4. In areas where tectonic plates collide, the seafloor has deep. 5. In areas where tectonic plates separate, the seafloor has mid- ocean

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1 Name Date Hour Table Chapter 14 Lesson One- General Directions: Use the word bank below to complete each statement. NOT all terms are used. abyssal plains brackish water condensation energy freshwater mineral precipitation ridges salinity seawater shelf slope submersibles sunlight trenches 1. The oceans were filled during tens of thousands of years with water from and possibly ice from comets and asteroids. 2. The continental margins include the continental, the continental slope, and the continental rise. 3. The large, flat areas of the seafloor that extend across the deepest parts of the ocean floor are the. 4. In areas where tectonic plates collide, the seafloor has deep. 5. In areas where tectonic plates separate, the seafloor has mid- ocean. 6. Oceanographers use to explore the seafloor. 7. Physical characteristics that are used to classify the ocean into zones include water depth, temperature, salinity, density, and amount of received. 8. Water from a sea or an ocean that has an average salinity of 35 ppt is. 9. Two main types of resources on the seafloor are and resources. 10. The measure of the mass of dissolved solids in a mass of water is called. 11. Freshwater mixed with seawater is.

2 Name Date Hour Table Directions: Label the parts of the diagram. Then match each name with the description Ocean Floor Structures 17. abyssal plain 18. continental shelf 19. continental slope 20. mid- ocean ridge Description A. the steep slant of land that extends from the continental shelf to the deep ocean B. underwater mountains formed that form where tectonic plates pull apart C. a large, flat area of the seafloor that extends across the deepest parts of the ocean basins D. the deepest part of the ocean that form where tectonic plates collide E. the shallow part of a continent nearest the shore 21. trench Directions: In the data table below, fill in the missing information Characteristics of Zones Zone Zone 24. Zone Depth It has an average depth of 100 meters It extends from an average depth of 100 meters to 1,000 meters It extends below a depth of 1,000 meters Description of Sunlight Received

3 Name Date Hour Table Lesson Two Directions: On each line before each definition, write the letter of the term that matches it correctly. 1. the highest part of the wave 2. the lowest part of the wave 3. the vertical distance between the crest and the trough 4. the horizontal distance from crest to crest or from trough to trough 5. the currents formed by wind blowing over the surface of water 6. a wave that forms when an ocean disturbance suddenly moves a large volume of water 7. the average level of the ocean s surface at any given time A. tidal range B. wavelength C. spring tide D. neap tide E. crest F. sea level G. tides H. trough I. surface waves J. wave height K. tsunami 8. the periodic rise and fall of the ocean s surface caused by the gravitational force between Earth and the Moon and between Earth and the Sun 9. the difference in water level between a high tide and a low tide. 10. a tide that has the largest tidal range 11. a tide that has the lowest tidal range. Directions: Mark the correct answer for each of the questions below. Then on the line before each answer, record the page number where you found the answer. 12. Water particles in a surface wave move A. up and down B. back and forth C. in a circular motion 13. Neap tides aren t as high or as low as spring tides because A. the Moon is in its full phase. B. the Sun, the Moon, and the Earth do not align. C. the Sun is blocked by the Moon.

4 Name Date Hour Table Directions: Label the parts of the diagram. Then record a description of each part Part of the Wave Definition 15. crest 16. trough 17. wavelength 18. wave height

5 Name Date Hour Table Lesson Three Directions: On the line following each statement, write TRUE if the statement is already true. If the statement is not true, then on the line following the statement record the word(s) that will replace the underlined word(s) to make the statement true. 1. An ocean current is a large volume of water flowing in a certain direction. 2. Friction generated by wind on water can move the water to form surface currents. 3. Surface currents move water vertically and less than 400 meters below the surface. 4. In each ocean, the major surface currents form circular systems of currents called density currents. 5. Earth s rotation causes the Coriolis effect, which influences the direction that ocean currents flow. 6. Density currents move water vertically toward the ocean s surface. 7. An upwelling moves water vertically from the surface to deeper parts of the ocean. 8. Density currents are caused by density changes, which are brought on by changes in temperature or wind. 9. The oceans are the major source of moisture for the water cycle. 10. The Great Ocean Conveyor Belt is a model used to explain how ocean currents circulate thermal energy around Earth. 11. Ocean currents affect weather and climate by redistributing wind energy.

6 Name Date Hour Table Lesson Four Directions: On the lines before the definitions, write the letter of the term that matches it. 1. any harm to the physical, chemical, or biological health of the ocean ecosystem 2. anything related to the oceans 3. pollution that marine organisms can swallow or become entangled in 4. pollution that can harm filter feeders and interfere with photosynthesis 5. any explosive growth of algae that harms organisms A. marine B. excess sediment C. ocean pollution D. temperature E. solid waste F. carbon dioxide G. algae H. algal bloom 6. expelled from coral, causing coral bleaching 7. Its increase can cause coral bleaching. 8. Its increase can cause seawater to become more acidic. Directions: On each line, write the term that completes each sentence. 9. As Earth s average temperature has increased, so has the level of _ in the atmosphere 10. Coastal communities of organisms are threatened by rising _ levels. 11. Sea levels are rising because _ and _ are melting into the oceans. 12. Warmer water has lower dissolved _ levels 13. Carbonic acid forms when _ mixes with seawater. 14. Increased acidity makes it harder for marine organisms to absorb _, which they need to build shells and skeletons.

7 Name Date Hour Table Content Practice Directions: Use the graphs to answer each question. 1. What does top graph illustrate about temperature in the ocean as depth increases? 2. At what depths does the temperature of water differ between polar regions and temperate or tropical regions? 3. What is the approximate temperature of water below the depth of 1,000 meters? 4. At what depths is the salinity of ocean water relatively constant? 5. Why does the salinity of surface water in polar regions differ from the salinity of surface water in temperate and tropical regions?

8 Name Date Hour Table Content Practice Directions: For each of the following questions, mark the correct answer in the multiple choice list. On the line before each question, record the page number where you found the correct answer. 6. The continental shelf, continental slope, and the continental rise are regions of the continental A. plains. B. ridges C. trenches D. canyons. 7. The large, flat areas of the seafloor that extend across the deepest parts of the ocean basin are A. mid- ocean ridges. B. submarine canyons. C. ocean trenches. D. abyssal plains. 8. What is the term for an uncrewed submersible used to explore the seafloor? A. ROV B. Alvin C. submarine D. manipulator 9. Which zone does not receive any sunlight? A. dark zone B. middle zone C. deep zone D. surface zone 11. Salt water mixed with fresh water is A. sea water. B. saline water. C. brackish water. D. condensed water. 12. are the deepest parts of the ocean. A. mid- ocean ridges B. trenches C. continental margins D. plains 13. Only organisms in the can make food. A. surface zone B. top of the deep zone C. bottom of the middle zone D. dark zone 14. How did ocean water become salty? A. It mixed with methane hydrates. B. Rain dissolved minerals from rocks. C. Volcanoes erupted water vapor into the air D. Comets melted adding salt to the deep basins. 10. What happens to density as depth increases in oceans? A. it becomes unpredictable B. it stays the same C. it decreases D. it increases

9 Name Date Hour Table Content Practice: Directions: Answer each of the following questions. 15. Describe a deep sea vent. 16. What type of scientist is Susan Humphris? 17. What is the focus of Humphris s investigation? 18. What is the name of the vehicle that Humphris can use to travel to the deep- sea vents to explore for herself? 19. How does Humphris measure the exchange of elements between volcanic rock and seawater?

10 Name Date Hour Table Tides The daily changes in the level of the ocean surface are called tides. In the 1600s, Isaac Newton first identified the force that causes tides the gravitational pull of the Moon on Earth and its waters. If Earth and the Moon didn t move, tides would always occur in the same locations and there wouldn t be much daily change. But Earth and the Moon move, so most locations have two high tides and two low tides daily. The difference between the levels of the high tide and the low tide at a specific location is called the tidal range. 20. Below is a table of the highest high tides and the lowest low tides (relative to average sea level) for seven days along the southeast coast of the United States. Use the grid to graph the data in the table. Graph the high tides and the low tides on the same graph. 21. Based on the data in the graph and the information in last column, infer when the last spring tide occurred along with the new moon.

11 Name Date Hour Table Content Practice Directions: Label the graph by writing the correct term on each line. Then answer each question about ocean pollution on the lines provided Which two sources result in the most ocean pollution? 28. What are the three sources of pollution runoff? 29. Why is runoff from land a nonpoint- source pollutant? Directions: On each line before each example, write I if it causes immediate effects on health of marine organisms or L if its effects on the health of marine organisms is long term. 30. a large oil spill 31. an increase in carbon dioxide 32. an increase in carbon dioxide 33. excess nutrients

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