CHAPTERS: 9.1, 10.1 AND 10.2 LIGHT WAVES PROPERTIES

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1 Name Period CHAPTERS: 9.1, 10.1 AND 10.2 LIGHT WAVES PROPERTIES ACTIVITY LESSON DESCRIPTION SCORE/POINTS 1. NT WAVES FOLDABLE (blue, green & yellow completely filled in.) /30 /30 2. WS READING GUIDE FOR 9.1 PP /56 3. WS READING GUIDE FOR 10.1 PP /37 4. WS READING GUIDE FOR 10.2 PP. /13 / WS REFLECTION/ REFRACTION WORKSHEET /10 6. WS LENSES WORKSHEET /10 7. WS CROSSWORD /20 /40 8. WS WAVES REVIEW QUESTIONS /37 9. WS PREVIOUS UNITS REVIEW /23 /60 State Core Objectives covered in this unit: STANDARD V: Students will understand the properties and applications of waves. Objective 1: a. Investigate and compare reflection, refraction, and diffraction of waves. b. Provide examples of waves commonly observed in nature and/or used in technological applications. Objective 2: Describe the nature of electromagnetic radiation and visible light. a. Describe the relationship of energy to wavelength or frequency for electromagnetic radiation. b. Distinguish between the different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum (e.g., radio waves and x-rays or visible light and microwaves). c. Explain that the different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum all travel through empty space and at the same speed. d. Explain the observed change in frequency of an electromagnetic wave coming from a moving object as it approaches and moves away (i.e., Doppler effect, red/blue shift). e. Provide examples of the use of electromagnetic radiation in everyday life (e.g., communications, lasers, microwaves, cellular phones, satellite dishes, visible light).

2 CHAPTER 9.1 READING GUIDE PP In the 1860 s, the English physicist James Maxwell predicted what? (1) 17. Infrared includes radiation. (1) 18. Describe 4 uses for infrared radiation (4) 2 2. The combination of changing fields is called what? (1) 3. Energy is contained in the electric and magnetic fields of the wave. This energy sometimes called what? (1) 4. Electromagnetic waves travel through a vacuum at what? (1) 5. All electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed, but can have vastly different what? (2) 6. The wavelength of an electromagnetic wave is what? (1) 7. The frequency is the rate at which what? (1) 8. As the wavelength increases, the frequency. (1) 9. The wavelengths of electromagnetic waves range from what? (1) 10. The range of wavelengths and frequencies for all the electromagnetic waves is called what? (1) 11. The spectrum is divided into sections, called. (1) 12. Radio waves are used to transmit what? (1) 19. What is the smallest part of the electromagnetic spectrum? (1) 20. How big are wavelengths of visible light? (1) 21. What 2 things happen when white light falls on an object? (2) 22. What explains and object s color? Give an example. (2) 23. What damage does ultraviolet light do?(1) 24. What does ozone in the atmosphere do? (1) 25. List 2 uses for ultraviolet light. (2) 26. List 4 places X- rays are used. (4) 27. Over exposure to X- rays does what? (2) 28. How do X-ray technicians protect themselves from over exposure? (1) 29. How long are gamma rays?(1) 13. Radio waves have wavelengths that range from what to what? (2) 14. Give examples of 4 different types of radio waves. (4) 15. Microwave wavelengths range from what to what? (2) 16. List 3 different uses for microwaves (3) 30. How are gamma rays produced? (1) 31. List 3 uses for gamma rays. (3) 32. Sometimes electromagnetic radiation behaves like a particle, not a wave. We say that electromagnetic radiation has both wavelike and properties. (1) 33. Albert Einstein proposed that incident light consists of what? (1) 34. What were they later named? (1) 35. The energy of a photon is proportional to what? (1)

3 Section 10.1 Reading Guide pp Light, whether photons or waves, travels how? (1) 13. The focal length f of a spherical mirror is what? Write the formula. (2) 3 2. If light encounters an interface that changes the medium, such as from air to glass, it what? (1) 3. How do you represent the path of a photon through an optical system? (1) 4. What is a reflection? (1) 14. Look at example 10.1 then solve the following: Find the focal length of a concave mirror with a radius of curvature of r = 20 cm. (2) 15. On a convex mirror, the light rays seem to come from a point F located where? (1) 16. What is the difference between a real image and a virtual image? (2) 5. What is the normal line? (1) 6. What is the angle of incidence? (1) 17. What is refraction?(1) 7. What is the angle of reflection? (1) 18. Refraction is the process that enables us to make lenses for what? (2) 8. What is the law of reflection?(1) 19. What is the index of refraction?(1) 9. What is the difference between a plane mirror and a spherical mirror: (1) 20. When light goes into an area where it moves slower (like air to glass) it is bent how? (1) 21. What is the angle of refraction?(1) 10. A plane mirror produces an image that is (1pt). The image formed appears to be where? (1pt) 11. What is the difference between convex and concave mirrors. (1) 22. When light goes into an area where it moves faster (like from glass to air) it is bent how? (1) 12. What is a focal point? (1) 23. What is the critical angle?(1)

4 4 24. What is total internal reflection?(1) 4. Briefly explain Young s experiment and what the results showed. (2) 25. How is total internal reflection important in optical fibers? (1) 26. How is a convex lens shaped, and explain how light rays pass through it. (2) 5. What is a diffraction grating? (1) 27. How is a concave lens shaped, and explain how light rays pass through it. (2) 6. What is a grating spectrometer?(1) 28. What is effect of lens diameter? (1) 7. Give 2 uses for a grating spectrometer. (2) 29. Why are astronomical telescope lenses so big? (1) 30. The size of the lens in our eye does not change. What does change? (1) 8. What is the primary purpose of optical systems? (see page 463) (1) Section 10.2 Reading Guide pp What is resolving power? (1) 1. What is diffraction?(1) 2. Christian Huygens developed a wave model for light in an attempt to explain what? (1) 10. Because of diffraction, all optical systems have unavoidable limits to what? (1) 3. Draw an example of constructive interference and destructive interference. (2)

5 Critical Angle: The minimum angle of incidence where the light is totally reflected back. In water it is 48 degrees, in glass it is 43 degrees. 5

6 Lenses: 6 Convex lenses bend out. They produce converging light as the light rays are bent through the lens. Concave lenses bend inward (cave in) They produce diverging light as the rays are bent through the lens. Farsighted people (you clearly see images far away) Form images that focus behind the retina because the eyeball is too short. Converging (convex) lenses focus the light on the retina. Corrected by CONVEX lenses Nearsighted people (you clearly see images near) Form images that are in front of the retina because the eyeball is too long. Diverging, concave lenses, move the image to focus on the retina. Corrected by CONCAVE lenses

7 7

8 8 WAVES REVIEW SCORE / Centimeters 1. What is the wavelength of this wave? (1pt) 2. If the frequency of the wave shown is 60 Hz, what is the speed of the wave? (1pt) 3. A music fan at a swimming pool is listening to a water proof radio that he is holding. This fan is standing on a diving platform. The radio is playing a constant frequency when this guy jumps. Describe the Doppler effect heard by the following people. (how would the pitch of the sound change?) 1. A person left behind on the platform. (1pt) 2. A person floating on a rubber raft down below. (1pt) 3. The person jumping (1pt) 4. When a car is at rest, its horn emits a frequency of 600 Hz. A person standing in the middle of the street hears the horn coming from a moving car with a frequency of 580 Hz. Should the person jump out of the way? (1pt) Explain your answer. (1pt) 5. The of a sound determines its loudness. (1pt) 6. A water wave in a ripple tank is moving at a speed of 10 cm/s with a wavelength of 4.0 cm. It moves into a new area of the ripple tank where the wavelength of the wave is 3.2 cm. The speed of the water wave in the new area is (1pt) (hint: set up a ratio and solve for x) Identify each of the following as using Reflection, Refraction, or Diffraction (9 pts) A. You yell down a hall and hear an echo. B. The eye doctor figures out the prescription for glasses. C. The edges of a shadow are fuzzy D. Flower stems in a clear vase of water look bent or broken E. A submarine uses a periscope to see above the water F. You can hear your mom yelling to you from around the corner G. A store has large concave mirrors to keep an eye on customers H. A rainbow forms in a spray of water I. Light shining through slits show patterns of light and dark bands

9 9 Use the following chart for the next 5 questions. In an experiment, you adjust the frequency of a wave and measure the resulting wavelengths. You obtain the data in the chart below. 7. Which is the dependent variable? (data you measure) Hint: read what it says above the chart (1pt) A. Frequency B. Wavelength C. Wave speed 8. Which is the independent variable? (what you change or adjust) (1pt) A. Frequency B. Wavelength C. Wave speed 9. What statement best describes the relationship between the variables? (1pt) Hint notice the frequency goes higher, while the wavelength goes lower A. Frequency and wavelength are directly proportional B. Frequency and wavelength are not proportional C. Frequency and wavelength are inversely proportional 10. Which graph would be obtained from the data? (1pt) A. B. C. l D. f 21. What relationship is being studied? (1pt) A. How frequency affects wave speed C. How frequency affects wavelength B. How wavelength affects frequency D. How wavelength affects wave speed 22. Draw and Label the following parts to a reflected wave: Angle of Incidence, Angle of Reflection Incident Ray, Reflected Ray, Normal Line. (see yellow foldable) (5pts)

10 10 10 Use the graph below to answer the next 2 questions. Wave Speed In m/sec Frequency in Hz 23. Solve for the slope of the line in the graph. (1pt) 24. What does the slope of this line represent? (1pt) A. Wave Speed B. Frequency C. Wavelength 25. A sound source of 500 Hz is placed on an object A - D moving at different speeds. This is shown in the chart below. Answer the questions. object Speed m/sec Observed frequency In Hertz A B C D A. Is object A moving toward or away from the observer? (1pt) B. Is object B moving toward or away from the observer? (1pt) C. Is object C moving toward or away from the observer? (1pt) D. Is object D moving toward or away from the observer? (1pt) 26. Ultraviolet waves are higher in frequency than microwaves. A. How does the wavelengths of microwaves compare to ultraviolet. (1pt) B. How does the amount of energy in a photon of ultraviolet light compare to the energy in a photon of microwave light? (1pt) C. Which travels at a faster speed through the same medium? (1pt)

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