THE NETMIX REACTOR: 3D CFD MODELLING AND PRESSURE DROP MEASUREMENTS
|
|
- Jasmin French
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 14 th European Conference on Mixing Warszawa, September 2012 THE NETMIX REACTOR: 3D CFD MODELLING AND PRESSURE DROP MEASUREMENTS Carlos M. Fonte, M. Enis Leblebici, Madalena M. Dias, José Carlos B. Lopes Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, Porto, Portugal Abstract. Three NETmix prototypes with different geometry were used to obtain experimental data of pressure drop and a model for predicting pressure drop in NETmix reactors was developed. This model incorporates a single adjustable parameter and it is only dependent on the geometric configuration of the network. The dynamic measurement of pressure drop was used to evaluate the mixing dynamics in the NETmix chambers and, above the critical Reynolds number, the natural oscillation frequency was quantified. Furthermore, a three-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) transport model was also developed and validated. The energy performance of the three NETmix prototypes was quantified and shown to be competitive with the compared existing static mixers by evaluating the power number and Z factor. The new 3D CFD transport model allows the computation of transport properties and overcomes the need of obtaining experimental data each time a new NETmix configuration is designed. Keywords: NETmix reactor, pressure drop, power number, Z factor, CFD. 1. INTRODUCTION The NETmix Reactor is a new technology [1] consisting of a network of mixing chambers interconnected by transport s (Figure 1a). Networks are generated by the repetition of unit cells where each unit cell consists of one chamber and two inlet and two outlet s oriented at a 45º angle from the main flow direction and can either be constructed from cylindrical chambers and rectangular cross section area s (2D unit cell, Figure 1b) or from spherical chambers and cylindrical s (3D unit cell, Figure 1c). (a) (b) (c) Figure 1. a) Representation of the NETmix network; b) 2D unit cell; c) 3D unit cell. Above a critical Reynolds number, the flow inside the mixing chambers evolves to a self-sustained oscillatory laminar flow regime inducing local strong laminar mixing. This occurs due to the geometric characteristics of NETmix network. A network model was developed to describe and predict the behaviour and performance of NETmix [2]. From the point of view of modelling, it was shown that chambers can be assumed to behave as 107
2 perfectly mixing zones and the s as plug flow perfect segregation zones. The NETmix Reactor can therefore be understood, along the main flow direction, as a plug flow reactor with local maximum mixing. The mixing degree was defined and quantified [2, 3] showing that mixing can be controlled effectively and efficiently making it particularly suited for complex and fast kinetics reactions. However, the performance of the NETmix reactor, in terms of energy requirements, was yet to be studied and compared with others mixers. The main goal of this work was the development of a model that describes the pressure drop along NETmix reactors and its validation with experimental data and CFD simulations. From this pressure drop model, it is possible to evaluate the performance of any NETmix reactor topology by defining two benchmarking properties, the power number and Z factor, for comparison with other type of mixers. 2. PRESSURE DROP MODELLING 2.1 Pressure drop model The total pressure drop of each unit cell, Δ puc, was modelled using an analogy with an equivalent pure resistive electric circuit [4], where the flow rate through the s corresponds to the current across the resistance branches and the pressure drop between chambers corresponds to the voltage between nodes and is expressed by Δ puc = Rq where R is the total hydraulic resistance from the inlet to the outlet of the unit cell and q is the flow rate through the. This hydrodynamic model assumes the flow to be isothermal, incompressible and steady and the hydraulic resistance to be the sum of three F LF NLF F LF terms, R = R + R + R where R is the friction resistance in the s, and R and NLF R are hydraulic resistances related to the contractions and expansions in the chambers. The friction resistance in laminar regime is given by 2 2 ( ) μ ( ) R F = 12fρl o q d A = 32 l o d A (1) h h where f is the friction factor, ρ is the fluid density, l o is the length, d h is the hydraulic diameter, A is the cross sectional area. The linear flow resistance, LF R, in the chamber was defined by Koplik [5] as ( h ) = 32μ (2) LF * 2 R l d A * where l = 2d h π for this kind of geometry. This resistance exists whenever an unbounded jet flow is to be considered. When the fluid leaves the, the canonical friction term cannot model the energy transfer in the chamber as the flow is not bounded by the walls. Instead, the fluid s solid is replaced with a viscous surrounding as long as the NLF jet keeps its form. The nonlinear flow hydraulic resistance, R, that takes into account the energy dissipation due to accelerations/decelerations in the mixing chambers is modelled as NLF R = 12ρKq A (3) 2 where K is a coefficient analogous to the coefficients for sudden contractions and expansions generally used in the calculation of pressure drop in pipe systems. The value of K only depends on the geometrical characteristics of NETmix and can be determined from CFD simulations or experimental data. The total pressure drop in the system, Δ pnetmix, can then be determined by the sum of the pressure drop for the total number of rows in the flow direction. 108
3 From the dynamic measurement of pressure drop it is also possible to evaluate the mixing dynamics in the NETmix. Above a certain Reynolds number in the, known as the critical Reynolds number, the flow inside the mixing chambers evolves to a self-sustained oscillatory flow regime inducing local strong laminar mixing. These oscillations are intrinsic to the nature of the flow and not determined by external factors [6]. The natural frequency of these oscillations, f osc, in NETmix mixing chambers was proposed to be related to the residence time inside the chambers [6] and is expressed as ( ) fosc = 1τ = Vchamber μ dh Aρ Re (4) where τ is the residence time, V chamber is the volume of the chamber, and Re is the Reynolds number defined as Re = ρdhυ μ where υ is the average velocity at the. 2.2 Assessment of different mixers A common approach in the analysis of the power consumption in stirred tanks is to plot the power curve, that is the relationship between the dimensionless power number and the Reynolds number. The dimensionless power number, N p, is defined as the ratio between the total amount of energy supplied to the system and the energy that is needed to cause the fluid motion necessary for mixing. For the NETmix system operating in laminar regime, the power number can be expressed as o ( ) ( π ) ( ) ( ) NP =Δpmixer Δpmixer Δ pfriction = 1+ l + 2dh dhk 64 Re (5) where Δ pmixer is the mixer s pressure drop and Δ pfriction is the pressure drop due to friction. Another common way of interpreting the pressure drop for static mixers is by the Z factor. It is defined as the ratio between the pressure drop through the static mixer, Δ pstatic mixer, and the pressure drop through an empty tube of equal length and diameter, Δ pempty tube. For the NETmix geometry, the Z factor for laminar regime is expressed as o 0 0 ( h ) h ( ) Z =Δpstatic mixer Δ pempty tube = l + 2d π L + d K 64L Re (6) As can be seen in Equations 9 and 10, for the same Reynolds number, both the power number and the Z factor, are not dependent on the fluid properties, and are only dependent on the geometrical configuration of the NETmix reactor. 2.3 Experimental setup For these studies, three different NETmix geometries, built for different purposes, were used: one geometry with spherical chambers and cylindrical s and two geometries with cylindrical chambers and rectangular cross section area s. The geometrical characteristics of the three prototypes are summarized in Table 1. Water and glycerol solutions of 10%, 20% and 60% in mass were used in the measurements and the studies were carried out at room temperature. The differential pressure drop was measured with a pressure transducer at the inlet and outlet of each NETmix prototype at the reactor s inlet and outlet. Furthermore, the Lab-scale NETmix 2D front cover was also drilled at 2/3 in height to measure the pressure difference along the time at two outlet s from the same chamber. The pressure sensor was calibrated for each set of experiments so the voltage signal acquired could be converted to differential pressure. The pressure sensor sends voltage data to the computer via a data acquisition board. 109
4 Table 1. NETmix prototypes geometrical characteristics. Geometry Lab-scale Multi-inlet NETmix 3D NETmix 2D NETmix 2D Number of rows, n x Number of columns, n y Chamber diameter, D (mm) Channel diameter, d (mm) Geometry depth, ω (mm) Channel length, l o (mm) Total volume, V (ml) CFD MODEL Due to computer memory limitations, it is not possible to simulate, with the necessary grid refinement, the whole NETmix flow domain. Since the geometry and the expected pattern of the flow have a periodically repetitive nature, it is possible to simulate a larger system by modeling a small part that is far from its edge. The model s 3D geometry consists of a portion of the lab-scale NETmix 2D reactor prototype with 5 rows and 3 columns. The chambers of the first and third columns are half chambers and to their outer limits, a periodic boundary condition was applied as can be seen in Figure 2. At the chamber and walls a no-slip condition was assumed. A uniform velocity profile was applied to the network inlet s and a constant and uniform pressure value was set at the network outlet s. The fluid used in the simulation was water with constant physical properties at room temperature. The flow field simulation is achieved by numerical integration of the continuity and Navier-Stokes equations. The 3D simulations were performed in an Intel Xeon 3GHz 8-core machine running the finite-volume commercial CFD software ANSYS Fluent A refined computational grid with 1.33 million elements was used. As an initial condition for the transient simulations, steady state simulations were performed. Non-friction walls were placed in the middle of the chamber to keep the flow segregated. The transient simulations were performed for a total flow time of 15τ. Outlets Periodic surfaces Periodic surfaces Inlets 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Figure 2. Boundary conditions 4.1 Pressure drop experimental results An averaged value of the dynamic measurement of the signal received from the pressure transducer was converted to differential pressure. Figure 3 summarizes the pressure drop measurement results obtained for the three NETmix prototypes and the respective model fitting. To find the value of K, the experimental data was fitted to the model by the least squares method and the model was considered to fit well the experimental data with maximum deviations of 15%. The flow oscillations may be characterized by studying their frequency using power spectral analysis. The power spectral analysis was performed to the fluctuation of the signal 110
5 with time obtained with the pressure transducer for the Lab-scale NETmix 2D prototype. The signal was obtained from two measuring points at two outlets of a single chamber located at a middle region of the NETmix reactor. For a given Reynolds number, the dominant peak indicates the natural frequency of oscillation inside the chambers and is shown in Figure 4. The frequency of oscillation is fitted by a universal model (Equation 4), with a maximum deviation of 10%, and is only dependent on inertial effects: the flow rate and reactor volume. (a) (b) (c) Figure 3. Pressure drop obtained experimentally and model fitting for a) Lab-scale NETmix 2D, b) NETmix 3D; c) Multi-Inlet NETmix 2D. 4.2 Benchmarking Power number results for the three NETmix prototypes are shown in Figure 5. These results are compared with power number data of stirred tank mixers with different impeller designs obtained in the literature [7]. Results show that the power number for NETmix decreases with increasing Reynolds number and becomes significantly lower than the corresponding values for stirred tanks. Figure 4. Frequency of oscillation as a function of the Reynolds number. Figure 5. Power Number plot for the NETmix prototypes and for several stirred tanks with different impellers [7]. Figure 6 shows the Z factor values for the NETmix prototypes as a function of the Reynolds number. In this range of Reynolds numbers, the three prototypes exhibit Z factor values one order of magnitude lower than the commercial static mixers data found in the literature [8] and therefore can be operated with smaller pressure drops and, consequently, with a reduced consumption of energy. 4.3 CFD Simulation Results The CFD simulation results were compared to the experimental data and to the model fitting for the Lab-scale NETmix 2D prototype (Figure 7). The experimental data and the CFD simulation results are in a good agreement with a maximum deviation of 15%. It can be concluded that CFD simulations can be used to evaluate the pressure drop through NETmix reactor and overcome the need of experimental data for new configurations. 111
6 Figure 6. Z factor for the NETmix prototypes as a function of Re. The gray area corresponds to a typical range of Z factors for some commercial statics mixers [8]. 5. Figure 7. Pressure drop as a function of the Reynolds number obtained experimentally and from CFD simulations. CONCLUSIONS Experimental data of pressure drop obtained from three different NETmix prototypes was used to develop a model for prediction of the pressure drop with a single adjustable parameter that is only dependent on the geometric configuration of the network. The dynamic pressure measurements were also used to assess mixing dynamics in NETmix reactor and to confirm and extend a previously proposed model for the frequency of oscillation in the chambers. NETmix s mixing efficiency was previously estimated. However from this work, its energy performance was quantified and shown to be competitive with existing mixers by evaluating N P and Z factor for the three NETmix prototypes. The new 3D CFD transport model allows the computation of transport properties and overcomes the need of experiments each time a new NETmix configuration is designed. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work is partially financed by FEDER Funding through COMPETE - Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade, and by Portuguese National Funding through FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia within the scope of project PEstC/EQB/LA0020/2011. Carlos M. Fonte gratefully acknowledges the PhD grant from FCT (SFRH/BD/39040/2007). 6. REFERENCES [1] Lopes J.C.B., Laranjeira P.E., Dias M.M., Martins A.A., "Network mixer and related mixing process". PCT/IB2005/000647, February European Patent EP B1, October [2] Laranjeira P.E., Martins A.A., Lopes J.C.B., Dias M.M., "NETmix, a new type of static mixer: Modeling, simulation, macromixing, and micromixing characterization", AIChE Journal, 55, [3] Gomes P.J., Fonte C.P., Santos R.J., Dias M.M., Lopes J.C.B., "Experimental and numerical characterization and quantification of mixing in a NETmix reactor", in: ECCE 7-7th European Congress of Chemical Engineering & CHISA th internation Congress and Process Engineering, Process Engineerig Publisher, Prahe, Prague, Czech Republic. [4] Martins A.A., Laranjeira P.E., Lopes J.C.B., Dias M.M., "Network modeling of flow in a packed bed", AIChE Journal, 53, [5] Koplik J., "Creeping flow in two-dimensional networks", Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 119, [6] Laranjeira P.E., "NETmix Static Mixer Modelling, CFD Simulation and Experimental Characterisation", in: Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade do Porto, Porto. [7] Bates R.L., Fondy P.L., Corpstein R.R., "Examination of Some Geometric Parameters of Impeller Power", Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Process Design and Development, 2, [8] Thakur R.K., Vial C., Nigam K.D.P., Nauman E.B., Djelveh G., "Static Mixers in the Process Industries A Review", Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 81,
Numerical analysis of fluid flow and heat transfer in 2D sinusoidal wavy channel
Numerical analysis of fluid flow and heat transfer in 2D sinusoidal wavy channel Arunanshu Chakravarty 1* 1 CTU in Prague, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Process Engineering,Technická
More informationTable of Contents. Preface... xiii
Preface... xiii PART I. ELEMENTS IN FLUID MECHANICS... 1 Chapter 1. Local Equations of Fluid Mechanics... 3 1.1. Forces, stress tensor, and pressure... 4 1.2. Navier Stokes equations in Cartesian coordinates...
More informationEnhancing the RIM process with pulsation technology: CFD study
Enhancing the RIM process with pulsation technology: CFD study Proceedings of European Congress of Chemical Engineering (ECCE-6) Copenhagen, 16-20 September 2007 Enhancing the RIM process with pulsation
More informationSupplementary Information for Engineering and Analysis of Surface Interactions in a Microfluidic Herringbone Micromixer
Supplementary Information for Engineering and Analysis of Surface Interactions in a Microfluidic Herringbone Micromixer Thomas P. Forbes and Jason G. Kralj National Institute of Standards and Technology,
More informationStudy on residence time distribution of CSTR using CFD
Indian Journal of Chemical Technology Vol. 3, March 16, pp. 114-1 Study on residence time distribution of CSTR using CFD Akhilesh Khapre*, Divya Rajavathsavai & Basudeb Munshi Department of Chemical Engineering,
More informationBasic Fluid Mechanics
Basic Fluid Mechanics Chapter 6A: Internal Incompressible Viscous Flow 4/16/2018 C6A: Internal Incompressible Viscous Flow 1 6.1 Introduction For the present chapter we will limit our study to incompressible
More informationCalculation of Power and Flow Capacity of Rotor / Stator Devices in VisiMix RSD Program.
Calculation of Power and Flow Capacity of Rotor / Stator Devices in VisiMix RSD Program. L.N.Braginsky, D.Sc. (Was invited to be presented on the CHISA 2010-13th Conference on Process Integration, Modelling
More informationAnalysis of the Cooling Design in Electrical Transformer
Analysis of the Cooling Design in Electrical Transformer Joel de Almeida Mendes E-mail: joeldealmeidamendes@hotmail.com Abstract This work presents the application of a CFD code Fluent to simulate the
More informationCHAPTER 7 NUMERICAL MODELLING OF A SPIRAL HEAT EXCHANGER USING CFD TECHNIQUE
CHAPTER 7 NUMERICAL MODELLING OF A SPIRAL HEAT EXCHANGER USING CFD TECHNIQUE In this chapter, the governing equations for the proposed numerical model with discretisation methods are presented. Spiral
More informationCFD STUDIES IN THE PREDICTION OF THERMAL STRIPING IN AN LMFBR
CFD STUDIES IN THE PREDICTION OF THERMAL STRIPING IN AN LMFBR K. Velusamy, K. Natesan, P. Selvaraj, P. Chellapandi, S. C. Chetal, T. Sundararajan* and S. Suyambazhahan* Nuclear Engineering Group Indira
More informationNumerical study of blood fluid rheology in the abdominal aorta
Design and Nature IV 169 Numerical study of blood fluid rheology in the abdominal aorta F. Carneiro 1, V. Gama Ribeiro 2, J. C. F. Teixeira 1 & S. F. C. F. Teixeira 3 1 Universidade do Minho, Departamento
More informationCFD Analysis of Forced Convection Flow and Heat Transfer in Semi-Circular Cross-Sectioned Micro-Channel
CFD Analysis of Forced Convection Flow and Heat Transfer in Semi-Circular Cross-Sectioned Micro-Channel *1 Hüseyin Kaya, 2 Kamil Arslan 1 Bartın University, Mechanical Engineering Department, Bartın, Turkey
More informationMODA. Modelling data documenting one simulation. NewSOL energy storage tank
MODA Modelling data documenting one simulation NewSOL energy storage tank Metadata for these elements are to be elaborated over time Purpose of this document: Definition of a data organisation that is
More informationChemical and Biomolecular Engineering 150A Transport Processes Spring Semester 2017
Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering 150A Transport Processes Spring Semester 2017 Objective: Text: To introduce the basic concepts of fluid mechanics and heat transfer necessary for solution of engineering
More informationNumerical study of the flow of FENE-CR viscoelastic fluids in a planar cross-slot geometry
Numerical study of the flow of FENE-CR viscoelastic fluids in a planar cross-slot geometry G.N. Rocha 1, R.J. Poole 2, M.A. Alves 3 and P.J. Oliveira 1 1 Universidade da Beira Interior, Departamento de
More informationNumerical Analysis of Tube-Fin Heat Exchanger using Fluent
Numerical Analysis of Tube-Fin Heat Exchanger using Fluent M. V. Ghori & R. K. Kirar Patel college of Science and Technology, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidhyalaya, Ratibad, Bhopal- 462036, India E-mail
More informationStudies on flow through and around a porous permeable sphere: II. Heat Transfer
Studies on flow through and around a porous permeable sphere: II. Heat Transfer A. K. Jain and S. Basu 1 Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi 110016, India
More informationFriction Factors and Drag Coefficients
Levicky 1 Friction Factors and Drag Coefficients Several equations that we have seen have included terms to represent dissipation of energy due to the viscous nature of fluid flow. For example, in the
More informationLaminar flow heat transfer studies in a twisted square duct for constant wall heat flux boundary condition
Sādhanā Vol. 40, Part 2, April 2015, pp. 467 485. c Indian Academy of Sciences Laminar flow heat transfer studies in a twisted square duct for constant wall heat flux boundary condition RAMBIR BHADOURIYA,
More informationInternational Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 6, Issue 5, May ISSN
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 6, Issue 5, May-2015 28 CFD BASED HEAT TRANSFER ANALYSIS OF SOLAR AIR HEATER DUCT PROVIDED WITH ARTIFICIAL ROUGHNESS Vivek Rao, Dr. Ajay
More informationMODELLING THE INTERACTION BETWEEN WATER WAVES AND THE OSCILLATING WATER COLUMN WAVE ENERGY DEVICE. Utku Şentürk, Aydoğan Özdamar
Mathematical and Computational Applications, Vol. 16, No. 3, pp. 630-640, 2011. Association for Scientific Research MODELLING THE INTERACTION BETWEEN WATER WAVES AND THE OSCILLATING WATER COLUMN WAVE ENERGY
More informationHead loss coefficient through sharp-edged orifices
Head loss coefficient through sharp-edged orifices Nicolas J. Adam, Giovanni De Cesare and Anton J. Schleiss Laboratory of Hydraulic Constructions, Ecole Polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
More informationNumerical simulation of fluid flow in a monolithic exchanger related to high temperature and high pressure operating conditions
Advanced Computational Methods in Heat Transfer X 25 Numerical simulation of fluid flow in a monolithic exchanger related to high temperature and high pressure operating conditions F. Selimovic & B. Sundén
More informationWater Circuit Lab. The pressure drop along a straight pipe segment can be calculated using the following set of equations:
Water Circuit Lab When a fluid flows in a conduit, there is friction between the flowing fluid and the pipe walls. The result of this friction is a net loss of energy in the flowing fluid. The fluid pressure
More informationSTRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF A WESTFALL 2800 MIXER, BETA = 0.8 GFS R1. By Kimbal A. Hall, PE. Submitted to: WESTFALL MANUFACTURING COMPANY
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF A WESTFALL 2800 MIXER, BETA = 0.8 GFS-411519-1R1 By Kimbal A. Hall, PE Submitted to: WESTFALL MANUFACTURING COMPANY OCTOBER 2011 ALDEN RESEARCH LABORATORY, INC. 30 Shrewsbury Street
More informationInvestigation of Non-Newtonian Fluids Flow Behavior in a Double Step Expansion Channel: Part 1
Investigation of Non-Newtonian Fluids Flow Behavior in a Double Step Expansion Channel: Part 1 Qais A. Rishack Mechanical Engineering Department Engineering College, Basra University Basra, Iraq Khudheyer
More informationAN UNCERTAINTY ESTIMATION EXAMPLE FOR BACKWARD FACING STEP CFD SIMULATION. Abstract
nd Workshop on CFD Uncertainty Analysis - Lisbon, 19th and 0th October 006 AN UNCERTAINTY ESTIMATION EXAMPLE FOR BACKWARD FACING STEP CFD SIMULATION Alfredo Iranzo 1, Jesús Valle, Ignacio Trejo 3, Jerónimo
More informationAn overview of the Hydraulics of Water Distribution Networks
An overview of the Hydraulics of Water Distribution Networks June 21, 2017 by, P.E. Senior Water Resources Specialist, Santa Clara Valley Water District Adjunct Faculty, San José State University 1 Outline
More informationNUMERICAL SIMULATION OF FLUID FLOW BEHAVIOUR ON SCALE UP OF OSCILLATORY BAFFLED COLUMN
Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Vol. 7, No. 1 (2012) 119-130 School of Engineering, Taylor s University NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF FLUID FLOW BEHAVIOUR ON SCALE UP OF OSCILLATORY BAFFLED COLUMN
More informationComparison of Turbulence Models in the Flow over a Backward-Facing Step Priscila Pires Araujo 1, André Luiz Tenório Rezende 2
Comparison of Turbulence Models in the Flow over a Backward-Facing Step Priscila Pires Araujo 1, André Luiz Tenório Rezende 2 Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Military Engineering Institute,
More informationFlow Generated by Fractal Impeller in Stirred Tank: CFD Simulations
Flow Generated by Fractal Impeller in Stirred Tank: CFD Simulations Gunwant M. Mule and Amol A. Kulkarni* Chem. Eng. & Proc. Dev. Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, INDIA *Corresponding
More informationFigure 3: Problem 7. (a) 0.9 m (b) 1.8 m (c) 2.7 m (d) 3.6 m
1. For the manometer shown in figure 1, if the absolute pressure at point A is 1.013 10 5 Pa, the absolute pressure at point B is (ρ water =10 3 kg/m 3, ρ Hg =13.56 10 3 kg/m 3, ρ oil = 800kg/m 3 ): (a)
More informationPrinciples of Convection
Principles of Convection Point Conduction & convection are similar both require the presence of a material medium. But convection requires the presence of fluid motion. Heat transfer through the: Solid
More information3D Simulation of the Plunger Cooling during the Hollow Glass Forming Process Model, Validation and Results
Thomas Bewer, Cham, CH 3D Simulation of the Plunger Cooling during the Hollow Glass Forming Process Model, Validation and Results A steady state model to describe the flow and temperature distribution
More informationSupplementary material. Ohmic heating as a new efficient process for organic synthesis in water
Supplementary material Ohmic heating as a new efficient process for organic synthesis in water Joana Pinto, a Vera L. M. Silva, a* Ana M. G. Silva, b Artur M. S. Silva, a* José C. S. Costa, c Luís M. N.
More informationComputational and Experimental Studies of Fluid flow and Heat Transfer in a Calandria Based Reactor
Computational and Experimental Studies of Fluid flow and Heat Transfer in a Calandria Based Reactor SD Ravi 1, NKS Rajan 2 and PS Kulkarni 3 1 Dept. of Aerospace Engg., IISc, Bangalore, India. ravi@cgpl.iisc.ernet.in
More informationSimplified Model of WWER-440 Fuel Assembly for ThermoHydraulic Analysis
1 Portál pre odborné publikovanie ISSN 1338-0087 Simplified Model of WWER-440 Fuel Assembly for ThermoHydraulic Analysis Jakubec Jakub Elektrotechnika 13.02.2013 This work deals with thermo-hydraulic processes
More information10.52 Mechanics of Fluids Spring 2006 Problem Set 3
10.52 Mechanics of Fluids Spring 2006 Problem Set 3 Problem 1 Mass transfer studies involving the transport of a solute from a gas to a liquid often involve the use of a laminar jet of liquid. The situation
More informationPARTICLE DISPERSION IN ENCLOSED SPACES USING A LAGRANGIAN MODEL
IV Journeys in Multiphase Flows (JEM 217) March 27-31, 217, São Paulo, SP, Brazil Copyright 217 by ABCM Paper ID: JEM-217-4 PARTICLE DISPERSION IN ENCLOSED SPACES USING A LAGRANGIAN MODEL Ana María Mosquera
More informationNumerical and Experimental Study on the Effect of Guide Vane Insertion on the Flow Characteristics in a 90º Rectangular Elbow
Numerical and Experimental Study on the Effect of Guide Vane Insertion on the Flow Characteristics in a 90º Rectangular Elbow Sutardi 1, Wawan A. W., Nadia, N. and Puspita, K. 1 Mechanical Engineering
More informationNumerical Investigation of Effects of Ramification Length and Angle on Pressure Drop and Heat Transfer in a Ramified Microchannel
Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 767-772, 2016. Available online at www.jafmonline.net, ISSN 1735-3572, EISSN 1735-3645. Numerical Investigation of Effects of Ramification Length
More informationMode switching and hysteresis in the edge tone
Journal of Physics: Conference Series Mode switching and hysteresis in the edge tone To cite this article: I Vaik and G Paál 2011 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 268 012031 View the article online for updates and
More information150A Review Session 2/13/2014 Fluid Statics. Pressure acts in all directions, normal to the surrounding surfaces
Fluid Statics Pressure acts in all directions, normal to the surrounding surfaces or Whenever a pressure difference is the driving force, use gauge pressure o Bernoulli equation o Momentum balance with
More informationAnalysis of Mixing Chambers for the Processing of Two-Component Adhesives for Transport Applications
Analysis of Mixing Chambers for the Processing of Two-Component Adhesives for Transport Applications P. Steinert* 1, I. Schaarschmidt 1, R. Paul 1, M. Zinecker 1, M. Hackert-Oschätzchen 1, Th. Muschalek
More informationEffect of radius ratio on pressure drop across a 90 bend for high concentration coal ash slurries
This paper is part of the Proceedings of the 11 International Conference th on Engineering Sciences (AFM 2016) www.witconferences.com Effect of radius ratio on pressure drop across a 90 bend for high concentration
More informationANALYSIS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER OF THE DIFFERENT MOIST OBJECT GEOMETRIES WITH AIR SLOT JET IMPINGING FOR FORCED CONVECTION DRYING Doğan Engin ALNAK a, Koray KARABULUT b* a Cumhuriyet University, Technology
More informationExperimental Study on Port to Channel Flow Distribution of Plate Heat Exchangers
Proceedings of Fifth International Conference on Enhanced, Compact and Ultra-Compact Heat Exchangers: Science, Engineering and Technology, Eds. R.K. Shah, M. Ishizuka, T.M. Rudy, and V.V. Wadekar, Engineering
More informationCFD study for cross flow heat exchanger with integral finned tube
International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 6, Issue 6, June 2016 668 CFD study for cross flow heat exchanger with integral finned tube Zena K. Kadhim *, Muna S. Kassim **, Adel
More informationABSTRACT I. INTRODUCTION
2016 IJSRSET Volume 2 Issue 4 Print ISSN : 2395-1990 Online ISSN : 2394-4099 Themed Section: Engineering and Technology Analysis of Compressible Effect in the Flow Metering By Orifice Plate Using Prasanna
More informationMODELLING OF SINGLE-PHASE FLOW IN THE STATOR CHANNELS OF SUBMERSIBLE AERATOR
Engineering MECHANICS, Vol. 21, 2014, No. 5, p. 289 298 289 MODELLING OF SINGLE-PHASE FLOW IN THE STATOR CHANNELS OF SUBMERSIBLE AERATOR Martin Bílek*, Jaroslav Štigler* The paper deals with the design
More informationCFD MODELLING AND VALIDATION OF HEAD LOSSES IN PIPE BIFURCATIONS
CFD MODELLING AND VALIDATION OF HEAD LOSSES IN PIPE BIFURCATIONS Kasturi Sukhapure* a, Alan Burns a, Tariq Mahmud a, Jake Spooner b. a School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds
More informationComputational fluid dynamics study of flow depth in an open Venturi channel for Newtonian fluid
Computational fluid dynamics study of flow depth in an open Venturi channel for Newtonian fluid Prasanna Welahettige 1, Bernt Lie 1, Knut Vaagsaether 1 1 Department of Process, Energy and Environmental
More informationAnalysis of Heat Transfer in Pipe with Twisted Tape Inserts
Proceedings of the 2 nd International Conference on Fluid Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, April 30 May 1, 2015 Paper No. 143 Analysis of Heat Transfer in Pipe with Twisted Tape Inserts
More informationAn Overview of Impellers, Velocity Profile and Reactor Design
An Overview of s, Velocity Profile and Reactor Design Praveen Patel 1, Pranay Vaidya 1, Gurmeet Singh 2 1 Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India 1 Indian Oil Corporation Limited, R&D Centre Faridabad
More informationLecture 3 The energy equation
Lecture 3 The energy equation Dr Tim Gough: t.gough@bradford.ac.uk General information Lab groups now assigned Timetable up to week 6 published Is there anyone not yet on the list? Week 3 Week 4 Week 5
More informationCFD Analysis for Thermal Behavior of Turbulent Channel Flow of Different Geometry of Bottom Plate
International Journal Of Engineering Research And Development e-issn: 2278-067X, p-issn: 2278-800X, www.ijerd.com Volume 13, Issue 9 (September 2017), PP.12-19 CFD Analysis for Thermal Behavior of Turbulent
More informationEntropic Evaluation of Dean Flow Micromixers
COMSOL Conference, Boston, 2013 Brian Vyhnalek, Petru S. Fodor and Miron Kaufman Physics Department Cleveland State University Entropic Evaluation of Dean Flow Micromixers ABSTRACT We study the use of
More informationUNIT II CONVECTION HEAT TRANSFER
UNIT II CONVECTION HEAT TRANSFER Convection is the mode of heat transfer between a surface and a fluid moving over it. The energy transfer in convection is predominately due to the bulk motion of the fluid
More informationAn-Najah National University Civil Engineering Department. Fluid Mechanics. Chapter 1. General Introduction
1 An-Najah National University Civil Engineering Department Fluid Mechanics Chapter 1 General Introduction 2 What is Fluid Mechanics? Mechanics deals with the behavior of both stationary and moving bodies
More informationWall Effects in Convective Heat Transfer from a Sphere to Power Law Fluids in Tubes
Excerpt from the Proceedings of the COMSOL Conference 9 Boston Wall Effects in Convective Heat Transfer from a Sphere to Power Law Fluids in Tubes Daoyun Song *1, Rakesh K. Gupta 1 and Rajendra P. Chhabra
More informationLecture 2: Hydrodynamics at milli micrometer scale
1 at milli micrometer scale Introduction Flows at milli and micro meter scales are found in various fields, used for several processes and open up possibilities for new applications: Injection Engineering
More informationNumerical Investigation of Convective Heat Transfer in Pin Fin Type Heat Sink used for Led Application by using CFD
GRD Journals- Global Research and Development Journal for Engineering Volume 1 Issue 8 July 2016 ISSN: 2455-5703 Numerical Investigation of Convective Heat Transfer in Pin Fin Type Heat Sink used for Led
More informationIntroduction to Aerodynamics. Dr. Guven Aerospace Engineer (P.hD)
Introduction to Aerodynamics Dr. Guven Aerospace Engineer (P.hD) Aerodynamic Forces All aerodynamic forces are generated wither through pressure distribution or a shear stress distribution on a body. The
More informationAvailable online at ScienceDirect. Procedia Engineering 113 (2015 )
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia Engineering 113 (2015 ) 306 311 International Conference on Oil and Gas Engineering, OGE-2015 Developing of computational investigation
More information[Prasanna m a*et al., 5(6): July, 2016] ISSN: IC Value: 3.00 Impact Factor: 4.116
IJESRT INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF COMPRESSIBLE EFFECT IN THE FLOW METERING BY CLASSICAL VENTURIMETER Prasanna M A *, Dr V Seshadri, Yogesh
More informationvector H. If O is the point about which moments are desired, the angular moment about O is given:
The angular momentum A control volume analysis can be applied to the angular momentum, by letting B equal to angularmomentum vector H. If O is the point about which moments are desired, the angular moment
More informationTurbulent Boundary Layers & Turbulence Models. Lecture 09
Turbulent Boundary Layers & Turbulence Models Lecture 09 The turbulent boundary layer In turbulent flow, the boundary layer is defined as the thin region on the surface of a body in which viscous effects
More informationInter-particle force and stress models for wet and dry particulate flow at the intermediate flow regime
Inter-particle force and stress models for wet and dry particulate flow at the intermediate flow regime Xi Yu 1, Raffaella Ocone 3, Sotos Generalis 2, Yassir Makkawi 1 1 Chemical Engineering & Applied
More informationCOMSOL Multiphysics Simulation of 3D Single- hase Transport in a Random Packed Bed of Spheres
COMSOL Multiphysics Simulation of 3D Single- hase Transport in a Random Packed Bed of Spheres A G. Dixon *1 1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester, MA, USA *Corresponding
More informationSEPARATION OF SOLUTES WITH DIFFERENT DIFFUSIVITIES IN A HYBRID MEMBRANE CELL COMPRISING SEMI AND FULLY PERMEABLE MEMBRANES
SEPRTION OF SOLUTES WITH DIFFERENT DIFFUSIVITIES IN HYRID MEMRNE CELL COMPRISING SEMI ND FULLY PERMELE MEMRNES S.I.S. Pinto a, T.M.G.T. Rocha a, J.M. Miranda b, J..L.M. Campos a a Centro de Estudos de
More informationEFFECT OF DISTRIBUTION OF VOLUMETRIC HEAT GENERATION ON MODERATOR TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION
EFFECT OF DISTRIBUTION OF VOLUMETRIC HEAT GENERATION ON MODERATOR TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION A. K. Kansal, P. Suryanarayana, N. K. Maheshwari Reactor Engineering Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre,
More informationOE4625 Dredge Pumps and Slurry Transport. Vaclav Matousek October 13, 2004
OE465 Vaclav Matousek October 13, 004 1 Dredge Vermelding Pumps onderdeel and Slurry organisatie Transport OE465 Vaclav Matousek October 13, 004 Dredge Vermelding Pumps onderdeel and Slurry organisatie
More informationOptimization of the Gas Flow in a GEM Tracker with COMSOL and TENDIGEM Development. Presented at the 2011 COMSOL Conference
Optimization of the Gas Flow in a GEM Tracker with COMSOL and TENDIGEM Development Francesco Noto Presented at the 2011 COMSOL Conference V. Bellini, E. Cisbani, V. De Smet, F. Librizzi, F. Mammoliti,
More informationMasters in Mechanical Engineering. Problems of incompressible viscous flow. 2µ dx y(y h)+ U h y 0 < y < h,
Masters in Mechanical Engineering Problems of incompressible viscous flow 1. Consider the laminar Couette flow between two infinite flat plates (lower plate (y = 0) with no velocity and top plate (y =
More informationFACULTY OF CHEMICAL & ENERGY ENGINEERING FLUID MECHANICS LABORATORY TITLE OF EXPERIMENT: MINOR LOSSES IN PIPE (E4)
FACULTY OF CHEMICAL & ENERGY ENGINEERING FLUID MECHANICS LABORATORY TITLE OF EXPERIMENT: MINOR LOSSES IN PIPE (E4) 1 1.0 Objectives The objective of this experiment is to calculate loss coefficient (K
More informationMicrofluidics 1 Basics, Laminar flow, shear and flow profiles
MT-0.6081 Microfluidics and BioMEMS Microfluidics 1 Basics, Laminar flow, shear and flow profiles 11.1.2017 Ville Jokinen Outline of the next 3 weeks: Today: Microfluidics 1: Laminar flow, flow profiles,
More informationMass transfer in the vicinity of a separation membrane the applicability of the stagnant film theory
Journal of Membrane Science 202 (2002) 137 150 Mass transfer in the vicinity of a separation membrane the applicability of the stagnant film theory João M. Miranda, João B.L.M. Campos Centro de Estudos
More informationCFD Analysis of a Stirred Vessel Bioreactor with Double Pitch Blade and Rushton Type Impellers
CFD Analysis of a Stirred Vessel Bioreactor with Double Pitch Blade and Rushton Type Impellers A. Buss 1, 2, A. Suleiko 2, 3, K. Rugele 2, J. Vanags 3 1. Riga Biomaterials Innovation and Development Centre,
More informationAngular momentum equation
Angular momentum equation For angular momentum equation, B =H O the angular momentum vector about point O which moments are desired. Where β is The Reynolds transport equation can be written as follows:
More informationExperimental and Theoretical Investigation of Hydrodynamics Characteristics and Heat Transfer for Newtonian and Non-newtonian Fluids
International Journal of Energy Science and Engineering Vol. 2, No. 3, 2016, pp. 13-22 http://www.aiscience.org/journal/ijese ISSN: 2381-7267 (Print); ISSN: 2381-7275 (Online) Experimental and Theoretical
More informationTURBULENT FLOW IN A HYDRAULIC HEADBOX
TURBULENT FLOW IN A HYDRAULIC HEADBOX Lu Hua, Pinfan He, Martha Salcudean, Ian Gartshore and Eric Bibeau, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T Z Process
More informationM.A. (2013) 1: ISSN
Dhinakaran, S. and Oliveira, Monica and Pinho, F.T. and Alves, M.A. (2013) Steady flow of power-law fluids in a 1:3 planar sudden expansion. Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, 198. pp. 48-58. ISSN
More informationEXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL STUDY ON THE FLOW VISUALIZATION IN A TRI-HELICAL STATIC MIXER
392 Journal of Marine Science and Technology, Vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 392-397 (2011) EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL STUDY ON THE FLOW VISUALIZATION IN A TRI-HELICAL STATIC MIXER Kuo-Tung Chang*, Jer-Huan Jang*,
More informationWM2013 Conference, February 24 28, 2013, Phoenix, Arizona USA
Comparison Between Numerical and Experimental Results on Mechanical Stirrer and Bubbling in a Cylindrical Tank 13047 M. Lima da Silva* 1, A. Gagnoud**, Y. Fautrelle**, E. Sauvage*, P. Brun* and R. Riva***
More informationPrediction of Performance Characteristics of Orifice Plate Assembly for Non-Standard Conditions Using CFD
International Journal of Engineering and Technical Research (IJETR) ISSN: 2321-0869, Volume-3, Issue-5, May 2015 Prediction of Performance Characteristics of Orifice Plate Assembly for Non-Standard Conditions
More informationEXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL STUDIES OF A SPIRAL PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER
THERMAL SCIENCE: Year 2014, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp. 1355-1360 1355 EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL STUDIES OF A SPIRAL PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER by Rangasamy RAJAVEL Department of Mechanical Engineering, AMET University,
More informationThermo-Hydraulic performance of Internal finned tube Automobile Radiator
Thermo-Hydraulic performance of Internal finned tube Automobile Radiator Dr.Kailash Mohapatra 1, Deepiarani Swain 2 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Raajdhani Engineering College, Bhubaneswar, 751017,
More informationHydrodynamic Forces due to Orbital Stokes 5 th Order Waves on Subsea Pipelines Resting on Porous Seabed
Hydrodynamic Forces due to Orbital Stokes 5 th Order Waves on Subsea Pipelines Resting on Porous Seabed Annelise Karreman Dr Jeremy Leggoe School of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering W/Prof Liang Cheng
More informationCFD ANALYSIS OF CD NOZZLE AND EFFECT OF NOZZLE PRESSURE RATIO ON PRESSURE AND VELOCITY FOR SUDDENLY EXPANDED FLOWS. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering Research and Development (IJMPERD) ISSN(P): 2249-6890; ISSN(E): 2249-8001 Vol. 8, Issue 3, Jun 2018, 1147-1158 TJPRC Pvt. Ltd. CFD ANALYSIS
More information3D NUMERICAL ANALYSIS ABOUT THE SHAPE INFLUENCE OF THE HYDRO-PNEUMATIC CHAMBER IN AN OSCILLATING WATER COLUMN (OWC)
3D NUMERICAL ANALYSIS ABOUT THE SHAPE INFLUENCE OF THE HYDRO-PNEUMATIC CHAMBER IN AN OSCILLATING WATER COLUMN (OWC) L. A. Isoldi a, J. do A. M. Grimmler a, M. Letzow a, J. A. Souza a, M. das N. Gomes b,
More informationPRESSURE DROP OF FLOW THROUGH PERFORATED PLATES
27 International Nuclear Atlantic Conference - INAC 27 Santos, SP, Brazil, September 3 to October 5, 27 ASSOCIAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DE ENERGIA NUCLEAR - ABEN ISBN: 978-85-99141-2-1 PRESSURE DROP OF FLOW THROUGH
More informationDYNAMIC STUDIES ON A SCF COUNTERCURRENT EXTRACTION PROCESS
DYNAMIC STUDIES ON A SCF COUNTERCURRENT EXTRACTION PROCESS Rui Ruivo, Alexandre Paiva, Pedro C. Simões Centro de Química Fina e Biotecnologia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia,
More informationENHANCED HEAT TRANSFER IN OSCILLATORY FLOWS WITHIN MULTIPLE- HOLE BAFFLED TUBES
ENHANCED HEAT TRANSFER IN OSCILLATORY FLOWS WITHIN MULTIPLE- HOLE BAFFLED TUBES Daniel González-Juárez 1, *, David S. Martínez 1, Ruth Herrero-Martín 1, Juan P. Solano 1 *Corresponding author 1 Departmento
More informationHydraulics. B.E. (Civil), Year/Part: II/II. Tutorial solutions: Pipe flow. Tutorial 1
Hydraulics B.E. (Civil), Year/Part: II/II Tutorial solutions: Pipe flow Tutorial 1 -by Dr. K.N. Dulal Laminar flow 1. A pipe 200mm in diameter and 20km long conveys oil of density 900 kg/m 3 and viscosity
More informationThe effect of geometric parameters on the head loss factor in headers
Fluid Structure Interaction V 355 The effect of geometric parameters on the head loss factor in headers A. Mansourpour & S. Shayamehr Mechanical Engineering Department, Azad University of Karaj, Iran Abstract
More informationTHE EFFECT OF TWO PHASE (AIR-WATER) FLOW CHARACTERISTICS ON MOMENTUM FLUX DUE TO FLOW TURNING ELEMENTS AT ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS
International Journal of Latest Trends in Engineering and Technology Vol.(8)Issue(1), pp.319-328 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21172/1.81.041 e-issn:2278-621x AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF TWO PHASE
More informationNumerical Study of Oil Flow in Tee Junction with Leaks
Advances in Petroleum Exploration and Development Vol. 6, No. 2, 2013, pp. 1-11 DOI:10.3968/j.aped.1925543820130602.1803 ISSN 1925-542X [Print] ISSN 1925-5438 [Online] www.cscanada.net www.cscanada.org
More informationFluid Mechanics. Spring 2009
Instructor: Dr. Yang-Cheng Shih Department of Energy and Refrigerating Air-Conditioning Engineering National Taipei University of Technology Spring 2009 Chapter 1 Introduction 1-1 General Remarks 1-2 Scope
More informationNUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF CONSTANT VELOCITY SQUEEZE FLOW
U.P.B. Sci. Bull., Series D, Vol. 75, Iss. 2, 2013 ISSN 1454-2358 NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF CONSTANT VELOCITY SQUEEZE FLOW Daniela COBLAŞ 1, Diana BROBOANĂ 2, Corneliu BĂLAN 3, Mohamed HAJJAM 4 The paper
More informationQuadrant method application to the study of the beginning of sediment motion of sedimentary particles
V Conferência Nacional de Mecânica dos Fluidos, Termodinâmica e Energia MEFTE 214, 11 12 etembro 214, Porto, Portugal APMTAC, 214 Quadrant method application to the study of the beginning of sediment motion
More information