Light demonstrates the characteristics of A. particles, only B. waves, only C. both particles and waves D. neither particles nor waves

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1 Which pair of terms best describes light waves traveling from the Sun to Earth? A. electromagnetic and transverse B. electromagnetic and longitudinal C. mechanical and transverse D. mechanical and longitudinal Light demonstrates the characteristics of A. particles, only B. waves, only C. both particles and waves D. neither particles nor waves

2 A television remote control is used to direct pulses of electromagnetic radiation to a receiver on a television. This communication from the remote control to the television illustrates that electromagnetic radiation A. is a longitudinal wave B. possesses energy inversely proportional to its frequency C. diffracts and accelerates in air D. transfers energy without transferring mass Within a vacuum, the property common to all electromagnetic waves is their A. amplitude B. frequency C. wavelength D. velocity

3 The diagram pictured shows radar waves being emitted from a stationary police car and reflected by a moving car back to the police car. The difference in apparent frequency between the incident and reflected waves is an example of A. constructive interference B. refraction C. the Doppler effect D. total internal reflection When observed from Earth, the wavelengths of light emitted by a star are shifted toward the red end of the electromagnetic spectrum. This redshift occurs because the star is A. at rest relative to Earth B. moving away from Earth C. moving toward Earth at decreasing speed D. moving toward Earth at increasing speed

4 A diagram of the electromagnetic spectrum is shown below. Sunscreen is a lotion used to protect skin from exposure to the Sun. This sunscreen protects a person s skin from wavelengths that are A. longer than radio waves but shorter than x-rays. B. longer than x-rays but shorter than infrared waves. C. longer than microwaves but shorter than infrared waves. D. longer than visible light waves but shorter than radio waves. Which of the following choices best explains why grass on a distant hillside appears green? A. Grass reflects all colors except green. B. Grass absorbs only green light from the sun. C. Grass reflects green light more than any other color. D. Grass transmits green light in the same way that green-colored cellophane does.

5 What property of electromagnetic waves makes it possible to use these waves to transmit information between a space shuttle and NASA mission control centers on the ground? A. Electromagnetic waves are transverse waves. B. Electromagnetic waves have very low velocity. C. Electromagnetic waves are all visible to human eyes. D. Electromagnetic waves can travel through a vacuum. Which of the following best describes the relationship between frequency and wavelength of electromagnetic waves? A. If the frequency remains constant, the wavelength increases. B. The wavelength decreases as the frequency decreases. C. The frequency increases as the wavelength decreases. D. If the wavelength remains constant, the frequency increases.

6 Radio waves, visible light, and x-rays are examples of electromagnetic waves that always differ from each other in A. amplitude. B. intensity. C. temperature. D. wavelength. Suppose a scientist detects an electromagnetic wave with a frequency higher than those of gamma rays. The scientist labels this wave a Z-ray. Which of the following would always be true of a Z-ray? A. A Z-ray would have a lesser amplitude than gamma rays. B. A Z-ray would have a greater amplitude than gamma rays. C. A Z-ray would have a shorter wavelength than gamma rays. D. A Z-ray would have a longer wavelength than gamma rays.

7 The picture below shows the International Space Station orbiting Earth. Which of the following is used to send information from the International Space Station back to Earth? A. fiber optics B. gamma rays C. infrared radiation D. radio waves Electromagnetic waves with low frequencies have been used for long distance underwater communication. These waves most likely belong to which of the following parts of the electromagnetic spectrum? A. gamma rays B. infrared waves C. radio waves D. x-rays

8 Many home entertainment devices such as televisions, stereos, and DVD players can be operated wirelessly utilizing infrared remote controls. Which of the following is a limitation of this type of communication technology? A. The remote control cannot use rechargeable batteries. B. The remote control can operate only one component of a system. C. The infrared signal cannot be activated in a brightly lit environment. D. The infrared signal must have an unobstructed path to the receiving component. An x-ray can be used to see inside a person s body. What body system can an x-ray best examine? A. Skeletal B. Nervous C. Circulatory D. Respiratory

9 Jack turned on a radio station and listened to music. How does the radio change waves and energy so Jack can hear the music? A. Electromagnetic waves are changed into the chemical energy in batteries. B. Sound waves are changed into the chemical energy in batteries. C. Sound waves are changed into electromagnetic waves. D. Electromagnetic waves are changed into sound waves. Infrared light is often used in reptile habitats. Which of these explains how a reptile benefits from infrared light? A. Infrared light destroys bacteria and other microorganisms. B. Infrared light increases the body temperature of the animals. C. Infrared light makes it possible for reptiles to see their surroundings. D. Infrared light makes it possible for humans to see the animals in their natural habitat.

10 Which best explains the relationship between the electromagnetic spectrum and sight? A. Visible light is the part of the electromagnetic spectrum that can be seen with the eye. B. Ultraviolet light is the part of the electromagnetic spectrum that can be seen with the eye. C. Visible light and infrared light are the parts of the electromagnetic spectrum that can be seen with the eye. D. Ultraviolet light and infrared light are the parts of the electromagnetic spectrum that can be seen with the eye. Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum has frequencies that are greater than the frequency of visible light? A. microwaves B. infrared light C. radio waves D. ultraviolet light