Using SBSE for the study of organic compounds in submarine hydrothermal vents: from the research vessel to the lab
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1 Using SBSE for the study of organic compounds in submarine hydrothermal vents: from the research vessel to the lab Cécile Konn, Sophie Chataing LGM, Ifremer, Brest 2 nd SBSE technical meeting, Paris, 11&12 February 2013
2 Ifremer: Institut français de recherche pour l exploitation de la mer (1984) a budget of about 243 millions 5 centers, 25 along the coastline of France and overseas over people, 450 specialities 8 research vessels (4 highseas) 1 submersible and 1 ROV ( m) 2 AUVs (autonomous vehicles) DISCOVERING THE OCEANS WITH IFREMER RESEARCH MONITORING OF COASTAL AND OCEANIC WATERS DEVELOPMENT, MANAGEMENT AND OPEN ACCESS TO LARGE RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURES 2
3 Laboratory of Geochemistry and Metallogeny? Research interests Hydrothermal exploration Geochemistry and metallogeny of rocks Geochemistry of hydrothermal plumes and fluids Gas hydrates Cold seeps Study areas in all oceans and seas Margins Subduction zones Mid-Ocean Ridges Back arc basins 3
4 Hydrothermal system? Mn, CH 4, He, Fe Humphris and McCollum, Oceanus, 41 (2),
5 Where are hydrothermal vents located? Credits: S. Beaulieu, K. Joyce, and S.A. Soule (WHOI),
6 Hydrothermal plumes / vents search Ifremer / Stephane LESBATS Sampling bottles Sensors 6
7 Hydrothermal plumes / vents search 7
8 Sampling 8
9 Ultramafic-hosted? Underlying rocks = Mantle rocks = peridotites (olivine rich) Seawater / Mantle interaction = alteration of olivine serpentine SERPENTINISATION Mn, CH 4, He, Fe H 2 production reducing conditions Thermodynamically favorable for CO 2 CH 4 Organics Humphris and McCollum, Oceanus, 41 (2),
10 Origin of organic compounds in hydrothermal fluids H O C H H C C H H N H Rocks, minerals, metals, almost all gases, water Inorganic world Living world = organic world OXIDIZED Abiotic synthesis? REDUCED 10
11 Scientific stakes How did life start? Could part of the oil be renewable? Is abiotic synthesis of organic compounds occuring in submarine hydrothermal systems? Are there organic compounds in hydrothermal fluids? Where do they come from? 11
12 C. Konn et al., 2009, Chemical Geology Are there organic compounds in hydrothermal fluids? n Linear, methyl and branched hydrocarbons C9 C19 R1 R2 Cyclohexanes C9 C11 R O OH Fatty acids C9 C18 PolyAromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) 12
13 C. Konn et al., 2012, Geochemical Transactions Alkanes 13
14 BTEX C. Konn et al., 2012, Geochemical Transactions 14
15 C. Konn et al., 2012, Geochemical Transactions PAHs 15
16 C. Konn et al., 2012, Geochemical Transactions Fatty acids (SW) 16
17 Original protocol: qualitative study 24 µl PDMS 300 rpm 60 min Light 10 ml sample Internal Standards Organic modifier Gas tight vials 17
18 Conclusions and perspectives Use of SBSE Preparation technique to be used on board a research vessel Detection of a wide range of dissolved organic compounds in seafloor hydrothermal fluids Understanding of the geochemical processes controlling the formation and distribution of the compounds Work to continue Quantification Determination of their origin In situ measurements Exploration!!! 18
19 Thank you for your attention 19
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