa wood floats on the surface of a pond because the water exerts. A. an upward force equal to the weight of the wood. B. a downward force equal to the weight of the wood. C. an upward force equal to the weight of the displacement water. D. a downward force equal to the weight of the displacement water. Physical Science Standard The mass of a rectangular prism is 60 grams. The length of the rectangular prism is 5 cm, the width is 3 cm, and the height is 2 cm. What is the density of the rectangular prism? A. 2 g/cm 3 B. 6 g/cm 3

9 C. 20 g/cm 3 D. 30 g/cm 3 Physical Science Questions 39. In experiments, it is important that the data collected is accurate. Which of the following does not describe the meaning of the term accuracy of data. A. Data collected is correct. B. Data collected is reliable. C. Data gathered is the different. D. Data gathered is right. 40. Sarah made a few paper airplanes to investigate whether the area of the airplane s wings affected how long it stayed in the air. What is the dependent (responding) variable in the paper airplane experiment? A. area of wing B. time in the air C. mass of airplane D. type of paper 41. You leave a cup filled with water near a window on a hot day and noticed that the level of the water decreased. You hypothesize that the temperature is causing amount of water to decrease and change to water vapor. To test the hypothesis, what should be the independent and dependent variables? A. temperature and amount of water B. temperature and size of cup C. amount of water and size of cup D. size of cup and type of window 42. A group of students wanted to test the scientific question, Does the mass of a toy boat affect the speed of the toy boat in the water? Based on the scientific question, which of the following is not a reasonable hypothesis to test the question above? Toy Boat Mass (g) Speed (cm/s) Blue 100 g 6 cm/s Red 200 g 5 cm/s Yellow 300 g 4 cm/s Purple 400 g 3 cm/s A. If the mass of the toy boat increases, then the speed of the toy boat will increase. B. If the mass of the toy boat increases, then the speed of the toy boat will decrease. C. If the mass of the toy boat increases, then it will not affect the speed of the toy boat.

10 D. If the distance of the toy boat increases, then the mass of the toy boat will decrease. Physical Science Questions 43. Anthony is testing whether a change in the height of the ramp will affect the speed at which a toy car goes down the ramp. What is one control for this experiment? A. height of ramp B. speed of car C. mass of car D. all of the above 44. You collect data on an object's distance over time and you put the information on a graph. The line on the graph is a straight diagonal line with a constant slope. You can conclude that the relationship between distance and time is. A. linear B. nonlinear C. quadratic D. exponential 45. Given the following formula, speed is distance divided by time. How long would it take a bicyclist to travel 10 kilometers if he moves at a speed of 5 kilometers per hour? A. 2 hours B. 5 hours C. 10 hours D. 0.5 hours Analysis of CST Science Standards Review Questions Questions #1: How many questions did you get correct for Standards 1-9? Standard 1: /6 questions Standard 2: /6 questions Standard 3: /6 questions Standard 4: /5 questions Standard 5: /5 questions Standard 6: /3 questions Standard 7: /3 questions Standard 8: /4 questions Standard 9: /7 questions Total Score: /45 questions Grading Scale: A (Advanced), B (Proficient), C (Basic), D (Below Basic), 0-24 F (Far Below Basic) Question #2: What physical science standards do you need to spend more time studying?

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