Electrolum inescence from Exc iplex on the In terface Between TPD and La (PM IP) 3 (Bipy) 3
|
|
- Daniel O’Neal’
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 CH EM. R ES. CH IN ESE U. 2004, 20 (6), Electrolum inescence from Exc iplex on the In terface Between TPD and La (PM IP) 3 (Bipy) 3 GAO D e2qing 1, B IAN Zu2qiang 1, HUAN G Yan2yi 1, HUAN G Chun2hu i 13 3 IBRA H IM K. 2 and L IU Feng2qin 2 1. S ta te K ey L abora tory of R a re E a rth M a teria ls Chem istry and A pp lica tions, P ek ing U n iversity, B eij ing , P. R. Ch ina; 2. P hotoem ission S p ectroscopy S ta tion, Institu te of H ig h E nergy P hy sics, Ch inese A cad em y of S ciences, B eij ing , P. R. C h ina R eceived D ec. 17, 2003 T he bilayer o rganic ligh t2em itting diode (OL ED ) w ith a blue fluo rescent lanthanum comp lex, tris (12 phenyl232m ethyl242isobutyryl252pyrazo lone) 2(2, 2 2dipyridyl) lanthanum [L a (PM IP ) 3 (B ipy) ], as a ligh t em itting m aterial and N, N 2diphenyl2N, N 2bis (32m ethylphenyl) 21, 1 2biphenyl24, 4 2diam ine (T PD ) as a ho le transpo rting m aterial em its brigh t green ligh t instead of blue ligh ṫ T he data of the abso rp tion, the pho2 to lum inescence (PL ) and the pho to lum inescence excitation (PL E) spectra of T PD, L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy) and the m ixture of T PD and L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy) (mo lar ratio 1 1) p rove that the electro lum inescent em ission o rigi2 nates from the excip lex on the interface betw een T PD and L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy). By imp roving device configura2 tion w ith tris (82hydroxyquino line) alum inum (ALQ ) as an electron transpo rting m aterial, a m axim um lum i2 nance of 800 cdgm 2 w as obtained. Ke yw o rds E lectro lum inescence, Pho to lum inescence, L anthanum comp lex A rtic le ID (2004) In troduction Since T ang and V an Slyke [1 ] repo rted the first doub le2layer g reen th in2film o rgan ic elect ro lu2 m inescen t device, fluo rescen t m a teria ls, ca rrier2 tran spo rting m aterials and electrode m aterials have been w idely studied [2_ 5 ]. O n the o ther hand, dif2 feren t k inds of m u ltilayer o rgan ic ligh t em itting diodes have been m ade in o rder to imp rove electro2 lum inescence efficiency and o ther function s [6_ 8 ]. Fo r in stance, in o rder to avo id exciton quench ing at m etal electrodes, the em itting region can be sepa2 rated from the electrodes by adding a carrier2tran s2 po rting layer. T he flow of the po sitive and negative po laron s is in jected in to the em itting region, then a better balance w as ach ieved, so a h igher efficiency is ob tained [9, 10 ]. In layered o rgan ic ligh t2em itting diodes, the excip lex fo rm ation m ay take p lace on the in terface betw een the charge2tran spo rting layer and the em itting layer fo r certain com b ination s of em itting and charge2tran spo rting m aterials [11_ 15 ]. T he excip lex is a tran sien t dono r2accep to r comp lex that som etim es em its a strong fluo rescence at longer w avelength s than the dono r o r the accep to ṙ T he recen t studies have suggested the po ssib ility of u t ilizing enhanced excip lex em ission in L ED de2 vices [16, 17 ]. H ere is repo rted the electro lum inescence from b ilayer o rgan ic devices in w h ich the green e2 m ission peak ing at 522 nm o riginates from an exci2 p lex fo rm ed on the in terface of a lan thanum com 2 p lex and T PD. T he lan thanum terna ry com p lex, [L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy) ], w as syn thesized and u sed as a ligh t em itting m aterial. L a 3+ has no 4f elec2 tron s and does no t em it visib le ligh t [18 ] ; how ever, the title comp lex em its b lue pho to lum inescence (PL ) peak ing at 460 nm and belongs to the ligand em itting comp lex, w h ich is ju st like comp lex tris ( 82hydroxyqu ino line ) alum inum (ALQ ). T he de2 vices p repared in th is study are listed as fo llow s: D evice 1: ITO gt PD ( 40 nm ) gl a ( PM IP ) 32 (B ipy) (80 nm ) gm g A g (200 nm ) ga g (100 nm ). D evice 2: ITO gt PD ( 40 nm ) gl a ( PM IP ) 32 (B ipy) (40 nm ) galq (40 nm ) gm g A g (200 nm ) g A g (100 nm ). Exper im en ta l Comp lex L a (PM IP ) 3 (B ipy) (F ig. 1) w as syn2 thesized as described p reviou sly [19 ]. E lem en tal anal 3 Suppo rted by the N ational N atural Science Foundation of Ch ina (N o s , , ), State 863 P rogram (N o. 2022AA ) and the Docto rial P rogram Foundation of H igh Education (N o ). 3 3 To w hom co rrespondence should be addressed. E2m ail: chhuang@pku. edu. cn
2 N o. 6 GAO D e2qing et al. 791 found (% ) : C 61137, N 11102, H 5116; ca lcd. (% ) fo r C 52 H 53 N 8O 6L a: C 60194, N 10193, H O rgan ic m aterials w ere sequen tially depo sit2 ed by h igh vacuum (10-4 Pa) therm al evapo ration on to a p recleaned indium tin ox ide ( ITO ) glass sub2 strate w ith a sheet resistance of 15 8 g supp lied by Ch ina Shenzhen W elligh t Conduct ive Coa t ing Co., L td. A shadow m ask w ith 5 mm diam eter open ings w as u sed to define the cathode of a layer of M g and A g alloy (10 1, the th ickness w as 200 nm ),w ith a A g cap of 100 nm. Fo r the PL studies, the m ix tu re of T PD and L a (PM IP ) 3 (B ipy) (mo lar ratio of 1 1 by u sing a dich lo roethane so lu tion of them ) w as sp in2coated on to a quartz sub strate. T he u ltravio let2visib le (UV 2V is) ab so rp tion spectra of the film s w ere m easu red by u sing a Sh im adzu F ig. 1 The absorption spectra of NaPM IP, Bipy and both sp in coated and evaporated La (PM IP) 3- (Bipy) in f ilm s(about 60 nm ) (A), the PL spectra of La ( PM IP ) 3 ( Bipy ) ( Κex = 270 nm ), NaPM IP (Κex= 240 nm ) and Bipy (Κex= 360 nm ) in f ilm s(b) and the the chem ical structural formula of La (PM IP) 3 (Bipy) (C). UV UV gv is spectrom eter. T he PL and eletro lum inescence (EL ) w ere m easu red w ith a H i2 tach i F24500 fluo rescence spectropho tom eter. T he layer th ickness w a s con t ro lled in vacuum w ith shu tters and an IL 2100 quartz crystal mon ito r. T he b righ tness w as m easu red by an ST 286LA spo t pho2 tom eter and a clo se2up len s w ith a focal spo t of 5 mm in diam eter. T he synch ro tron radiation pho2 ton2electron spectrum (SR PES) w as m easu red w ith a pho ton2electron spectrom eter (vs. w Scien tific In2 strum en ts, L td. ) th rough synch ro tron radiation. U nder u ltra2h igh vacuum ( Pa ), the pho ton2electron spectrum w as reco rded at 1817 ev synch ro tron radiation ligh t, from w h ich the first ion ization energy (I p), the HOM O energy lev2 el, w as derived. Results and D iscuss ion L a (PM IP ) 3 (B ipy) film depo sited by vacuum sub lim ation is tran sparen t and homogeneou s. F ig. 1 (A ) show s the ab so rp tion spectra of the sp in2 coated and evapo rated L a ( PM IP ) 3 (B ipy ) film ṡ T he spectra of bo th the film s are almo st the sam e, suggest ing tha t the com pound can be evapo ra ted w ithou t decompo sition. It can also be seen that the ab so rp tion spectrum of L a (PM IP ) 3 (B ipy ) is at2 tribu ted to the co2ab so rp tion of PM IP - and B ipy. But the PL spectrum of L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy) is differ2 en t from tho se of N apm IP and B ipy. F ig. 1 (B ) show s the PL spectrum peak ing at 460 nm fo r L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy) and tho se fo r N apm IP and B ipy peak ing at 398 nm and 410 nm, respectively. T hat m ean s the PL spectra of PM IP - and B ipy are red2 sh ifted due to the cen tral L a 3+ ion. T he m easu re2 m en ts of the ab so rp tion, PL and pho to lum i2 nescence excitation (PL E) spectra w ere m ade by u s2 ing the sp in2coated film s on the quartz sub strates. F ig. 2 (A ) show s the PL spectra of T PD excited at 310 nm, L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy) excited at 270 nm, and the m ix tu re of T PD and L a (PM IP ) 3 (B ipy) (mo lar ratio = 1 1) excited at 280 and 380 nm, respec2 tively. T he PL spectra have em ission peak s at 406 and 422 nm fo r T PD, and at 460 nm fo r L a (PM IP ) 3 (B ipy). In terestingly w e found that the m ix tu re of T PD and L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy) (mo lar ratio = 1 1) show s a b road PL band peak ing at 522 nm in stead of at 406, 422 o r 460 nm and that the PL spectra of it excited at 280 and 380 nm are the sam e excep t the d ifference in em ission in ten sity. T he disappearance of em ission s from the spectra of bo th T PD and L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy) and the appearance of
3 7 92 CH EM. R ES. CH IN ESE U. V o l. 20 F ig. 2 The PL spectra of TPD ( Κex = 310 nm ), La (PM IP) 3 (Bipy) (Κex= 270 nm ) and the m ixture of TPD and La (PM IP) 3- (Bipy) (molar ratio= 1 1) (Κex= 280 and 380 nm ) in the f ilm s on quartz substrates (A ), the PL spectra of TPD and the m ixture of TPD and La (PM IP) 3 (Bipy) (Κex= 280 nm ) in the f ilm s with differen t molar ratios {n (TPD ) n [La (PM IP) 3- (Bipy) ]= 100 1, 10 1, 1 1} (B). the new em ission imp ly that a new species w as gen2 erated in the m ix tu re. T h is em ission is attribu ted to the excip lex o rig ina t ing from the m ix tu re of T PD and L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy) (mo lar ratio = 1 1). T he PL spectra of the m ix tu re of T PD and L a ( PM IP ) 3 ( B ipy ) w ith differen t mo lar ratio s (100 1, 10 1, 1 1) in the sp in2coated film s on the quartz sub strates w ere also m easu red. A s show n in F ig. 2 (B ), w hen the mo lar ratio of T PD to L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy) is equal to 100 1, tw o strong em ission bands can be found in the PL spec2 trum, w h ich peak at 406 and 522 nm, respectively; the fo rm er is attribu ted to T PD em ission, w h ile the o ther one o riginates from the excip lex em ission. If the con ten t L a ( PM IP ) 3 (B ipy ) w as fu rther in2 creased, the relative in ten sity of the em ission from T PD con tinuou sly decreases. A s the mo lar ratio reached 1 1, the T PD em ission to tally disappears in the PL sp ect rum of the m ix tu re. How ever, no excip lex w as found in the CHC l3 so lu tion of T PD CHC l3 and L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy) w ith the mo lar ratio of 1 1 (the concen tration is abou t mo lgl ). T he reason m ay be that the so lven t mo lecu les su r2 round the mo lecu les of T PD and L a ( PM IP ) 32 (B ipy), w h ich greatly w eaken s the in teraction of T PD and L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy). F ig. 3 (A ) show s the ab so rp tion spectra of T PD, L a (PM IP ) 3 (B ipy) and the m ix tu re of T PD and L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy) (mo lar ratio = 1 1). W hen the ab so rbance of the m ix tu re of T PD and L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy) (mo lar ratio= 1 1) is compared w ith the sum of the T PD layer ab so rbance and the L a ( PM IP ) 3 (B ipy ) layer ab so rbance, it can be found that there is no new ab so rp tion fo r the m ix2 tu re of T PD and L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy) (mo lar ratio = 1 1), imp lying that the new species is no t directly fo rm ed in the g round sta te, g iving suppo rt to the ex istence of an excip lex [20 ]. F ig. 3 (B ) show s the excitation spectra of T PD, L a (PM IP ) 3 (B ipy) and the m ix2tu re of T PD and L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy) (mo lar ratio = 1 1) reco rded at their m ax im um em ission w avelength s 406, 460 and 522 nm, respectively. T he PL E in ten sity of the m ix tu re of T PD and L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy) (mo lar ratio= 1 1) is also ap2 p rox im ately con sisten t w ith the sum of the PL E in2 ten sities of T PD and L a (PM IP ) 3 (B ipy), fu rther confirm ing the conclu sion m ade above. F ig. 3 The absorption spectra (A ) and the photolum i- nescence exc itation ( PL E ) spectra of TPD, La (PM IP) 3 (Bipy), the sum of spectra of TPD and La (PM IP) 3 (Bipy), the m ixture of TPD and La (PM IP) 3 (Bipy) (molar ratio 1 1) on quartz substrates(b). The PL Es w ere reco rded at their m axim um em ission w avelengths 406, 460 and 522 nm, respectively.
4 N o. 6 GAO D e2qing et al. 793 By u sing T PD as a ho le tran spo rting layer, de2 vice 1 w ith the structu re of ITO gt PD ( 40 nm ) g L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy) ( 80 nm ) gm g A g ( 200 nm ) g A g (100 nm ) w as fab ricated w ithou t b reak ing vacu2 um. A s show n in the in set of F ig. 4, the EL spec2 trum w ith a peak at 517 nm and a shou lder peak at 420 nm resu lted from T PD, is app rox im a tely iden tical to the PL spectrum of the m ix tu re of T PD and L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy) (mo lar ratio = 1 1). It is attribu ted to the excip lex fo rm ed on the in terface betw een T PD and L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy). U nder a fo r2 w ard b ias, a m ax im um lum inance of 30 cdgm 2 at 20 V w as ob served. T he cu rren t den sity2vo ltage and lum inance2vo ltage cha racterist ics of device 1 a re show n in F ig. 4. T he device has a peak pow er effi2 ciency of 0101 lm gw w ith a cu rren t den sity of 0141 ma gcm 2 at 7 V and the tu rn2on vo ltage of 6 V. F ig. 4 The curren t den sity-voltage and lum inance-voltage character istics of dev ice 1. Inset: a. PL spectra ( right axis) of the m ixture of TPD and L a (PM IP ) 3 (B ipy) (mo lar ratio = 1 1) (Κex = 280 nm ) ; b. EL (left axis) of device 1 at 14 V ; c. device A at 10 V ; d. device B at 10 V. In layered o rgan ic ligh t em itting devices, exci2 p lex fo rm ation often takes p lace on the in terface betw een the carrier tran spo rting layer and the ligh t em itting layer [11 ]. T h is can be confirm ed by design2 ing the fo llow ing tw o devices: ITO gt PD (40 nm ) g Y (PM IP ) 3 (T PPO ) 2 (80 nm ) gm g A g (200 nm ) g A g (100 nm ) (device A ) and ITO gt PD ( 40 nm ) g Y (PM IP) 3 (T PPO ) 2 (20 nm ) gl a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy) (40 nm ) gm g A g (200 nm ) ga g (100 nm ) (device B ). It is know n that the peak of the PL spectrum of the com p lex t ris (12p henyl232m ethyl242isobu tyryl252 pyrazo lone) 2b is ( triphenyl pho sph ine ox ide) yttri2 um [Y (PM IP) 3 (T PPO ) 2 ] is at 430 nm, and device A show s the peak of the EL spectrum at 425 nm (in the in set of F ig. 4), giving suppo rt to the fact that no excip lex w as fo rm ed under electrical excitation. W hen a layer of Y (PM IP ) 3 (T PPO ) 2 (20 nm ) w as in serted betw een the T PD and L a (PM IP ) 3 (B ipy) layers in device 1 to fo rm device B, it is found that device B exh ib its the EL peak at 425 nm w h ile the peak at 517 nm ob served in device 1 disappears ( in the in set of F ig. 4 ). T h is fact strongly demon2 strates that the peak at 517 nm is due to the exci2 p lex fo rm ed on the in terface betw een the T PD and L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy) layers. T he exp lanation is based on the relation sh ip of the energy levels of the m aterials in F ig. 5 (A ). T he I p of 615 ev fo r L a (PM IP ) 3 (B ipy) w as ob tained from SR PES. T he elect ron affin ity ( E A ) fo r L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy), the LUM O energy level, w as estim ated to be 214 ev w ith reference to the I p and the UV 2V is op tical ab so rp tion on set (Κ= 300 nm, 411 ev ). F rom the relation sh ip of the energy lev2 els, electron s in jected from the cathode m ay recom 2 b ine w ith the ho les in the T PD layer o r the L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy) layer. By comparison, there is no barrier fo r electron in jection from L a (PM IP ) 3 (B ipy) to T PD, w h ile the ba rrier fo r ho le in ject ion from T PD to L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy) is 1 ev. It w as likely that T PD w as first excited. T h is suppo sition w as demon2 strated by the fo llow ing experim en ṫ W e selected 380 nm as the excitation w avelength. A s show n in F ig. 3 (B ), by u sing th is excitation ligh t, on ly T PD can be excited in the tw o componen ts of the m ix2 tu re of T PD and L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy) (mo lar ratio = 1 1) since th is ligh t can be ab so rbed by T PD on2 ly. A s an exp ected resu lt of excita t ion, the PL spectrum show s the sam e cu rve as that ob tained by being excited at 280 nm w avelength ligh t. It m ean s that p rocess 1 is the m ain one among the th ree p ro2 cesses, tha t is, the excited sing le2sta te T PD m ay in teract w ith L a ( PM IP ) 3 (B ipy ) in the ground state, fo rm ing the excip lex. T he fo rm ation of excip lexes is easy in the sin2 glet excited state bu t is difficu lt in the trip let excit2 ed state [21, 22 ]. W ith the sam e ligands as tho se of L a (PM IP) 32 (B ipy), the gado lin ium ternary comp lex, tris ( 12 phenyl232m ethyl242isobu tyryl252pyrazo lone) 2(2, 2 2 dipyridyl ) gado lin ium [Gd (PM IP) 3 (B ipy) ] w as syn thesized. Gd 3+ has a half2fu ll 4f 7 electron ic con2 figu ra t ion and does no t em it in visib le ligh t range [18 ] ; how ever, the above comp lex em its green PL p eak ing a t 516 nm and belong s to the ligand em itting comp lex, ju st like L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy). W ith Gd (PM IP) 3 (B ipy) as a ligh t em itting m ateri2 al, the device, ITO gt PD ( 40 nm ) ggd ( PM IP ) 3
5 7 94 CH EM. R ES. CH IN ESE U. V o l. 20 w as demon strated by the b ilayer device ITO g L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy) (40 nm ) galq (40 nm ) gm g A g ( 200 nm ) ga g ( 100 nm ), w h ich exh ib its a m ax i2 m um lum inance of 380 cdgm 2 at 16 V. Con sidering the elect ron conduct ivity in device 1, w e can con2 clude that the ligh t em itting m aterial L a (PM IP ) 32 (B ipy) can tran spo rt bo th electron s and ho les. F ig. 5 The relative energy levels of mater ials in dev ice 1 ( A ) and the PL (L ef t ax is) of TPD and Gd ( PM IP) 3 (Bipy) ( Κex = 280 nm ) and EL (r ight ax is) of dev ice ITOgTPD (40 nm ) ggd (PM IP) 3- (Bipy) (80 nm ) gm g Ag (200 nm ) gag (100 nm ) at 10 V (B). (B ipy) (80 nm ) gm g A g (200 nm ) ga g (100 nm ), w as fab ricated. A s show n in F ig. 5 (B ), the EL spectrum w ith a peak at 516 nm, and a shou lder peak at 420 nm resu lted from T PD is iden tical to the PL spectrum of Gd (PM IP) 3 (B ipy). A s w as re2 po rted [23 ], the sp in2o rb it pertu rbation of the levels of the ligand elect ron ic sta tes, p redom inan t ly in2 duced by the param agnetic Gd 3+ ion, cau ses the longer lifet im e of the excited sta te ( ca. 1 Λs) of Gd (PM IP) 3 (B ipy). But no excip lex w as found on the in terface betw een T PD and Gd (PM IP) 3 (B ipy). How ever, T PD and L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy) have the sho rter lifetim e of the excited states ( 1 n s), and the excip lex at 522 nm can be fo rm ed on the in ter2 face betw een T PD and L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy). W ith ALQ as an electron2tran spo rting layer, device 2 w as fab ricated. U nder a fo rw ard b ias, the device em it s g reen ligh t w ith a lum inance of 800 cdgm 2 at 16 V, resu lted from the co2em ission of the excip lex and ALQ. T h is fact suppo rt s tha t L a (PM IP) 3 (B ipy) is ab le to tran spo rt ho les. T h is Re fe re nce s [ 1 ] T ang C. W., V anslyke A., A pp l. P hy ṡ L etṫ, 1987, 51, 913 [ 2 ] Burroughes J. H., B radley D. D. C., B row n A. R., et al., N ature, 1990, 347, 539 [ 3 ] B ian Z. Q., Gao D. Q., Sun C. Y., et al, Chem. R eṡ Ch i2 nese U niversities, 2002, 18 (4), 466 [ 4 ] Baldo M. A., O B rien D. F., You Y., et al., N atu re, 1998, 395, 151 [ 5 ] A dach i C., Baldo M. A., Fo rrest S. R., et al., A pp l. P hy ṡ L etṫ, 2001, 78, 1622 [ 6 ] T ang J. Y., Zhang W. G., Chem. J. Ch inese U niversities, 2003, 24 (3), 541 [ 7 ] H u B., Yang Z., Karasz F. E., J. A pp l. P hy ṡ, 1994, 76, 2419 [ 8 ] Berggren M., Granstro m M., Ingana β s O., et al., A d v. M ater., 1995, 7, 900 [ 9 ] B row n A. R., Greenham N. C., Burroughes J. H., et al., Chem. P hy ṡ L etṫ, 1992, 200, 46 [ 10 ] Capecch i S., Renault O., M oon D. G., et al., A d v. M ater., 2000, 12, 1591 [ 11 ] Itano K., O gaw a H., Sh iro ta Y., A pp l. P hy ṡ L etṫ, 1998, 72, 636 [ 12 ] W ang J. F., Kaw abe Y., Shaheen S. E., et al., A d v. M ater., 1998, 10, 230 [ 13 ] Gebler D. D., W ang Y. Z., Fu D. K., et al., J. Chem. P hy ṡ, 1998, 108, 7842 [ 14 ] A dach i C., T sutsui T., Saito S., A pp l. P hy ṡ L etṫ, 1990, 56, 799 [ 15 ] Chandro ss E. A., L ongwo rth J. W., V isco R. E., J. A m. Chem. S oc., 1965, 87, 3259 [ 16 ] Jenekhe S. A., O saheni J. A., S cience, 1994, 265, 765 [ 17 ] Jenekhe S. A., A d v. M ater., 1995, 7, 309 [ 18 ] H uang C. H., Coord ination Chem istry of R are E arths, S ci2 ence P ress, B eij ing, 1997, 363 [ 19 ] L i Q., Zhou D. J., H uang C. H., et al., A cta Ch im ica S inica, 1998, 56, 52 [ 20 ] Granlund T., Pettersson A. A., A ndersson M., et al., J. A pp l. P hy ṡ, 1997, 81, 8097 [ 21 ] H uang C. H., L i F. Y., H uang Y. Y., U ltrath in F ilm s f or Op tics and E lectronics, Peking U niversity P ress, Beijing, 2001 [ 22 ] M ich l J., Bonacic2Koutecky V., E lectronic A sp ects of O r2 ganic P hotochem istry, John W iley and Sons, Inc., N ew Yo rk, 1990 [ 23 ] Zhang X. M., Sun R. G., Zheng Q. B., et al., A pp l. P hy ṡ L etṫ, 1997, 71, 2596
V o l. 21, N o. 2 M ar., 2002 PRO GR ESS IN GEO GRA PH Y ,, 2030, (KZ9522J 12220) E2m ail: w igsnrr1ac1cn
21 2 2002 3 PRO GR ESS IN GEO GRA PH Y V o l. 21, N o. 2 M ar., 2002 : 100726301 (2002) 022121209 30, (, 100101) : 30,, 2030 16, 3,, 2030,,, 2030, 13110 6 hm 2 2010 2030 420 kg 460 kg, 5 79610 8 kg7 36010
More informationA L A BA M A L A W R E V IE W
A L A BA M A L A W R E V IE W Volume 52 Fall 2000 Number 1 B E F O R E D I S A B I L I T Y C I V I L R I G HT S : C I V I L W A R P E N S I O N S A N D TH E P O L I T I C S O F D I S A B I L I T Y I N
More information(IGBP) km 2,? PRO GR ESS IN GEO GRA PH Y. V o l. 20, N o. 4 D ec., 2001 : (2001) m m 3,
20 4 2001 12 PRO GR ESS IN GEO GRA PH Y V o l. 20, N o. 4 D ec., 2001 : 100726301 (2001) 0420355209, (, 100101) :, 501 mm 502 mm, 765 10 8 m 3 638 10 8 m 3, 127 10 8 m 3,,, ;, : ; ; : P42616; P343 : A
More information(PEO ) (PPO ). (DM F) 2L ic lo 4. V o l. 4 N o. 1 Feb EL ECTROCH EM ISTR Y ) . (PAN ) 2 (XPS) (NM R ) , L i + PAN (N SFC)
4 1 1998 2 EL ECTROCH EM ISTR Y V o l 4 N o 1 Feb 1998 3 ( 100080) (PAN ) 2 2L ic lo 4, R am an, ( IR ), X (XPS) (NM R ) L i + L i +, PAN C N N C = O S= O PAN C N L i +, L i + L i + PAN R am an,, X,,,,,
More informationSyn thesis and Crysta l Structure of Neodym ium Com plex w ith Glyc ine [Nd (Gly) (H2O ) 7 ]Cl3
V o l. 15 N o. 4 1 9 9 9 Chem ical R esearch in Ch inese U niversities 306 310 Syn thesis and Crysta l Structure of Neodym ium Com plex w ith Glyc ine [Nd (Gly) (H2O ) 7 ]Cl3 L I Jun2ran 3 3, ZHOU L i2p
More informationC o r p o r a t e l i f e i n A n c i e n t I n d i a e x p r e s s e d i t s e l f
C H A P T E R I G E N E S I S A N D GROWTH OF G U IL D S C o r p o r a t e l i f e i n A n c i e n t I n d i a e x p r e s s e d i t s e l f i n a v a r i e t y o f f o r m s - s o c i a l, r e l i g i
More informationSepara tion of Samar ium (g ) and Gadol in ium (g ) by A Push-pull L iqu id M em brane System
Chem ical R esearch in Ch inese U n iversities V o l. 13 N o. 4 (1997) Separa tion of Samar ium (g ) and Gadol in ium (g ) by A Push-pull L iqu id M em brane System YAN G Guang2hu i 3 (D ep a rtm en t
More information3. 1% 1. 7% 0. 8% 0. 5% 0. 1% ;
228 1997; 15 (4) 228 232 Ch inese Journal of Parasito logy and Parasitic D iseases 4 3 1 2 2 3 1 1 2 1 1 ( ) 1350001 2363100 3363000 : :,,, : (E ch inochasm us f uj ianensis) (C lonorch is sinensis) (E
More informationResults as of 30 September 2018
rt Results as of 30 September 2018 F r e e t r a n s l a t ion f r o m t h e o r ig ina l in S p a n is h. I n t h e e v e n t o f d i s c r e p a n c y, t h e Sp a n i s h - la n g u a g e v e r s ion
More informationThe Effects of Physica l and Chem ica l Cond ition s on Form ing M ycelia l Pellet of P hanerochaete ch rysosp orium and B iosorption of L ead
1999 1 ENV IRONM EN TAL SC IEN CE Jan, 1999 3 (, 361005 E2m ail: kelqb@ jingxian xm u edu cn) (, 361005), (P hanerochaete ch ry sosp orium ) Pb 2+, ph 415, 10 6 gm l, 80 011%, 150rgm in, 39 3d, 115 117mm,,,
More informationc. What is the average rate of change of f on the interval [, ]? Answer: d. What is a local minimum value of f? Answer: 5 e. On what interval(s) is f
Essential Skills Chapter f ( x + h) f ( x ). Simplifying the difference quotient Section. h f ( x + h) f ( x ) Example: For f ( x) = 4x 4 x, find and simplify completely. h Answer: 4 8x 4 h. Finding the
More informationINTERIM MANAGEMENT REPORT FIRST HALF OF 2018
INTERIM MANAGEMENT REPORT FIRST HALF OF 2018 F r e e t r a n s l a t ion f r o m t h e o r ig ina l in S p a n is h. I n t h e e v e n t o f d i s c r e p a n c y, t h e Sp a n i s h - la n g u a g e v
More informationOH BOY! Story. N a r r a t iv e a n d o bj e c t s th ea t e r Fo r a l l a g e s, fr o m th e a ge of 9
OH BOY! O h Boy!, was or igin a lly cr eat ed in F r en ch an d was a m a jor s u cc ess on t h e Fr en ch st a ge f or young au di enc es. It h a s b een s een by ap pr ox i ma t ely 175,000 sp ect at
More informationForm and content. Iowa Research Online. University of Iowa. Ann A Rahim Khan University of Iowa. Theses and Dissertations
University of Iowa Iowa Research Online Theses and Dissertations 1979 Form and content Ann A Rahim Khan University of Iowa Posted with permission of the author. This thesis is available at Iowa Research
More informationP a g e 5 1 of R e p o r t P B 4 / 0 9
P a g e 5 1 of R e p o r t P B 4 / 0 9 J A R T a l s o c o n c l u d e d t h a t a l t h o u g h t h e i n t e n t o f N e l s o n s r e h a b i l i t a t i o n p l a n i s t o e n h a n c e c o n n e
More information., 2004, 39 (6): ,,,, , [ 9 ] [ 2, 3 ,,,
2004 12 39 6 ) ) ( ( 2004 1 20 2004 9 23.. 2004 39 (6): 690693 ( ) [ 1 ] [ 4 ] [ 2 3 ] [ 5 ] [ 7 ] [ 9 ] : [ 8 ] ; ( ) [ 6 10 ] [13 ] [14 ] [6 ] [9 ] [10 ] 39 6 : 691 1 S R S P 1P 2P nq nq 2Q 1R (2) (P
More information1. 1 M oo 3-TiO 2gSiO 2. Perk in E lm er2l am bda 35 UV 2V is Spectrom eter : E2m ail: tp ṫ tj. cn
V ol. 25 N o. 6 2 0 0 4 6 CHEM ICAL JOU RNAL O F CH IN ESE UN IV ERS IT IES 11151119 M oo 3-TiO 2gSiO 2,,,,, (, 300072) M oo 32T io 2gSiO 2, XRD, BET, TPR, IR, UVDR S TPD,,,, ; T io 2 SiO 2 M oo 3,,. 100,
More informationA Study of Syn thesis, Imm ob il iza tion and Ca ta lytic Capab il ity of M eta lloporphyr in 3
V o l. 14 N o. 2 1 9 9 8 Chem ical R esearch in Ch inese U niversities 111 115 A Study of Syn thesis, Imm ob il iza tion and Ca ta lytic Capab il ity of M eta lloporphyr in 3 W AN G X ing2qiao 3 3, GAO
More informationWhat are S M U s? SMU = Software Maintenance Upgrade Software patch del iv ery u nit wh ich once ins tal l ed and activ ated prov ides a point-fix for
SMU 101 2 0 0 7 C i s c o S y s t e m s, I n c. A l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d. 1 What are S M U s? SMU = Software Maintenance Upgrade Software patch del iv ery u nit wh ich once ins tal l ed and activ
More informationARC 202L. Not e s : I n s t r u c t o r s : D e J a r n e t t, L i n, O r t e n b e r g, P a n g, P r i t c h a r d - S c h m i t z b e r g e r
ARC 202L C A L I F O R N I A S T A T E P O L Y T E C H N I C U N I V E R S I T Y D E P A R T M E N T O F A R C H I T E C T U R E A R C 2 0 2 L - A R C H I T E C T U R A L S T U D I O W I N T E R Q U A
More informationS e x m a turity a nd m a ting ha b its of H e licove rp a a rm ige ra (Hubne r)
1998, 21 (2): 42 46 J ou rna l of N anj ing A g ricu ltu ra l U n iversity 3 α (, 210095), : (1), 0 1, ; ; 2 3, 4 (2),,, 4, 5, 6, 7 8 (3) 3, 1,, 4 (4), 10 0, 90%, 2. 4, 10 0 2, 2 d, ; ; ; ; S435162219
More informationT h e C S E T I P r o j e c t
T h e P r o j e c t T H E P R O J E C T T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S A r t i c l e P a g e C o m p r e h e n s i v e A s s es s m e n t o f t h e U F O / E T I P h e n o m e n o n M a y 1 9 9 1 1 E T
More information(2009) Journal of Rem ote Sensing (, 2006) 2. 1 (, 1999), : ( : 2007CB714402) ;
100724619 (2009) 0220183207 Journal of Rem ote Sensing 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 1 1., 100101; 2., 100049; 3., 100080 :,,, 3, ( ),1%,, :,,, : TP79 : A 1 20,,,,;, (, 1999),,,,, (, 2006),,,,, 2 2. 1 : 2007209217; :
More information(A ID S A cqu ired Imm une D eficiency Syndrom e ),, (H IV ) 580, 200, , % 10%,
() 1999 3 (A ID S A cqu ired Imm une D eficiency Syndrom e), (H IV ) 80 80 1998 1959 1998 11 24, : 1998 10%, 3340 2250 ; 1998 580 400 70% ; 1998 200 250 4g5; 10% 9 ; 15 10 9 95% ; 70, 3400 1150 83%,, :
More informationThe Ability C ongress held at the Shoreham Hotel Decem ber 29 to 31, was a reco rd breaker for winter C ongresses.
The Ability C ongress held at the Shoreham Hotel Decem ber 29 to 31, was a reco rd breaker for winter C ongresses. Attended by m ore than 3 00 people, all seem ed delighted, with the lectu res and sem
More informationEKOLOGIE EN SYSTEMATIEK. T h is p a p e r n o t to be c i t e d w ith o u t p r i o r r e f e r e n c e to th e a u th o r. PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY.
EKOLOGIE EN SYSTEMATIEK Ç.I.P.S. MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE POLLUTION IN NORT H SEA. TECHNICAL REPORT 1971/O : B i o l. I T h is p a p e r n o t to be c i t e d w ith o u t p r i o r r e f e r e n c e to
More information6 500 ka BP A CTA GEO GRA PH ICA S IN ICA. M ay, Fe2O 3 CaCO 3. E2m ail: L snnu1edu1cn
56 3 2001 5 A CTA GEO GRA PH ICA S IN ICA V o l156, N o13 M ay, 2001 : 037525444 (2001) 0320323209 500 ka BP (, 710062) :, 5 CaCO 3 Fe2O 3, 5 B ts2c s2c l2 Bk2C B ts2cf2c s2c l2bk2c Fe2O 3, Fe2O 3CaCO
More informationInternet-assisted Chinese-English Dictionary Compilation
East China Normal University From the SelectedWorks of Gang Zhao Spring March 10, 2005 Internet-assisted Chinese-English Dictionary Compilation Gang Zhao, East China Normal University Available at: https://works.bepress.com/gang_zhao1/1/
More information) V o l. 40 N o. 1 : O : A. (Ca3 (PO 4) 2 [ TCP ] CaH PO 4 2H 2O [DCPD ] Ca8H 2 (PO 4) 6 5H 2O [OCP ] ) (Ca10 (PO 4) 6 (OH ) 2 [HA P ]) .
40 1 ( ) V o l 40 N o 1 2001 1 Jou rnal of X iam en U n iversity (N atu ral Science) Jan 2001 : 043820479 (2001) 0120052207,, (,, 361005) : (HA P),, (DCPD ) XRD SEM, 37 DCPD N af ph, HA P ph DCPD HA P,
More information, H 1M ayer G1W eigend
54 3 1999 5 A CTA GEO GRA PH ICA S IN ICA V o l. 54, N o. 3 M ay, 1999 Ξ (, 210008) :,,,, :, 50, H 1M ayer G1W eigend [1, 2 ], M ayer J1Kenyon [3 ], E1T aaffe T aaffe,, [4 ], [5 ], 80, Y1H ayu th, 1970
More informationTable of C on t en t s Global Campus 21 in N umbe r s R e g ional Capac it y D e v e lopme nt in E-L e ar ning Structure a n d C o m p o n en ts R ea
G Blended L ea r ni ng P r o g r a m R eg i o na l C a p a c i t y D ev elo p m ent i n E -L ea r ni ng H R K C r o s s o r d e r u c a t i o n a n d v e l o p m e n t C o p e r a t i o n 3 0 6 0 7 0 5
More informationOn the M in imum Spann ing Tree Determ ined by n Poin ts in the Un it Square
Vol. 14 No. CH INESE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF M ATHEM ATICS June 1999 On the M in imum Spann ing Tree Determ ined by n Poin ts in the Un it Square Ye J ichang ( ) Xu Yinfeng ( ) Xu Chengxian ( ) (X iπan J
More informationThe Polym er iza tion of M ethyl M ethacryla te w ith a New Nd (O i-pr) 3 A I(i-Bu) 3 Ca ta lyst System 3
Chem ical R esearch in Ch inese U n iversities V o l. 13 N o. 4 (1997) The Polym er iza tion of M ethyl M ethacryla te w ith a New Nd (O i-pr) 3 A I(i-Bu) 3 Ca ta lyst System 3 SU N J un2quan (D ep ṫ of
More informationGrowth of A lgan f ilm s w ith d ifferen t A l fraction on A ln tem pla te
15 6 Vol115, No16 2009 12 JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL MATER IALS AND DEV ICES Dec., 2009 : 1007-4252 (2009) 06-0575 - 06 AlN Al AlGaN,, (, 710071;,, 710071) : 200nm A ln, XRD 130arcsec, 2. 021nm A ln A l A lgan,
More informationI zm ir I nstiute of Technology CS Lecture Notes are based on the CS 101 notes at the University of I llinois at Urbana-Cham paign
I zm ir I nstiute of Technology CS - 1 0 2 Lecture 1 Lecture Notes are based on the CS 101 notes at the University of I llinois at Urbana-Cham paign I zm ir I nstiute of Technology W hat w ill I learn
More informationGrain Reserves, Volatility and the WTO
Grain Reserves, Volatility and the WTO Sophia Murphy Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy www.iatp.org Is v o la tility a b a d th in g? De pe n d s o n w h e re yo u s it (pro d uc e r, tra d e
More informationLSU Historical Dissertations and Theses
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1976 Infestation of Root Nodules of Soybean by Larvae of the Bean Leaf Beetle, Cerotoma Trifurcata
More informationStud ies on Α-M ethacryla te Copper (g ) Com plexes w ith Im idazole 3
V o l. 15 N o. 2 1 9 9 9 Chem ical R esearch in Ch inese U niversities 243 247 Stud ies on Α-M ethacryla te Copper (g ) Com plexes w ith Im idazole 3 W AN G Yao2yu 3 3, SH I Q ian and SH I Q i2zhen (D
More informationSpontaneous reactions occur only between the reactants shown in red.
Energy revision Solutions Question 1 The react io n b et w een so lut io n s of h yd roch lo ric acid an d so d ium h yd roxid e can b e rep resen t ed b y t h e f o llow in g eq uat io n. HCl(aq ) + NaOH(aq
More informationLU N C H IN C LU D E D
Week 1 M o n d a y J a n u a ry 7 - C o lo u rs o f th e R a in b o w W e w ill b e k ic k in g o ff th e h o lid a y s w ith a d a y fu ll o f c o lo u r! J o in u s fo r a ra n g e o f a rt, s p o rt
More informationSPU TTERIN G F R O M A LIQ U ID -PH A SE G A -IN EUTECTIC ALLOY KEVIN M A R K H U B B A R D YALE UNIVER SITY M A Y
SPU TTERIN G F R O M A LIQ U ID -PH A SE G A -IN EUTECTIC ALLOY KEVIN M A R K H U B B A R D YALE UNIVER SITY M A Y 1 9 8 9 ABSTRACT S p u t t e r i n g f r o m a L i q u i d - P h a s e G a - I n E u t
More informationH STO RY OF TH E SA NT
O RY OF E N G L R R VER ritten for the entennial of th e Foundin g of t lair oun t y on ay 8 82 Y EEL N E JEN K RP O N! R ENJ F ] jun E 3 1 92! Ph in t ed b y h e t l a i r R ep u b l i c a n O 4 1922
More informationS ca le M o d e l o f th e S o la r Sy ste m
N a m e ' D a t e ' S ca le M o d e l o f th e S o la r Sy ste m 6.1 I n t r o d u c t i o n T h e S olar System is large, at least w hen com pared to distances we are fam iliar w ith on a day-to-day basis.
More informationBeechwood Music Department Staff
Beechwood Music Department Staff MRS SARAH KERSHAW - HEAD OF MUSIC S a ra h K e rs h a w t r a i n e d a t t h e R oy a l We ls h C o l le g e of M u s i c a n d D ra m a w h e re s h e ob t a i n e d
More informationSOM E RESUL TS ON R 2-ED GE-CONNECT IV ITY OF EVEN REGULAR GRAPHS
A pp l. M a th. J. Ch inese U n iv. S er. B 1999, 14 (3) : 3662370 SOM E RESUL TS ON R 2-ED GE-CONNECT IV ITY OF EVEN REGULAR GRAPHS Xu Junm ing Abstracṫ L et G be a connected k ( 3) 2regular graph w ith
More information(w ater resou rces stress) [1 ]
21 6 2002 11 PRO GR ESS IN GEO GRA PH Y V o l. 21, N o. 6 N ov., 2002 : 100726301 (2002) 0620538208,, (, 100101) :,,,, : ; ; ; : F3231213: A 1,, 10, 17 ; 30, 55 (w ater resou rces stress) [1 ], [24 ] [5
More information., N 2 O, N 2 O + CO N 2 + CO 2 (1) N 2 O +M + N 2 +MO + (2) MO + + CO M + + CO 2 (3) FeO + /FeO + ] (OFeO + ) ) +
Vol. 29 No. 12 2008 12 CHEM ICAL JOURNAL OF CH INESE UN IVERSITIES 2365 2370 FeO + ( 6 + ) CO N 2 O,,, (,, 361005) B3LYP /62311 + G(2d) / /B3LYP /6231G( d), FeO + ( 6 + ) CO N 2 O., FeO + ( 6 + ), N 2
More informationCH COOCH 2CH 2C nf 2n+ 1 (n= 6, 8, 10), D u Pont
V ol. 26 N o. 3 2 0 0 5 3 CHEM ICAL JOU RNAL O F CH IN ESE UN IV ERS IT IES 575 579,, (, 10027),, 110 150 nm (FA ) (MMA ) (BMA ). GPC, FT IR 1 H NM R,,., A IBN FA 2MMA 2BMA.,. (113 115),,. ; ; ; O 631
More informationgender mains treaming in Polis h practice
gender mains treaming in Polis h practice B E R L IN, 1 9-2 1 T H A P R IL, 2 O O 7 Gender mains treaming at national level Parliament 25 % of women in S ejm (Lower Chamber) 16 % of women in S enat (Upper
More informationElectrolessly Plated N i-zn (Fe) -P A lloy and Its Corrosion Resistance Properties 3
CH EM. R ES. CH IN ESE U. 2005, 21 (3), 315 321 Electrolessly Plated N i-zn (Fe) -P A lloy and Its Corrosion Resistance Properties 3 W AN G Sen2lin 1, 23 3 and W U H u i2huang 2 1. Colleg e of M a teria
More information176 5 t h Fl oo r. 337 P o ly me r Ma te ri al s
A g la di ou s F. L. 462 E l ec tr on ic D ev el op me nt A i ng er A.W.S. 371 C. A. M. A l ex an de r 236 A d mi ni st ra ti on R. H. (M rs ) A n dr ew s P. V. 326 O p ti ca l Tr an sm is si on A p ps
More information: O646 : A (DFAFC),,,, DFAFC. PdCl 2, Pd2NH 3, H 2. CO 2,. : Pd, Vol. 15 No. 4 Nov ELECTROCHEM ISTRY : (2009)
15 4 2009 11 ELECTROCHEM ISTRY Vol. 15 No. 4 Nov. 2009 : 100623471 (2009) 042382205 1, 2, 2, 2, 1, 23 (1., 210016; 2., 200050) : Pd ( Pd /C)., Pd. Pd,, Pd 2. 7 nm5. 8 nm. Pd /C Pd,,Pd,. Pd3. 6 nm,. : Pd
More informationSyn thesis and Character iza tion of CoAPO -11 M olecular Sieve from a Non-aqueous System 3
V o l. 15 N o. 2 1 9 9 9 Chem ical R esearch in Ch inese U niversities 95 99 Syn thesis and Character iza tion of CoAPO -11 M olecular Sieve from a Non-aqueous System 3 J IAO X iu2ling, YAO You2w ei, PAN
More information2001 Journal of X i an Fo reign L anguages U niversity V o l. 9 N o. 3 ( )
2001 9 9 3 2001 Sep. Journal of X i an Fo reign L anguages U niversity V o l. 9 N o. 3 ( 315211) :,,, ;,,, : ; ; ; : H 030: A : 100824703 (2001) 0320044205 1.,,, 2. 1978 W o lfson, ( Pom erantz 1978, M
More information(L uf engp ithecus luf engensis)
18 2 1999 5 A CTA AN THRO POLO G ICA S IN ICA V o l118, N o12 M ay, 1999 (L uf engp ithecus luf engensis) (, 100044), 4 ( ) : ; ; 4,,,,,,,, 1, 20, T aung (D art, 1925) (Bo lk, 1926; D ean, 1986) :,,, (Bo
More informationChina Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved.
Vol. 27 No. 4 2 0 0 6 4 CHEM ICAL JOURNAL OF CH INESE UN IVERSITIES 687 69,, (,, 030006),, ( 2 ) ;, HSA BSA, 2,. ; (HSA) ; (BSA) ; O644; O657 A 02520790 (2006) 0420687205 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ),. DNA, DNA [ ],
More informationThe Ind ian Mynah b ird is no t fro m Vanuat u. It w as b ro ug ht here fro m overseas and is now causing lo t s o f p ro b lem s.
The Ind ian Mynah b ird is no t fro m Vanuat u. It w as b ro ug ht here fro m overseas and is now causing lo t s o f p ro b lem s. Mynah b ird s p ush out nat ive b ird s, com p et ing for food and p laces
More informationAgenda Rationale for ETG S eek ing I d eas ETG fram ew ork and res u lts 2
Internal Innovation @ C is c o 2 0 0 6 C i s c o S y s t e m s, I n c. A l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d. C i s c o C o n f i d e n t i a l 1 Agenda Rationale for ETG S eek ing I d eas ETG fram ew ork
More informationFORM ATION OF B IS(1, 10-PHENANTHROL INE) CUPROUS COM PL EXES ON M ETALL IC COPPER SURFACE IN AQUEOUS SOL UTION
4 1996 12 o l. 12, N o. 4 V JOU RNAL O F INOR GAN IC CH EM ISTR Y D ec., 1996 3 (, 200032) X -, (Bz) (T s),, IR UV g V IS M S, [Cu (phen) 2 ] + X - g [Cu (phen) 2 ] (CH 3C 4H 6SO 3)C2H 5OH, X2ray Cu g
More informationAlles Taylor & Duke, LLC Bob Wright, PE RECORD DRAWINGS. CPOW Mini-Ed Conf er ence Mar ch 27, 2015
RECORD DRAWINGS CPOW Mini-Ed Conf er ence Mar ch 27, 2015 NOMENCLATURE: Record Draw ings?????? What Hap p ened t o As- Built s?? PURPOSE: Fur n ish a Reco r d o f Co m p o n en t s Allo w Locat io n o
More information, ( IM A G) (10 cm 10 cm 6. 5 cm ) > 5 ),, m , 2. 5 m. m 2 ), (V PD ),
17 6 001 11 T ransactions of the CSA E V o l. 17N o. 6 N ov. 001 85 : 1006819 (001) 06008505 1 Cecilia Stanghellin i (1. ;. Institute of A gricultural and Environm ental Engineering W ageningen N etherlands)
More informationGCr M cm.
29 4 Vol. 29 No. 4 2009 7 Tribology July, 2009 1, 1, 2 (1., 200240; 2., 730000) : (CNTs), CNTs, (AFM ) ( SEM ), X (XPS), UMT - 2MT : 3 - (MPTS),., 0. 85 0. 10,, : ; ; ; : TH117. 1 : A : 1004-0595 (2009)
More information, (A ssociation fo r Educational Comm un ication s and T echno logy, A ECT ) (Barbara Seels),
2004 10 (138 ) [ ] 1003-1553 (2004) 10-0008- 10 (, 410081) [ ] A ECT :, [ ] A ECT; ; ; ; [] G40-057[] A 2004 7 23, 2004, (A ssociation fo r Educational Comm un ication s and T echno logy, A ECT ) (Barbara
More informationM ethane D ry Reform ing over A lum ina Supported Co Catalysts
CH EM. R ES. CH IN ESE U. 2004, 20 (4), 457 461 M ethane D ry Reform ing over A lum ina Supported Co Catalysts CH EN X iao2w ei, X IAO T ian2cun, Sergio L. Gonz lez Co rt s and M alco lm L. H. Green 3
More informationChapter 5 Workshop on Fitting of Linear Data
Chapter 5 Workshop on Fitting of Linear Data (Contributed by E.L. Allen, SJSU) 5.0 Learning Objectives After successfully com pleting this laboratory workshop, including the assigned reading, the lab repot
More information90% , :W o lfe R. R. (1985) [ 2 ] (BCC2boundary chain code), 98. 5%, , Pavlid is T. (1982) , [ 4 ] 2
4 16 3 2000 5 T ransactions of the CSA E V o l. 16 N o. 3 M ay 2000 3 ( ) ( ) : 4 : [ 1 ] 3 ( 1) 90% 1 :W o lfe R. R. (1985) [ 2 ] (BCC2boundary chain code) 1 F ig. 1 P rofile of an o range at th ree different
More informationTHIS PAGE DECLASSIFIED IAW EO IRIS u blic Record. Key I fo mation. Ma n: AIR MATERIEL COMM ND. Adm ni trative Mar ings.
T H S PA G E D E CLA SSFED AW E O 2958 RS u blc Recod Key fo maon Ma n AR MATEREL COMM ND D cumen Type Call N u b e 03 V 7 Rcvd Rel 98 / 0 ndexe D 38 Eneed Dae RS l umbe 0 0 4 2 3 5 6 C D QC d Dac A cesson
More informationBuilding Validation Suites with Eclipse for M odel-based G eneration Tools
Building Validation Suites with Eclipse for M odel-based G eneration Tools 24.6.2010 D r. O scar Slotosch Validas A G C ontent M o d el-b ased D evelo p m en t (o f Em b ed d ed Syst em s) ISO 26262 Valid
More informationCon struction and applica tion of m odeling tendency of land type tran sition ba sed on spa tia l adjacency
29 1 2009 1 ACTA ECOLOGICA SIN ICA Vol. 29, No. 1 Jan., 2009 1, 2, 3, 1, 3 (1., 250014; 2. ( ), 100083; 3., 100101) :,, 2000 2005,,,,, : ; ; ; : 100020933 (2009) 0120337207 : F323. 1, Q147, S126 : A Con
More informationInf luence of Surface Structure of Pla tinum Electrodes on Electroox idation of CO 3
CH EM. R ES. CH IN ESE U. 2003, 19 (4), 474 480 Inf luence of Surface Structure of Pla tinum Electrodes on Electroox idation of CO 3 X IA X ing2hua 3 3, ZHAN G D ai and SON G Yan2yan S ta te K ey L abora
More informationTh e E u r o p e a n M ig r a t io n N e t w o r k ( E M N )
Th e E u r o p e a n M ig r a t io n N e t w o r k ( E M N ) H E.R E T h em at ic W o r k sh o p an d Fin al C o n fer en ce 1 0-1 2 Ju n e, R agu sa, It aly D avid R eisen zein IO M V ien n a Foto: Monika
More information19 2 A CTA AN THRO POLO G ICA S IN ICA. M ay, ) 11, (H y loba tes concolor) (Keystone species) : ( )
19 2 2000 5 A CTA AN THRO POLO G ICA S IN ICA V o l119,n o12 M ay, 2000 (, 650223) (H y lobates concolor) 11 4,,,, 6 5, (H. c. hainanus) 20, ;. (H. c. nasu tus) 50, 60-70 ; (H. c. concolor) 100, 40-60,
More informationUse precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to inform about or explain the topic. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.WHST D
Lesson eight What are characteristics of chemical reactions? Science Constructing Explanations, Engaging in Argument and Obtaining, Evaluating, and Communicating Information ENGLISH LANGUAGE ARTS Reading
More informationClass Diagrams. CSC 440/540: Software Engineering Slide #1
Class Diagrams CSC 440/540: Software Engineering Slide # Topics. Design class diagrams (DCDs) 2. DCD development process 3. Associations and Attributes 4. Dependencies 5. Composition and Constraints 6.
More informationM M 3. F orc e th e insid e netw ork or p rivate netw ork traffic th rough th e G RE tunnel using i p r ou t e c ommand, fol l ow ed b y th e internal
C i s c o P r o f i l e C o n t a c t s & F e e d b a c k H e l p C isc o S M B S up p ort A ssistant Pass Routing Information over IPsec VPN Tunnel between two ASA/PIX H ome > W ork W ith M y S ec urity
More informationLesson Ten. What role does energy play in chemical reactions? Grade 8. Science. 90 minutes ENGLISH LANGUAGE ARTS
Lesson Ten What role does energy play in chemical reactions? Science Asking Questions, Developing Models, Investigating, Analyzing Data and Obtaining, Evaluating, and Communicating Information ENGLISH
More informationSTEEL PIPE NIPPLE BLACK AND GALVANIZED
Price Sheet Effective August 09, 2018 Supersedes CWN-218 A Member of The Phoenix Forge Group CapProducts LTD. Phone: 519-482-5000 Fax: 519-482-7728 Toll Free: 800-265-5586 www.capproducts.com www.capitolcamco.com
More informationExecutive Committee and Officers ( )
Gifted and Talented International V o l u m e 2 4, N u m b e r 2, D e c e m b e r, 2 0 0 9. G i f t e d a n d T a l e n t e d I n t e r n a t i o n a2 l 4 ( 2), D e c e m b e r, 2 0 0 9. 1 T h e W o r
More informationSyn theses of Som e Organ ic Fluorescen t D yes for Secur ity Tickers 3
EM. R ES. I ESE U. 2004, 20 (2), 216 220 Syn theses of Som e rgan ic Fluorescen t D yes for Secur ity Tickers 3 L I Jun2fen, BA I Guan, L I Pei2hua, T IA M ei2lin, D G huan 3 3 and L I D u2x in D ep a
More informationREFUGEE AND FORCED MIGRATION STUDIES
THE OXFORD HANDBOOK OF REFUGEE AND FORCED MIGRATION STUDIES Edited by ELENA FIDDIAN-QASMIYEH GIL LOESCHER KATY LONG NANDO SIGONA OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS C o n t e n t s List o f Abbreviations List o f
More informationEffect of different foliar fertilizers on growth of Capsicum annuum L.
2009, 32 (2) : 76281 Journal of N anjing A gricultural U niversity http: / / nauxb1njau1edu1cn,,,. [ J ]., 2009, 32 (2) : 76281, 3,,, (, 210095) :,,,, 1210% 2416%, N P K,,,, C,,,, : ; ; ; : S64113; S143
More informationStereoselective Syn thesis of the Pherom ones of An t
V o l. 15 N o. 3 1 9 9 9 Chem ical R esearch in Ch inese U niversities 238 242 Stereoselective Syn thesis of the Pherom ones of An t Tetram or ium Imp u rm and L ep togenys D im inu ta 3 L I Yan 3 3, HUAN
More informationElectrochem ical Performance Stud ies of Tin Ox ide Prepared by Sol-Gel 3
CH EM. R ES. CH IN ESE U. 2004, 20 (5), 647 651 Electrochem ical Performance Stud ies of Tin Ox ide Prepared by Sol-Gel 3 M A Yue, ZHOU D e2feng, ZHAN G J ing2p ing, HAO J ie, X IE H ai2m ing ZHAN G X
More informationFeasibility Analysis, Dynamics, and Control of Distillation Columns With Vapor Recompression.
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1981 Feasibility Analysis, Dynamics, and Control of Distillation Columns With Vapor Recompression.
More informationF O R M T H R E E K enya C ertificate of Secondary E ducation
N a m e : A d m. N o...... D a t e : C la ss:.... 565/1 FO R M 3 B U S I N E S S S T U D I E S P A P E R 1 T I M E : 2 H O U R S T R I A L 6 2 0 1 8 FO R M 3 B U S I N E S S S T U D I E S P A P E R 1 T
More informationANALY SIS OF NONL INEAR DY NAM IC SOL ID -FL U ID INTERACTION RESPONSE OF A LAM INATED COM POSITE PLATE
A CTA M A T ER IA E COM PO S ITA E S IN ICA 7 2 2000 V o. 7 N o. February 2000 : 0002385 (2000) 020093205 (, 200030) : ; H am ton ; ; : ; ; ; : TB 330. : A ANALY SIS OF NONL INEAR DY NAM IC SOL ID -FL
More informationFOR SALE T H S T E., P R I N C E AL BER T SK
FOR SALE 1 50 1 1 5 T H S T E., P R I N C E AL BER T SK CHECK OUT THIS PROPERTY ON YOUTUBE: LIVINGSKY CONDOS TOUR W W W. LIV IN G S K YC O N D O S. C A Th e re is ou tstan d in g val ue in these 52 re
More informationA Comparison of Two Methods of Teaching Computer Programming to Secondary Mathematics Students.
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1983 A Comparison of Two Methods of Teaching Computer Programming to Secondary Mathematics Students.
More informationSoftware Process Models there are many process model s in th e li t e ra t u re, s om e a r e prescriptions and some are descriptions you need to mode
Unit 2 : Software Process O b j ec t i ve This unit introduces software systems engineering through a discussion of software processes and their principal characteristics. In order to achieve the desireable
More informationNUMERICAL SIMULATION OF MHD-PROBLEMS ON THE BASIS OF VARIATIONAL APPROACH
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF MHD-PROBLEMS ON THE BASIS OF VARIATIONAL APPROACH V.M. G o lo v izn in, A.A. Sam arskii, A.P. Favor s k i i, T.K. K orshia In s t it u t e o f A p p lie d M athem atics,academy
More informationPha se Behav ior of the Ternary Solution Involv ing Rodl ike and Random Co il Polym ers 3
V ol. 16 N o. 2 2000 Chem ical R esearch in Ch inese U niversities 163 168 Pha se Behav ior of the Ternary Solution Involv ing Rodl ike and Random Co il Polym ers 3 L IN J ia2p ing 3 3, WU H e2rong and
More informationM itchelson R L , (Wolfson index) ( Tsui - W ang index) : ; : : ( ) :,, E - mail: edu.
2 8 6 28 No. 6 Vol. 2 0 0 8 1 2 SC IENTIA GEOGRAPH ICA SIN ICA Dec., 2 0 0 8 1, 2, 3 (1., 100101; 2., 100049; 3.,, 130024) : ; 1990, ;, - ;, - : ; ; ; ; : F119. 9 : A : 1000-0690 (2008) 06-0722 - 07, M
More informationDangote Flour Mills Plc
SUMMARY OF OFFER Opening Date 6 th September 27 Closing Date 27 th September 27 Shares on Offer 1.25bn Ord. Shares of 5k each Offer Price Offer Size Market Cap (Post Offer) Minimum Offer N15. per share
More informationM otor Fault D iagnosis w ith M ultisen sor Da ta Fusion
17 1 o l. 17 N o. 1 V 2005 2 P roceedings of the CSU 2EPSA Feb. 2005, (, 310027) :,,,,,, (fusion diagno sis system, FD S), : ; ; ; : T P212; TM 307 : A : 100328930 (2005) 0120048205 M otor Fault D iagnosis
More informationMAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
(ISO/IEC - 7-5 Certiied) Page No: /6 WINTER 5 EXAMINATION MODEL ANSWER Subject: ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS (EMS) Subject Code: 76 Important Instructions to eaminers: The model answer shall be the complete
More information; ; ; The rela tion sh ip between landscape pa ttern and the habita t of g ian t panda s on the southern slope of the m iddle Qin ling M oun ta in s
24 9 2004 9 A CTA ECOLO G ICA S IN ICA V o l. 24,N o. 9 Sep., 2004 1, 13, 1, 1, 2 3, (11, 100084; 21, 710082; 31, 100080) :, ;, 3 ( ), 1 km 2, ; 1km 2 : (1),,, ; (2),,, ; (3), ; (4) 1km 2, 3, : ; ; ; ;
More informationFunctional pottery [slide]
Functional pottery [slide] by Frank Bevis Fabens A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Fine Arts Montana State University Copyright by Frank Bevis Fabens
More informationInstruction Sheet COOL SERIES DUCT COOL LISTED H NK O. PR D C FE - Re ove r fro e c sed rea. I Page 1 Rev A
Instruction Sheet COOL SERIES DUCT COOL C UL R US LISTED H NK O you or urc s g t e D C t oroug y e ore s g / as e OL P ea e rea g product PR D C FE RES - Re ove r fro e c sed rea t m a o se e x o duct
More informationB ooks Expans ion on S ciencedirect: 2007:
B ooks Expans ion on S ciencedirect: 2007: 1 INFORUM, 22-24 May, Prague Piotr Golkiewicz Account Manager Elsevier B.V. Email: p.golkiewicz@elsevier.com Mobile: +48 695 30 60 17 2 Pres entation Overview
More informationSodium-Initiated Polymerization of Alpha- Methylstyrene in the Vicinity of Its Reported Ceiling Temperature
Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Dissertations Graduate College 8-1976 Sodium-Initiated Polymerization of Alpha- Methylstyrene in the Vicinity of Its Reported Ceiling Temperature Shuenn-long
More information