Geology of Hong Kong A Summary. Prof LS Chan The University of Hong Kong
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1 Geology of Hong Kong A Summary Prof LS Chan The University of Hong Kong
2
3 Student Expeditions
4 Geology of HK Eurasia Late Cretaceous Orogen Collapse Eurasia Sunda Early Cenozoic Crustal Extension Jointed ash tuff, Sai Kung Red beds, Port Island Mylonite, Castle Peak
5 Major Physiographic Characteristics Hilly terrains: granitic and volcanic rocks
6 Major Physiographic Characteristics Highest peaks: developed about volcanic edifices
7 Major Physiographic Characteristics Escarpments: Tilted redbeds
8 Major Physiographic Characteristics Basins and valleys: Mirs Bay, Tuen Mun Valley, Pearl-River delta rifted basins
9 Major Physiographic Characteristics Rias coastline and Victoria Harbour: drowned landscape and waterways since last sea level rise
10 Major Physiographic Characteristics Linear channels: developed along NE- & NWtrending fault systems
11 Virtual Tour of Hong Kong Landscape HKgeology2.wmv
12 地質調查 Geological Survey
13 Geological Units 1. Layered formations 2. Granitic suites
14 Major geological units Ping Chau Formation Kat O formation and localised breccia Port Island & Pat Sin Leng Formations Jurassic-Cretaceous igneous rocks & tuffaceous sedimentary formations Jurassic Tolo Channel Formation Permian Tolo Harbour Fm. Carboniferous San Tin Group Devonian Bluff Head Formation
15 Earth s Interior Earth vs Egg Crust (Granitic) Mantle (Ultramafic) Core (Metallic)
16 Plate Tectonics 板塊運動
17 Continental Collision
18 Jurassic period Tertiary period
19 Paleozoic Bluff Head Formation San Tin Group Tolo Harbour Formation
20 Bluff Head Formation Intracratonic, terrestrial deposit; fluvial-deltaiclacustrine environment
21 Bluff Head Formation Red beds and quartz sandstones
22 Folding structures
23
24 Bluff Head
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27 Mesozoic Tolo Channel Formation Tai-O Formation Tuen Mun Formation Igneous activities Red beds
28 Credit of Photos: USGS es/139437/1_21_092604_st_he lens.jpg
29 Geological Units 1. Layered formations 2. Granitic suites
30 Late Mesozoic Volcanic Calderas in Hong Kong Credit: Hong Kong Geological Survey, CEDD, HKSAR
31
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33 East Dam, Sai Kung 西貢東壩
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35 Credit of Photo: USGS
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37 地質調查 Geological Survey
38 Igneous Rock Associations of Hong Kong Volcanic Group Granitoid Suite Kau Sai Chau Lion Rock 140 Age (m.y.) Repulse Bay Cheung Chau Lantau Kwai Chung Tsuen Wan Lamma
39 Geological effects of arc magmatism Formation of granitic plutons Widespread regional metamorphism of Paleozoic rocks Localised hydrothermal metamorphism forming skarns and mineralised zones
40 Cenozoic Ping Chau Formation Fault-related rocks
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45 Geological Heritage of Hong Kong About the book: Explanations of subtle features
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47 Biogenic sediment
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49 叠層石 stromatolite, Hamelin Pool, Western Australia
50 Stromatolite 叠層藻
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54 Double Haven
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58 Normal Fault on Port Island
59 Mok Min cave, Sai Kung 木棉洞
60 Fan Lau
61 Waterfalls around Hong Kong
62 Rocks of Hong Kong: Igneous rocks Granites Account for about 40 of solid bedrock Coarse grained acid igneous rocks Formed in volcanic arc setting, ~ Ma Jointed granite, Lamma Is Granite, Lung Kwu Tan
63 Rocks of Hong Kong: Igneous rocks Volcanic Rocks Cogenic with granites Volcanic rocks account for 40% of solid bedrock Volcaniclastic rocks: tuffs, volcanic breccia and agglomerates Lavas: Rhyolites and porphyry Sai Lau Kong East Dam, Sai Kung
64 Rocks of Hong Kong: Igneous rocks Mafic rocks Fine-grained dark-colored, with low silica content Basalt, dolerites Late-phase intrusions Forming dikes in extensional setting Mafic dikes, Shek O Mafic dikes, Waglan Is.
65 Rocks of Hong Kong: Sedimentary rocks Clastic rocks Conglomerates, sandstones, siltstones, mudstones Marine and terrestrial sediments Reworked tuffaceous sediments Soft sediment deformation common Red beds, Port Island Conglomerate, Bluff Head
66 Rocks of Hong Kong: Sedimentary rocks Biogenic rocks Dolomitic siltstone in Ping Chau (algal mats) Limestones (Kat O) Extensive presence of marble in Yuen long Algal beds, Ping Chau Sheared marble, Tuen Mun
67 Rocks of Hong Kong: Metamorphic rocks Foliated metamorphic rocks Meta-sediments /metavolcanics Slate-phyllite-schist-gneiss Not mapped as separate units Cleavages showing dynamic metamorphism Mylonite, Castle Peak Sheared pebbles, Nam Chung
68 Rocks of Hong Kong: Metamorphic rocks Non-foliated metamorphic rocks Quartzite, marble Greisen & skarn rocks in contact zones Hydrothermal metamorphism Neomineralization & recrystallisation Skarn, Ma On Shan Garnets, San Shek Wan
69 Summary of Geological History Devonian: terrestrial deposits Carboniferous-Early Jurassic: shallow marine Jurassic-Cretaceous: igneous activities Tertiary: post-tectonics faulting Quaternary: erosion/sea-level changes
70 stalactite helictite drip cutain Department of Earth Sciences University of Hong Kong
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