Name Period. Electricity. Session 1- Static Electricity

Transcription

1 Session 1- Static Obj: Explore electricity and subatomic particles, focusing on static electricity Need: Static worksheet, Plasma Panel 1. Using the science dictionary: Sub- is a prefix that means or 2. Looking at the picture on page 2, electrons surround the of an atom 3. What charge are electrons? Positive/Negative 4. The nucleus contains and neutrons 5. Protons have a positive/negative/neutral charge 6. Neutrons have a positive/negative/neutral charge 7. Electrons have a positive/negative/neutral charge 8. Positive charges attracted positive/negative charges and hold together 9. Atoms with a neutral charge have same/different numbers of protons 10. Atoms with uneven (not neutral) numbers of protons and electrons are called 11. Circle the neutral atom and put a square around the ion: A. B. 12. When ions are attracted or repelled, it is called 13. Circle the example of a magnet: A. B. C The extra electrons is called electricity 15. Electrons have a positive/negative charge 16. Negative particles attract positive/negative particles LIGHTNING 1. The excess of negative electrons builds up in the lower clouds and attracts the charged ions on Earth s surface 2. Electrons flow through the path of resistance 3. and living organisms tend to be good conductors of electricity 4. A good conductor means that electrons can/cannot flow easily through them 5. Air is/is not a good conductor (Turn Over)

2 EXPERIMENT 1. The electricity causes the center of the plasma panel to be positively/negatively charged 2. The glass has a positive/negative charge 3. The glass is a good/poor conductor of electricity 4. The electrons move around the of the glass, searching for a path to the 5. Answer question 1 on worksheet. Show Me!! (My initials) SOUND RESPONSE 1. What happened when you made a noise? 2. What happened when you touched it in this mode? DESIGN YOUR OWN EXPERIMENT: What could you test using the plasma panel? 1. Finish your Static worksheet and Show Me!! (My initials) If time, get your session 2 pages and answer questions 2 and 3 on the Basics quiz worksheet

3 Session 2- Basics **QUIZ!!** Obj: Explore/define the terms of a basic simple circuit Need: Basics quiz w.s., circuit board, white board with markers and eraser, bag of pre-cut 20-gauge wires **Possible Issue: Use the same wires that are pre-cut, do NOT EVER cut any wires** 1. Go back to session 1 and answer questions 2 and 3 on quiz 2. flowing through a substance is called an electric 3. Electrons move from positive/negative to positive/negative 4. Negatively charged particles are attracted/repelled to positively charged particles 5. The amount of electrons moving at a certain time is called 6. Current is measured in amperes, also called 7. Voltage is a measure of 8. Match the item to the correct voltage: A. Children s Toy 110 V B. House Electrical Outlet 9 V C. Large Appliances 220 V 9. Opposition means to go with/go against (You can use the dictionary if necessary) 10. Resistance is the opposition to the flow of electrons. That means that electrons do/do not flow easily 11. Resistance is measured in 12. Conductors are materials that electricity flows with resistance 13. That means that electricity does/does not flow easily 14. Insulators are materials that have levels of resistance to the flow of electricity 15. That means that electricity does/does not flow easily 16. Match the term to the descriptions: A. Plastic Conductor Insulator Electrons flow easily B. Metal Electrons do NOT flow easily 17. A circuit is a which electrons flow from to positive 18. Look at the picture- Choose the correct order: A. Switch-Light-Power Source B. Power Source-Switch-Light C. Switch-Power Source-Light 19. Answer question 1 on quiz (Turn Over)

4 EXPERIMENT 1. A simple circuit has 3 things:,, 2. The long line of the battery represents the positive/negative end 3. The short line of the battery represents the positive/negative end 4. Match the terms to the descriptions: A. Battery Starts the electrical flow B. Light Bulb Source C. Switch Load/uses electricity/does the work 5. Show Me!! Your schematic drawing of your circuit (My initials) 6. **The wires are already cut and stripped for you (P. 16)** 7. Show Me!! Your completed circuit and lit up (p. 19) (My initials) 8. Show Me!! Your circuit and motor and I will sign off question 3 on quiz 9. What direction does the motor go? Clockwise (right)/counterclockwise(left) 10. When you switch the wires, does the direction of the motor change? Yes/no 11. In a radio control car, when you reverse the switch, the path of changes and causes the to turn the other direction 12. Answer question 4 on quiz Show Me!! your completed quiz worksheet /20

5 Session 3- Series Circuits Obj: Assemble/Test a series circuit and work with current and resistance Need: circuit board, white board with markers and eraser, bag of pre-cut 20-gauge wires, multimeter with leads **Possible Issue: Do NOT EVER cut any wires** 1. Electrical current is the amount of moving past at a certain time 2. Current is measured in 3. It flows from positive/negative to positive/negative (look at picture) 4. Resistance is measured in 5. Resistance does/does not allow electrons to flow easily 6. High resistance = good/poor flow of electrons = insulator/conductor = metal/plastic 7. Low resistance= good/poor flow of electrons = insulator/conductor = metal/plastic OHM S LAW 1. To find voltage, you must multiply X 2. How many volts is a battery with a current of 3 amps and a resistance of 3 ohms? 3. How many volts is a battery with a current of 2 amps and a resistance of 6 ohms? 4. What is the equation for current? I= 5. 3 conditions for electrons to flow: A. A source is present B. Voltage source is to a conductive material C. The circuit path must be 6. If the path is broken, the current flowing 7. Looking at pictures on page 8: Match the term with the descriptions (draw a line) A. Battery Voltage source B. Wire Conductive material (Turn Over)

6 EXPERIMENT 1-Series Circuits 1. A series circuit provides path for electrons to flow 2. The load on this circuit is the 3. Inside a light bulb is a called a filament 4. When electricity flows through the filament, it gets very and produces the 5. If the filament breaks, will the light bulb still work? Yes/ No 6. A series circuit can/cannot have more than one load 7. There is one/more than one path for electrons to move 8. In a series circuit, what happens when 1 light goes out? 9. When you remove a light bulb, the path is connected/broken and the other light will/will not work TOTAL CURRENT, VOLTAGE, RESISTANCE 1. The total voltage in a series circuit is the of all the voltage sources. 2. Sum means to in math terms 3. The total resistance is the of all resistors in a series circuit 4. The total current is, or the same, at any point in the series circuit EXPERRIMENT 2 1. What was your resistance reading for 1 light? 2. What was your resistance reading for both lights? 3. What do you have to do with the numbers to find the total resistance (p. 21) 4. Disconnect your wires, but nothing else

7 Session 4- Series and Parallel Circuits **QUIZ!!** Obj: Describe/Explain the differences between series and parallel circuits Need: Series and Parallel Circuit quiz w.s., circuit board, white board with markers and eraser, bag of pre-cut wires **Possible Issue: Do NOT EVER cut any wires. You will have to go back to session 3 to answer quiz questions 1, 3, 4** 1. Match term to the correct descriptions: A. Series Alternate pathways One pathway Current flows even if one fails B. Parallel Circuit Breakers in house One goes out, they all go out (current stops flowing) 2. Show Me!! A series circuit drawing from session 3 and I will sign off on quiz question 1 (My initials) 3. Show Me!! A parallel circuit drawing (My initials) EXPERIMENT 1. Show Me!! When your parallel circuit is working (My initials) 2. Show Me!! What happens when you remove one of the lights? 3. I will sign off on question 2 on quiz 4. Which system would be better to wire a classroom: series/parallel 5. Why? POWER 1. Power is the rate of 2. Power = 3. Watt s law is = X 4. Combination of Watt s and Ohm s law is = X 5. Go back to session 3 and answer questions 1, 3 and 4 on quiz 6. How did you find the answer to the question on page 15: add/subtract/multiply/divide 7. Work is: (V) X (amps) X (sec) = (joules) 8. The standard unit of work is called the or a kilowatt-hour 9. There are joules in 1kWh 10. Look at the pictures: Which item requires the most work? Light/stereo/clock 11. How much work does it require(assume time is 1) 12. To do page 17, Follow this pattern for each and add them together (total) V x Amps 1000kW x 24 h x.10 = a. Light b. Stereo c. Clock + (Total) 13. Show Me!! Your calculations (My initials) 14. Disconnect wires only! Turn multimeter off 15. Show Me!! your completed QUIZ worksheet /20 (Turn Over)

8 Session 5- Magnetism Obj: Diagram/Investigate magnetic fields, magnets and electromagnetism Need: Iron filing board with magnets and paper clips (T.A. or Teacher), circuit board, white board with markers and eraser, bag of pre-cut 20-gauge wires, wire roll, screwdriver **Possible Issue: Do NOT EVER cut any wires ** RCA HELP Question 1: Remember % Decimal: move the decimal 2 places to the left (ex: 15%.15) EXPERIMENT 1 1. Each magnet has a and a pole 2. Like poles attract/repel 3. Unlike poles attract/repel 4. If the magnets stick together the poles are the same/opposite 5. If the magnets repel each other, the poles are the same/opposite 6. Magnetic field lines move from one to another 7. As a result, one magnet can be used to set another magnet in 8. The magnet will push away if the poles are alike/opposite 9. The magnet will pull toward the other if the poles are alike/opposite 10. Match the terms with the descriptions (may need dictionary) A. Attract Push away B. Repel Come together 11. Show Me!! Your drawing of the magnetic field (p. 5) (My initials) 12. Show Me!! When you have the iron filings showing the magnetic field (P. 7) (My initials) 13. The lines in the middle moved toward/away from each other 14. Show Me!! Your drawing of the magnetic fields of the 2 magnets and the iron filing board (My initials) 15. When you reverse the magnets, the lines attract/repel 16. Show Me!! Your drawing when the magnets like poles face each other (p. 16) (My initials) ELECTROMAGNETS 1. When a wire is coiled, the magnetic field is 2. When the center of the coil is an iron core, the magnetic field is intensified more/less 3. The core concentrates the magnetic lines of force and produces an 4. Electromagnets are far more/less powerful than an ordinary magnet 5. Electromagnets turn on and off with the flow of through the wire coil EXPERIMENT 2 1. Possible Issue: When wrapping the wire, leave about 6 inches on each side free 2. What happened when you touch the screwdriver to the paperclips? 3. The electrons from the battery, passing through the wire, turned the screwdriver into a strong/weak electromagnet 4. The more electricity passing through the wire will make a stronger/weaker electromagnet 5. Show Me!! Your list on page 22 of uses of magnets or electromagnets (My initials)

9 Session 6- Voltage and **TEST REVIEW** Obj: Differentiate between AC and DC, generate electricity using a magnet Need: Circuit board, multimeter with leads, wires, connection leads with alligator clips, 3 colored wires and 1 bar magnet (T.A. or Teacher) **Possible Issue: Do NOT EVER cut any of the colored wires** 1. in homes has very high/low voltage 2. Most home outlets are -volts MEASURING ELECTRICITY 1. Match the terms to the correct descriptions: A. Volt Can turn on or off, amps, amount of electricity through circuit B. Current Reduces amount of electrons through a circuit, ohms, slows down movement C. Resistance Measure of electrical pressure, volts, pushes electricity 2. Electrical power is measured in 3. Power (watts) = (V) x (I) EXPERIMENT 1. Show Me!! Your series circuit (My initials) go back to session 3 for help 2. The digital multimeter will measure the in this circuit 3. DC stands for current, produced by batteries 4. AC stands for current, found in most homes 5. Match the term with the correct descriptions: A. AC Magnet spins in a generator, alternates cycles of direction(goes one way and then the other) and magnitude (strength) B. DC Constant, same direction and magnitude (strength) 6. Page 14-Make sure the decimal is in the correct place 7. Show Me!! Your multimeter readings on page 16 (My initials) 8. After turning the lights on, the voltage reading increases/decreases 9. Why? Show Me!! Your response on page 17 (My initials) (Turn Over)

10 EXPERIMENT 2 1. If a magnet is placed inside of a coil of wire, an electric is produced 2. **Possible Issue: We may have to use a white alligator clip lead instead of red if it isn t available** 3. When a magnet passes through the spool of wire, electricity flows in direction 4. When the magnet passes back through, the electricity is 5. This creates an alternating/direct current 6. Does moving the spool change the voltage? Yes/No 7. The voltage increases/decreases when you place the magnet in the spool (Turn Over) 8. The voltage increases/decreases when you move the magnet faster 9. Increasing the voltage means increasing/decreasing electrical current 10. The copper/green wire has a higher voltage reading 11. What was your reading for the: A. Copper wire B. Green wire C. Red wire 12. The wire had the highest voltage reading You may play Bloop or Critter Cross to prepare for your Post Test tomorrow!

11 Session 7- Measuring Resistance**POST TEST-100pts!!**QUIZ!!** Obj: Measure current and its factors, differentiate between insulators and conductors Need: Circuit board, white board with markers and eraser, bag of pre-cut 20-gauge wires, insulator/conductor board, multimeter with leads **Possible Issue: Do NOT EVER cut any wires** Take your Post Test and use your NOTES-it is worth 100 points! 1. Current is the measure of the number of flowing in a circuit 2. The unit to measure current is in 3. Show Me!! Your series circuit (My initials) 4. Show Me!! The proper set up of the multimeter and I will sign off on #1 on quiz (My initials) EXPERIMENT 1. Show Me!! What happens when you touch the open ports Page 7 (My initials) 2. What was your reading? 3. Show Me!! Your motor using the leads and one wire on page 11 (My initials) 4. How much current is needed? 5. What is the reading when you place your finger on the motor shaft? 6. It is using more/less electricity 7. It is doing more/less work because you added a to it (p. 13) 8. Place wires and circuit board back into bag and proper drawer INSULATORS AND CONDUCTORS 1. Resistance is measured in 2. Materials with a high resistance will have a big/small number of ohms 3. High resistance = insulator/conductor 4. In an insulator, electricity will/will not flow through it easily 5. Material with a low resistance will have a big/small number of ohms 6. Low resistance = insulator/conductor 7. In a conductor, electricity will/will not flow through it easily 8. Answer questions 2 and 3 on quiz (Turn Over)

12 EXPERIMENT 2 1. If current can flow, resistance is 2. Low resistance will have a high/low ohm reading and is a good insulator/conductor 3. How much current is flowing through your body? 4. Show Me!! Your predictions on page 20 (My initials) 5. Page 21: If a sound is present, the material has a low reading and makes a good conductor 6. If there is no sound, an will be displayed, which stands for out of, and makes it an 7. Sound= conductor/insulator 8. No Sound= conductor/insulator 9. Show Me!! Your completed chart on page 22 (My initials) 10. How many did you get right? 11. How many did you get wrong? 12. Answer question 4 on quiz 13. If time, test the resistance of each insulator (p. 23) 14. Every use of electricity involves some to the flow of electrons REVIEW 1. is the most noticeable effect in a light bulb. 2. When the filament is heated, as passes through it, it begins to 3. Fuses circuits when wires overheat Show Me!! your completed quiz worksheet /20