Dispersion of Glass Introduction Apparatus Theory
|
|
- Steven Johnson
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Dispersion of Glass Introduction This experiment will develop skills in aligning and using a spectrometer to measure dispersion of glass, and choosing a suitable fit for data and plotting the resulting curve. Curve fitting will count for a big chunk of the marks in this lab, so don't try to avoid it! Apparatus - Spectrometer, - Bubble Level, - 60 o Prism, - Small Allen wrench, screwdriver, - Sodium Lamp, - Hydrogen, Helium and Mercury Geissler Tubes with Power Supply, - Assorted stands and clamps. Theory In this experiment we shall use the angle of minimum deviation to measure the index of refraction of glass as a function of wavelength. When a ray of light is obliquely incident on the interface separating two transparent media of different indices of refraction, its direction changes. The amount of deviation is described by Snell's Law: n sinθ = n sinθ () where n is the index of refraction of medium,θ is the angle of incidence (measured from the normal to the interface), n is the index of refraction of medium, andθ is the angle of refraction. For most transparent media, the angle of refraction increases with increasing frequency (for a fixed angle of incidence) thus, blue light is refracted through a much larger angle than red light. Furthermore, the index of refraction of a material is not a constant, but depends upon the frequency of the incident light. From measurements of the index of refraction of a medium as a function of wavelength, we can construct a dispersion curve by plotting a graph of n vs.λ. The dispersion of the medium at a particular wavelength D is defined to be the slope of the dispersion curve at that wavelengthλ 0. d n D = ( ) λ0 () dλ Referring to Figure, when a ray of monochromatic light passes through the prism, it is deviated through some angle. The value of this angle depends on the angle of incidence at the first surface of the prism. When the angle of incidence θ i is equal to the angle of emergenceθ e, the angle of deviation is a minimum, called the angle of minimum deviation min.
2 Figure : Path of light through a prism in air The index of refraction of the glass, n, can then be found from: n = n sin[( α+ min ) sin( α / ) / ] (3) Where αis the prism angle, n is index of air. Procedure. Aligning the Spectrometer See the appropriate section on the course web site.. Measurement of Prism Angleα Figure : Orientation of prism to find prism angleα
3 Place the prism on the prism table with the prism angle pointing toward the collimator as in Figure. Place a light source in front of the collimator. Use a narrow collimator slit in the following procedure. Note that the slit image can be seen reflected in the prism faces. Adjust the telescope so that the slit image is aligned with the cross hairs, read the vernier scale (30 part vernier every half degree; thus readings are in degrees and minutes), and record this reading (the telescope angle). Be as careful as possible when taking measurements, and be sure to record values to the nearest minute of angle. Sloppy measurements will give you meaningless results. Repeat this for the other prism face and enter your readings into Table. Repeat these measurements 3 times. The prism angle is one half the difference between the two vernier readings. From the three series of measurements recorded in Table, determine the prism angle αfor each measurement, and calculate the average value of the prism angle. Include measurement uncertainties in your final answer. Table : Calculation of Prism Angle Trial # Left Reading Right Reading Prism Angle α 3 3.Measuring the Angle of Minimum Deviation min Place the sodium vapour lamp in front of the collimator slit. Rotate the prism so that now light will be refracted through it on the way to the telescope. Observe the spectral lines and reduce the slit width until they are sharp and narrow. Read and record the left and right readings of the slit L and R with no prism on the prism table. Place prism on the table and line up one spectral line with cross hair. Rotate the prism table as shown in Figure 3 toward the direction of incident light. When the spectral line seen in telescope suddenly moves in opposite direction line up the line with cross hair by rotating the table back. Record the left and right readings of vernier L and R for the spectral line in Table. The angle of minimum deviation is achieved by the following expression: = (4) 0L L L = 0R R R (5) min = 0L + 0R ( = L R ) + ( R L ) (6) ( lines separated by 6 A ; these may be too close together to be clearly resolved, if so, set the cross hairs to the center of the doublet and use the mean wavelength of 5893 A.) Record the vernier reading in Table. Repeat this measurement three times. If you have any difficulty, see the laboratory demonstrator. Q: How do you determine the uncertainty in the average of a set of numbers? The difference between the vernier readings from each side is twice the angle of minimum deviation.
4 Repeat using the Hydrogen Geissler tube and the four visible lines of the Hydrogen spectrum (red, blue and two violet). Figure 3: Rotating prism table to find the angle of minimum deviation min Repeat using the Mercury Geissler tube and as many as possible of the following lines of the Hg spectrum: two close yellow lines separated by 0 A; two greens; a blue-green; and a blue (this is a triplet - use the center of the image). Repeat using the Helium Geissler tube and any 4 visible lines. Table : n vs wavelength Colour Wavelength L R L R 0L 0R min n H (r) Na (y) Hg (y) Hg (y) Hg (g) Hg (g) H (b-g) Hg (b-v) H (v) H (v) Hg (v) Hg (v) He (y)? He (g)? He (b-g)? He (b-v)?
5 B(blue); g(green); r(red); v(violet); y(yellow) (colours are approximate.) Result Analysis and discussion. Plotting the Dispersion Data Using the angles of minimum deviation for each wavelength measured, along with their uncertainties, and the average value of the prism angle α, along with its uncertainty calculated above, determine the index of refraction at each wavelength, along with the uncertainties, and place them in Table.. Plot a graph of n vs.λ. If your graph does not suggest a smooth, monotonically decreasing function, go back and check your data. Bad data will make your results meaningless.. Curve Fitting This is the most important part of this experiment. Don't try and take shortcuts in this section. For each of the following fits, do the fit and determine A, B, and C (if applicable). Make a table of these results including the SSE for each fit. Determine which of the following functional forms best approximates your dispersion curve: n = A + B/λ n = A + B/λ n = A + /(λ-b) n = A + B/λ+C/λ n = A + B/λ +C/λ 4 n = A + B/(λ-C) Note that two of the above fits are non-linear, and will force you to use the optimizer. You'll also need to come up with reasonable starting values for the optimizer. This will take time, but that's why this part of the lab will carry a lot of marks. 3.Extracting Information from the Graph After finding the best fit to the data, draw the best fitting smooth curve through the data points. From your dispersion curve, determine the index of refraction of the glass for the Fraunhofer F, C and D lines whose wavelengths are 486A o, 6563A o and 5893A o, w = n n F C n D (7) respectively. Using this information, calculate the dispersive power W of the prism from Determine the unknown wavelengths of the 4 Helium lines from your dispersion curve, using the solve for spreadsheet function and determine uncertainties appropriately. Compare your results with the accepted values found in the C.R.C. Handbook.
Chapter 4. Dispersion of Glass. 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Apparatus
Chapter 4 Dispersion of Glass 4.1 Introduction This experiment will develop skills in choosing a suitable fit for data and plotting the resulting curve. Curve fitting will count for a big chunk of the
More informationn(λ) = c/v(λ). Figure 1: Dispersion curves for some common optical glass types.
Physics 2310 Lab 2: The Dispersion of Optical Glass Dr. Michael Pierce (Univ. of Wyoming) Based on a lab by Dr. M. Kruger (Univ. of Missouri, Kansas City) Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to introduce
More informationPh 3455/MSE 3255 Experiment 2: Atomic Spectra
Ph 3455/MSE 3255 Experiment 2: Atomic Spectra Background Reading: Tipler, Llewellyn pp. 163-165 Apparatus: Spectrometer, sodium lamp, hydrogen lamp, mercury lamp, diffraction grating, watchmaker eyeglass,
More informationDetermination of Cauchy s Contants
8. Determination of Cauchy s Contants 8.1 Objective: To determine Cauchy s Constants using a prism and spectrometer. Apparatus: Glass prism, spectrometer and mercury vapour lamp. 8. Theory: The wavelength
More informationTHE DIFFRACTION GRATING SPECTROMETER
Purpose Theory THE DIFFRACTION GRATING SPECTROMETER a. To study diffraction of light using a diffraction grating spectrometer b. To measure the wavelengths of certain lines in the spectrum of the mercury
More informationLab 5: Spectroscopy & the Hydrogen Atom Phy248 Spring 2009
Lab 5: Spectroscopy & the Hydrogen Atom Phy248 Spring 2009 Name Section Return this spreadsheet to your TA that will use it to score your lab. To receive full credit you must use complete sentences and
More informationSpeed of Light in Glass
Experiment (1) Speed of Light in Glass Objective:- This experiment is used to determine the speed of propagation of light waves in glass. Apparatus:- Prism, spectrometer, Halogen lamp source. Theory:-
More informationLaboratory #29: Spectrometer
INDIANA UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS, P309 LABORATORY Laboratory #29: Spectrometer Goal: Learn to adjust an optical spectrometer, use a transmission grating to measure known spectral lines of mercury,
More informationPre-lab Quiz/PHYS 224. Your name Lab section
Pre-lab Quiz/PHYS 224 THE DIFFRACTION GRATING AND THE OPTICAL SPECTRUM Your name Lab section 1. What are the goals of this experiment? 2. If the period of a diffraction grating is d = 1,000 nm, where the
More informationDISPERSION OF A GLASS PRISM
PH2 page 1 DISPERSION OF A GLASS PRISM OBJECTIVE The objective of this experiment is to analyze the emission spectrum of helium and to analyze the dispersion of a glass prism by measuring the index of
More informationExperiment #5: Cauchy s Formula
Experiment #5: Cauchy s Formula Carl Adams October 14, 2011 1 Purpose This experiment is a continuation of Experiment #4. It is assumed you have an aligned spectrometer. 2 Safety/Protocol 1. The gas discharge
More informationRydberg constant from atomic spectra of gases
Page 1 of 8 Rydberg constant from atomic spectra of gases Objective - Calibrating a prism spectrometer to convert the scale readings in wavelengths of spectral lines. - Observing the Balmer series of atomic
More informationEXPERIMENT 5:Determination of the refractive index (µ) of the material of a prism using sprectometer
EXPERIMENT 5:Determination of the refractive index (µ) of the material of a prism using sprectometer Debangshu Mukherjee B.Sc Physics,1st year Chennai Mathematical Institute 17.10.008 1 Aim of Experiment
More informationScience Lab I Properties of Light
Art & Science of Light Fall 2007 Science Lab I Properties of Light Prepared by: Dr. Dharshi Bopegedera 1 Using the Filtergraph (15 minutes) 1. Turn on the filtergraph, place a card on it and look at the
More informationEXPERIMENT 14. The Atomic Spectrum of Hydrogen
Name: Laboratory Section: Laboratory Section Date: Partners Names: Grade: Last Revised on March 18, 2003 EXPERIMENT 14 The Atomic Spectrum of Hydrogen 0. Pre-Laboratory Work [2 pts] 1. You will be using
More informationProtokoll. Grundpraktikum II - Optical Spectroscopy
Protokoll Grundpraktikum II - Optical Spectroscopy 1 Elaboration 1.1 Optical Spectroscopy Student: Hauke Rasch, Martin Borchert Tutor: Madsen Date: 22.October2014 This experiment is about the fundamental
More informationEXPERIMENT 12 THE WAVELENGTH OF LIGHT; THE DIFFRACTION GRATING
EXPERIMENT 12 THE WAVELENGTH OF LIGHT; THE DIFFRACTION GRATING INTRODUCTION: One of the most fascinating chapters in the history of physics has been the search for an understanding of the true nature of
More informationE. K. A. ADVANCED PHYSICS LABORATORY PHYSICS 3081, 4051 FRAUNHOFER DIFFRACTION
E. K. A. ADVANCED PHYSICS LABORATORY PHYSICS 3081, 4051 FRAUNHOFER DIFFRACTION References for Fraunhofer Diffraction 1. Jenkins and White Fundamentals of Optics. Chapters on Fraunhofer diffraction and
More informationDispersion and resolving power of the prism and grating spectroscope (Item No.: P )
Dispersion and resolving power of the prism and grating spectroscope (Item No.: P2210300) Curricular Relevance Area of Expertise: Physics Education Level: University Topic: Light and Optics Subtopic: Diffraction
More informationLab 10: Spectroscopy & the Hydrogen Atom Phy208 Fall 2008
Lab 10: Spectroscopy & the Hydrogen Atom Phy208 Fall 2008 Name Section This sheet is the lab document your TA will use to score your lab. It is to be turned in at the end of lab. To receive full credit
More informationAtomic emission spectra experiment
Atomic emission spectra experiment Contents 1 Overview 1 2 Equipment 1 3 Measuring the grating spacing using the sodium D-lines 4 4 Measurement of hydrogen lines and the Rydberg Constant 5 5 Measurement
More informationName Date: Course number: MAKE SURE TA & TI STAMPS EVERY PAGE BEFORE YOU START EXPERIMENT 14. The Atomic Spectrum of Hydrogen
Laboratory Section: Last Revised on September 21, 2016 Partners Names: Grade: EXPERIMENT 14 The Atomic Spectrum of Hydrogen 0. Pre-Laboratory Work [2 pts] 1. You will be using a diffraction grating in
More informationPhysics 24, Spring 2007 Lab 2 - Complex Spectra
Physics 24, Spring 2007 Lab 2 - Complex Spectra Theory The optical spectra of isolated atoms consist of discrete, unequally spaced lines. This fact could not be understood on the basis of classical atomic
More informationThe Quantum Model of the Hydrogen Atom
Physics 109 Science 1 Experiment 1 1 The Quantum Model of the Hydrogen Atom In this experiment you will use a spectrometer to determine the wavelengths of the visible lines of atomic hydrogen. The goal
More informationHYDROGEN SPECTRUM. Figure 1 shows the energy level scheme for the hydrogen atom as calculated from equation. Figure 1 Figure 2
15 Jul 04 Hydrogen.1 HYDROGEN SPECTRUM In this experiment the wavelengths of the visible emission lines of hydrogen (Balmer series) will be measured and compared to the values predicted by Bohr s quantum
More informationEXPERIMENT 12 THE GRATING SPECTROMETER AND ATOMIC SPECTRA
OBJECTIVES Learn the theory of the grating spectrometer Observe the spectrum of mercury and hydrogen Measure the grating constant of a diffraction grating Measure the Rydberg Constant EXPERIMENT THE GRATING
More informationNORTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY PHYSICS DEPARTMENT. Physics 211 E&M and Quantum Physics Spring Lab #9: Diffraction Spectroscopy
NORTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY PHYSICS DEPARTMENT Physics 211 E&M and Quantum Physics Spring 2018 Lab #9: Diffraction Spectroscopy Lab Writeup Due: Mon/Wed/Thu/Fri, April 30/ May 2/3/4, 2018 Background All
More informationThe Emission Spectra of Light
The Emission Spectra of Light Objectives: Theory: 1.... measured the wavelength limits of the color bands in the visible spectrum, 2.... measured the wavelengths of the emission lines of the hydrogen Balmer
More informationTo determine the wavelengths of light emitted by a mercury vapour lamp by using a diffraction grating.
12. Diffraction grating OBJECT To determine the wavelengths of light emitted by a mercury vapour lamp by using a diffraction grating. INTRODUCTION: Consider a light beam transmitted through an aperture
More informationONE-ELECTRON AND TWO-ELECTRON SPECTRA
ONE-ELECTRON AND TWO-ELECTRON SPECTRA (A) FINE STRUCTURE AND ONE-ELECTRON SPECTRUM PRINCIPLE AND TASK The well-known spectral lines of He are used for calibrating the diffraction spectrometer. The wavelengths
More information10. Wavelength measurement using prism spectroscopy
Spk 0. Wavelength measurement using prism spectroscopy 0. Introduction The study of emitted spectra of electromagnetic waves by excited atoms makes for one of the most important methods to investigate
More informationVisible Spectrometer
Visible Spectrometer Experiment VIS University of Florida Department of Physics PHY4803L Advanced Physics Laboratory Objective The Balmer spectral lines from a hydrogen discharge lamp are observed with
More informationUsing the Spectrometer
Using the Spectrometer Introduction When an atom is stimulated it can respond by emitting a spectrum of light. The spectrum comprises discrete wavelengths whose values are characteristic of the particular
More informationAtomic Spectra HISTORY AND THEORY
Atomic Spectra HISTORY AND THEORY When atoms of a gas are excited (by high voltage, for instance) they will give off light. Each element (in fact, each isotope) gives off a characteristic atomic spectrum,
More informationEXPERIMENT NO. 6. OBJECT: To determine the wavelength of any three lines of mercury light by diffraction grating in1 st and 2 nd order spectrum.
EXPEIMENT NO. 6 OBJECT: To determine the wavelength of any three lines of mercury light by diffraction grating in1 st and 2 nd order spectrum. APPAATUS: A diffraction grating, Spectrometer, spirit level,
More informationPC1144 Physics IV. Atomic Spectra
PC1144 Physics IV Atomic Spectra 1 Objectives Investigate how well the visible light wavelengths of hydrogen predicted by the Bohr theory agree with experimental values. Determine an experimental value
More informationSpectrum of Hydrogen. Physics 227 Lab
Introduction In today's lab you will be dealing with an area of physics called quantum mechanics. The only quantum mechanical idea that you will be using today is that electrons in an atom can exist only
More informationAPAS Laboratory { PAGE } Spectroscopy SPECTROSCOPY
SPECTROSCOPY SYNOPSIS: In this lab you will eplore different types of emission spectra, calibrate a spectrometer using the spectrum of a known element, and use your calibration to identify an unknown element.
More informationLAB 10: OPTICAL MATERIALS AND DISPERSION I
OPTI 202L - Geometrical and Instrumental Optics Lab LAB 10: OPTICAL MATERIALS AND DISPERSION I 10-1 Measuring the refractive index of a material is one of the most fundamental optical measurements, and
More informationDispersion of light by a prism
Dispersion of light by a prism Aim: (i) To calculate refractive index µ of a prism for various wavelengths (λ) of Hg and to find dispersive power of the material of the prism (ii) To plot µ-/λ curve and
More informationAny first year text, sections on atomic structure, spectral lines and spectrometers
Physics 33 Experiment 5 Atomic Spectra References Any first year text, sections on atomic structure, spectral lines and spectrometers Any modern physics text, eg F.K. Richtmeyer, E.H. Kennard and J.N.
More informationVisible Spectrometer
Visible Spectrometer Experiment VIS University of Florida Department of Physics PHY4803L Advanced Physics Laboratory Objective The Balmer spectral lines from a hydrogen discharge lamp are observed with
More informationDIFFRACTION GRATING. OBJECTIVE: To use the diffraction grating in the formation of spectra and in the measurement of wavelengths.
DIFFRACTION GRATING OBJECTIVE: To use the diffraction grating in the formation of spectra and in the measurement of wavelengths. THEORY: The operation of the grating is depicted in Fig. 1 on page Lens
More informationATOMIC SPECTRA. To identify elements through their emission spectra. Apparatus: spectrometer, spectral tubes, power supply, incandescent lamp.
ATOMIC SPECTRA Objective: To measure the wavelengths of visible light emitted by atomic hydrogen and verify the measured wavelengths against those predicted by quantum theory. To identify elements through
More informationOptics. Measuring the line spectra of inert gases and metal vapors using a prism spectrometer. LD Physics Leaflets P
Optics Spectrometer Prism spectrometer LD Physics Leaflets P5.7.1.1 Measuring the line spectra of inert gases and metal vapors using a prism spectrometer Objects of the experiment Adjusting the prism spectrometer.
More informationAtomic spectra of one and two-electron systems
Atomic spectra of one and two-electron systems Key Words Term symbol, Selection rule, Fine structure, Atomic spectra, Sodium D-line, Hund s rules, Russell-Saunders coupling, j-j coupling, Spin-orbit coupling,
More informationPolarized Light. Nikki Truss. Abstract:
Polarized Light Nikki Truss 9369481 Abstract: In this experiment, the properties of linearly polarised light were examined. Malus Law was verified using the apparatus shown in Fig. 1. Reflectance of s-polarised
More informationwhere c m s (1)
General Physics Experiment 6 Spectrum of Hydrogen s Emission Lines Objectives: < To determine wave lengths of the bright emission lines of hydrogen. < To test the relationship between wavelength and energy
More informationEmission Spectrum of Atomic Gases. Prelab Questions
Emission Spectrum of Atomic Gases Prelab Questions Before this coming to this lab, please review your text for the physics of the spectrum of visible light and of diffraction grating spectrometer.. Which
More informationThe Grating Spectrometer and Atomic Spectra
PHY 192 Grating Spectrometer Spring 2012 1 The Grating Spectrometer and Atomic Spectra Introduction In the previous experiment diffraction and interference were discussed and at the end a diffraction grating
More informationClassroom. Significance of the Minimum Deviation Position of a Prism
Classroom In this section of Resonance, we invite readers to pose questions likely to be raised in a classroom situation. We may suggest strategies for dealing with them, or invite responses, or both.
More informationAtomic Spectra. d sin θ = mλ (1)
Atomic Spectra Objectives: To measure the wavelengths of visible light emitted by atomic hydrogen and verify that the measured wavelengths obey the empirical Rydberg formula. To observe emission spectra
More informationObservation of Atomic Spectra
Observation of Atomic Spectra Introduction In this experiment you will observe and measure the wavelengths of different colors of light emitted by atoms. You will first observe light emitted from excited
More informationThe Grating Spectrometer and Atomic Spectra
PHY 192 Grating Spectrometer 1 The Grating Spectrometer and Atomic Spectra Introduction In the previous experiment diffraction and interference were discussed and at the end a diffraction grating was introduced.
More informationUNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - SANTA CRUZ DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS PHYS 133 PROFESSOR: SHER. Atomic Spectra. Benjamin Stahl
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - SANTA CRUZ DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS PHYS 133 PROFESSOR: SHER Atomic Spectra Benjamin Stahl Lab Partners: Aaron Lopez & Dillon Teal April 2, 2014 Abstract As an introduction to spectroscopy,
More informationExperiment #4: Optical Spectrometer and the Prism Deviation
Experiment #4: Optical Spectrometer and the Prism Deviation Carl Adams October 2, 2011 1 Purpose In the first part of this lab you will set up and become familiar with an optical spectrometer. In the second
More informationEXPERIMENT 09 OBSERVATION OF SPECTRA
EXPERIMENT 09 OBSERVATION OF SPECTRA INTRODUCTION: In physics, as in very other area of study, one of the most valuable questions a student can learn to ask is, How do they know that? Thus, when you read
More informationNote: Common units for visible light wavelengths are the Angstrom (Å) and the nanometer (nm).
Modern Physics Laboratory Spectra and Spectrometers, Balmer Spectrum of Hydrogen In this experiment, we display continuous and discrete emission spectra and explore the use of several types of spectrometers.
More informationATOMIC SPECTRA. Objective:
1 ATOMIC SPECTRA Objective: To measure the wavelengths of visible light emitted by atomic hydrogen and verify the measured wavelengths against those predicted by quantum theory. To identify an unknown
More informationComplete all the identification fields below or 10% of the lab value will be deduced from your final mark for this lab.
Physical optics Identification page Instructions: Print this page and the following ones before your lab session to prepare your lab report. Staple them together with your graphs at the end. If you forgot
More informationExperiment 7: Spectrum of the Hydrogen Atom
Experiment 7: Spectrum of the Hydrogen Nate Saffold nas2173@columbia.edu Office Hour: Mondays, 5:30-6:30PM INTRO TO EXPERIMENTAL PHYS-LAB 1493/1494/2699 Introduction The physics behind: The spectrum of
More informationUNIT-5 EM WAVES UNIT-6 RAY OPTICS
UNIT-5 EM WAVES 2 Marks Question 1. To which regions of electromagnetic spectrum do the following wavelengths belong: (a) 250 nm (b) 1500 nm 2. State any one property which is common to all electromagnetic
More informationPhysics 23 Fall 1998 Lab 4 - The Hydrogen Spectrum
Physics 3 Fall 998 Lab 4 - The Hydrogen Spectrum Theory In the late 800's, it was known that when a gas is excited by means of an electric discharge and the light emitted is viewed through a diffraction
More informationPHYS 450 Fall semester Lecture 05: Dispersion and the Prism Spectrometer. Ron Reifenberger Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue University
PHYS 450 Fall semester 06 Lecture 05: Dispersion and the Prism Spectrometer Ron Reifenberger Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue University Lecture 05 Prisms Dispersion of Light n n As early as the 3th
More informationHYDROGEN SPECTRUM = 2
MP6 OBJECT 3 HYDROGEN SPECTRUM MP6. The object o this experiment is to observe some o the lines in the emission spectrum o hydrogen, and to compare their experimentally determined wavelengths with those
More informationLab report 30 EXPERIMENT 4. REFRACTION OF LIGHT
30 EXPERIMENT 4. REFRACTION OF LIGHT Lab report Go to your course homepage on Sakai (Resources, Lab templates) to access the online lab report worksheet for this experiment. The worksheet has to be completed
More informationExperiment 24: Spectroscopy
Experiment 24: Spectroscopy Figure 24.1: Spectroscopy EQUIPMENT High Voltage Power Supply Incandescent Light Source (3) Gas Discharge Tubes: 1. Helium 2. Hydrogen 3. Unknown Element Spectrometer Felt (1)
More informationhigh energy state for the electron in the atom low energy state for the electron in the atom
Atomic Spectra Objectives The objectives of this experiment are to: 1) Build and calibrate a simple spectroscope capable of measuring wavelengths of visible light. 2) Measure several wavelengths of light
More informationINTERFEROMETERS. There are 4 principal types of measurements that can be made with this type of interferometer.
INTERFEROMETERS NOTE: Most mirrors in the apparatus are front surface aluminized. Do not touch the surfaces nor wipe them. they can be easily permanently damaged. Introduction This experiment provides
More informationAtomic Emission Spectra
Atomic Emission Spectra Objectives The objectives of this laboratory are as follows: To build and calibrate a simple meter-stick spectroscope that is capable of measuring wavelengths of visible light.
More informationDISPERSION AND SPECTRA CHAPTER 20
CHAPTER 20 DISPERSION AND SPECTRA 20.1 DISPERSION As mentioned earlier, the refractive index of a material depends slightly on the wavelength of light. The relation between the two may be approximately
More informationExperiment 9. Emission Spectra. measure the emission spectrum of a source of light using the digital spectrometer.
Experiment 9 Emission Spectra 9.1 Objectives By the end of this experiment, you will be able to: measure the emission spectrum of a source of light using the digital spectrometer. find the wavelength of
More informationPhysics 1C OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY Rev. 2-AH. Introduction
Introduction In this lab you will use a diffraction grating to split up light into its various colors (like a rainbow). You will assemble a spectrometer, incorporating the diffraction grating. A spectrometer
More informationChapter 8. Spectroscopy. 8.1 Purpose. 8.2 Introduction
Chapter 8 Spectroscopy 8.1 Purpose In the experiment atomic spectra will be investigated. The spectra of three know materials will be observed. The composition of an unknown material will be determined.
More informationLecture 4: Diffraction & Spectroscopy
Lecture 4: Diffraction & Spectroscopy d θ y L Spectra of atoms reveal the quantum nature of matter Take a plastic grating from the bin as you enter class. Lecture 4, p 1 Today s Topics Single-Slit Diffraction*
More informationPhysical Structure of Matter. Fine structure, one-electron and two-electron spectra Physics of the Electron.
Physics of the Electron Physical Structure of Matter Fine structure, one-electron and two-electron spectra What you can learn about Diffraction spec trom e ter Spin Angu lar momen tum Spin-orbi t al angu
More informationPHYS General Physics II Lab The Balmer Series for Hydrogen Source. c = speed of light = 3 x 10 8 m/s
PHYS 1040 - General Physics II Lab The Balmer Series for Hydrogen Source Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to analyze the emission of light from a hydrogen source and measure and the wavelengths
More informationDISPERSION VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS. Two identical prisms made of the same material placed with their based on opposite sides (of the
DISPERSION VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS Q-1. What will be the spectrum of sun during a total solar eclipse? Q-2. Why the secondary rainbow is always fainter than the primary rainbow? Q-3. Two identical
More informationHigher Physics. Particles and Waves
Perth Academy Physics Department Higher Physics Particles and Waves Particles and Waves Homework Standard Model 1 Electric Fields and Potential Difference 2 Radioactivity 3 Fusion & Fission 4 The Photoelectric
More informationJRE Group of Institutions ASSIGNMENT # 1 Special Theory of Relativity
ASSIGNMENT # 1 Special Theory of Relativity 1. What was the objective of conducting the Michelson-Morley experiment? Describe the experiment. How is the negative result of the experiment interpreted? 2.
More informationRAY OPTICS 6. DISPERSION POINTS TO REMEMBER
Y OPTICS 6. DISPESION POINTS TO EMEMBE. Dispersion : a) The splitting of white light into constituent colours is called dispersion and the band of colours is called spectrum. b) Dispersion of light was
More informationDiffraction of light by a grating
(ta initials) first name (print) last name (print) brock id (ab17cd) (lab date) Experiment 5 Diffraction of light by a grating In this Experiment you will learn the geometical analysis of a diffraction
More informationPHYSICS 116 SPECTROSCOPY: DETERMINATION OF THE WAVELENGTH OF LIGHT
Name Date Lab Time Lab TA PHYSICS 116 SPECTROSCOPY: DETERMINATION OF THE WAVELENGTH OF LIGHT I. PURPOSE To use a diffraction grating to investigate the spectra produced by several unknown gas discharge
More informationPHYSICS PRACTICALS MANUAL GE6163 PHYSICS LABORATORY I
PHYSICS PRACTICALS MANUAL GE6163 PHYSICS LABORATORY I (First semester B.E/B.Tech. students for the Academic Year 2016-2017) CONTENTS S. No EXPERIMENTS PAGE NO. 1 a) Determination of wavelength and particle
More informationAtomic Spectra. Eric Reichwein David Steinberg Department of Physics University of California, Santa Cruz. August 30, 2012
Atomic Spectra Eric Reichwein David Steinberg Department of Physics University of California, Santa Cruz August 30, 0 Abstract To observe helium spectral lines we used a spectrometer. From a table of known
More informationCoherence and width of spectral lines with Michelson interferometer
Coherence and width of spectral lines TEP Principle Fraunhofer and Fresnel diffraction, interference, spatial and time coherence, coherence conditions, coherence length for non punctual light sources,
More informationPhysics 1CL OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY Spring 2010
Introduction In this lab, you will use a diffraction grating to split up light into the various colors which make up the different wavelengths of the visible electromagnetic spectrum. You will assemble
More informationName: Date: Room: No.
Station 1 Projecting Visible Spectra (setting direction) Objective: To study the range of colors in the visible spectrum. Procedure: 1. Make a partition with a narrow slot in its center to block all but
More informationInstruction Manual and Experiment Guide for the PASCO scientific Model SP E 2/96 STUDENT SPECTROMETER. Copyright January 1991 $7.
Instruction Manual and Experiment Guide for the PASCO scientific Model SP-9268 012-02135E 2/96 STUDENT SPECTROMETER Copyright January 1991 $7.50 012-02135E Spectrometer Table of Contents Section Page
More informationAtomic Spectra 1. Name Date Partners ATOMIC SPECTRA
Atomic Spectra 1 Name Date Partners ATOMIC SPECTRA Sodium Mercury Lithium Hydrogen Atomic line spectra are characteristic for every element. These are emission spectra (without color). OBJECTIVES Review
More informationLAB 12 ATOMIC SPECTRA
217 Name Date Partners LAB 12 ATOMIC SPECTRA OBJECTIVES Review the quantum nature of light and how light photons are produced in atoms. Learn to use an optical spectrometer to measure light wavelengths.
More informationAS 101: Day Lab #2 Summer Spectroscopy
Spectroscopy Goals To see light dispersed into its constituent colors To study how temperature, light intensity, and light color are related To see spectral lines from different elements in emission and
More informationUniversity of Massachusetts, Amherst
PHYSICS 286: Modern Physics Laboratory SPRING 2010 (A. Dinsmore and K. Kumar) Feb 2009 Experiment 4: THE FRANCK HERTZ EXPERIMENT Electronic Excitations of a Gas, and Evidence for the Quantization of Atomic
More informationPhysics 476LW Advanced Physics Laboratory Atomic Spectroscopy
Physics 476LW Atomic Spectroscopy 1 Introduction The description of atomic spectra and the Rutherford-Geiger-Marsden experiment were the most significant precursors of the so-called Bohr planetary model
More informationDiffraction Gratings, Atomic Spectra. Prof. Shawhan (substituting for Prof. Hall) November 14, 2016
Diffraction Gratings, Atomic Spectra Prof. Shawhan (substituting for Prof. Hall) November 14, 2016 1 Increase number of slits: 2 Visual Comparisons 3 4 8 2 Diffraction Grating Note: despite the name, this
More informationOPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY AND THE ZEEMAN EFFECT Beyond the First Year workshop Philadelphia, July Greg Elliott, University of Puget Sound
OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY AND THE ZEEMAN EFFECT Beyond the First Year workshop Philadelphia, July 5-7 Greg Elliott, University of Puget Sound The Zeeman effect offers a striking visual demonstration of a quantum
More informationLABORATORY WRITE-UP MICHELSON INTERFEROMETER LAB AUTHOR S NAME GOES HERE STUDENT NUMBER:
LABORATORY WRITE-UP MICHELSON INTERFEROMETER LAB AUTHOR S NAME GOES HERE STUDENT NUMBER: 111-22-3333 MICHELSON INTERFEROMETER 1. PURPOSE The purpose of this experiment is to give some practice in using
More informationPHYSICS 122/124 Lab EXPERIMENT NO. 9 ATOMIC SPECTRA
PHYSICS 1/14 Lab EXPERIMENT NO. 9 ATOMIC SPECTRA The purpose of this laboratory is to study energy levels of the Hydrogen atom by observing the spectrum of emitted light when Hydrogen atoms make transitions
More informationExperiment 8 Michelson Interferometer
Experiment 8 Michelson Interferometer Introduction This week s experiment utilizes the Michelson interferometer. You are to measure the wavelength of the green mercury light, the wavelength of the sodium
More informationInterferometers. PART 1: Michelson Interferometer The Michelson interferometer is one of the most useful of all optical instru
Interferometers EP421 Lab Interferometers Introduction: Interferometers are the key to accurate distance measurement using optics. Historically, when mechanical measurements dominated, interferometers
More information