The strong CP puzzle and axions

Transcription

1 The strong CP puzzle nd xions 1 Seongte Prk Center for Axion nd Precision Physics(CAPP) Institute for Bsic Science, South Kore Workshop on The strong CP puzzle nd xions LPSC, Grenoble Frnce My. 14~16, 018

2 Outline

3 3 Center for Axion nd Precision Physics (CAPP) t Institute for Bsic Science (IBS) (Director: Ynnis Semertzidis) Web site: Locted t KAIST cmpus in Dejeon, South Kore We re working on: Axion-drk mtter serch Microwve resonnce cvity xion serch (Cryogenics, Electronics, Super conducting mgnet, SQUID, etc.) ARIADNE, GNOME Storge ring Proton/Deuteron EDM Polrimeter, Bem position monitoring (with mgnetic shielding), Bem dynmics, etc. Storge ring xion serch Muon g- experiment Fermi lb. muon g-, J-PARC Others (COMET, etc) Ptrs workshop, 016 (next week, 0~4, June)

4 EDM nd CP violtion 4 Motivtion Strong CP problem, QCD Mtter-ntimtter symmetry (Bryogenesis) Electric Dipole Moment -Q +Q r d Qr P, T violtion due to n EDM H B d E T ( B, chnge) : H B d E P( E chnge) : H B d E q q g, d m mc A nonzero prticle EDM violtes P, T, nd ssuming CPT conservtion, lso CP violtion.

5 Serching EDM 5 Current EDM bounds The first EDM experiment strted by Smith, Purcell nd Rmsey in 1951 SM predicts non-vnishing EDM (nd published in 1957) obtining d e < e.cm limit of d n < e cm. d n,p < e.cm Beyond current experiment limit SUSY prediction: 10-5 ~10-8 e cm (nedm limit) Neutron EDM bound: d n <.9x10-6 e.cm ( 06) Proton EDM bound: d p <7.9x10-5 e.cm ( 09, 199 Hg) Electron EDM bound: d e <8.7x10-9 e. cm ( 14,ThO) Trget sensitivity level in the storge pedm experiment High sttistics (10 11 protons/store) is chievble using storge ring Gol 10-9 e cm (sttisticl limit in bout one yer) e cm (with n upgrde) Physics rech >10 3 TeV

6 EDM nd spin precession/principle Spin dynmics (with EDM nd MDM) in mgnetic+electric field (T-BMT eqution ) 0 B E with, 1 1 g B c E c E B m e MDM in B-field MDM in induced B-field EDM term 6 ) / ( ), / ( mc e d m e g ( edm ) s dxe xb dt ds edm (for prticle t rest) (T-BMT eqution: for moving prticle)

7 Storge ring technique for EDM serch 7 g- precession in pure electric ring e m m p E c for the proton (= (3)) >0 m 0 t p GeV/c : mgic momentum Use frozen spin method (sttic EDM mesurement) Spin freezes to the momentum direction >0 prticles (p,e, etc.): use mgic momentum Pure electric ring CW/CCW bems (minimize systemtic error!) <0 (deuteron) : use E+B field spin precesses only on the verticl plne! e E EDM m c Storge ring EDM collbortion is trying to estblish the experiment t CERN EDM Kick-off meeting t CERN in Mr. 017 Second meeting t Juelich, Germny (Mr. 018)

8 Polrimeter nd symmetry 8 Use symmetricl proton scttering on Crbon trget Hdronic elstic scttering (spin-orbit interction) Asymmetricl proton hit distribution on the detector plne L/R (U/D) symmetry for verticl (horizontl) component of proton polriztion For spin 1/ prticle ( ) ( )[1 PA] P y y unpol y y L / R symmetry 1 L R A L R L R L R P A LR y y Incoming protons P y is clculted from the symmetry with known A y P y chnges in time due to the precession in E field. Simultion by Hoyong Jeong

9 Slow bem extrction to trget 9 COSY crbon tube trget COSY ring (Juelich, Germny) COSY EDDA detector FZJ, Juelich, Germny

10 Sttisticl error of mesured EDM d (sttisticl sensitivity) 10 L/R symmetry for verticl polriztion LR ( t ) L R ( t ) L R pa t t de t / P: degree of bem polriztion d : EDM, E: Electric field, t : mesurement time Sttisticl error for d d PAE N tot ft tot p where P is the degree of polriztion, A nlyzing power nd E is the electric field cusing the spin precession. If we use the prmeters P = 0.8, A = 0.6, E = 10.5 MV/m, N tot = prticles/storge, n effective detection efficiency of f = 0.011, totl running time T tot = 10 7 s/yer, nd spin coherence time of p = 10 3 s, the resulting sttisticl error is ~ e.cm per yer.

11 Spin precession rte 11 *From pedm proposl In pedm experiment, spin processes on the verticl plne. The storge time will be 1000 s. EDM signl of ~3 rd/1000s Projected systemtic error << 1 ppm Need long spin coherence time Alredy chieved >1000 s SCT (COSY)

12 Sttisticl errors nd figure of merit 1 L/R symmetry LR L R p y Ay L R The uncertinty in the symmetry is given by p y LR y A 1 N A 0 y The denomintor is clled the Figure Of Merit. FOM A N 0 : differentil cross section Optimum ngle (FOM) rnge: 5~0 deg. pedm polrimeter (from pedm proposl)

13 AxionEDM serch 13

14 About xion induced oscillting EDM 14 Drk mtter xion bckground field is oscillting = 0 cos( t) m c /, m : xion mss The oscillting xion field is coupled with Photon P B VCQ sig g m 0 gluons, fermions, nucleon, etc. Oscillting EDM ( t ) 0 cos( mt ) dt () d cos( mt ) d n f L ecm cos( m t)[ ecm] x Generic feture Peter W. Grhm nd Surjeet Rjendrn. Phys. Rev. D, 84, , (011) Phys. Rev. D, 88, 03503, (013)

15 Axion coupled EDM mesurement using storge ring method 15 sredm (CAPP) Peter W. Grhm, Surjeet Rjendrn, Phys. Rev. D 84, (011). Experiments on xion serch() Our proposl: Scn frequency rnge 10-9 Hz~10 8 Hz using storge ring technique. xion prmeter spce:10 13 GeV f GeV

16 Spin trcking for AxionEDM serch 16 B c E c E c E g B g B g s m e dt ds c E c E B m e dt d ) ( 1 1 ) ( 1 1 mc e s mc e d m ge m s ge 4 / ) / (, /4 ) / ( ( edm ) s dxe xb dt ds In prticle t rest 0 () cos( ) ()4 () dt d t dt mc t e In storge ring

17 EDM precession t resonnce condition 17 E * s EDM prec : d()>0 d()<0 EDM prec : s ds dt EDM e mc s E * dt () d cos( t ) dt ()4mc () t e 0

18 Resonnce of Axion induced oscillting EDM with g- precession in storge ring 18 c E B m e 1 1 B c E m e d * *, d d d E E E c B dt Benefit from strong effective E field! Deuteron, d 0 =10-7 e.cm -3x10-7 rd/s

19 Sttic EDM nd oscillting EDM experiments 19 Sttic EDM mesurement Use frozen spin (FS) method Spin precesses only on the verticl plne No precession on the ring plne edm e E mc Axion-EDM mesurement uses non-zero g- precession Resonnce method Spin precession on the ring plne Benefit from lrger effective E-field ( ) More sensitive Also uses FS method for low frequency serch (<mhz) edm d d E * *, E E c B dt s s=1/ for protons, 1 for deuterons

20 Estimtion of the sensitivity 0 f xion =10 5 Hz Error for the EDM d s d E * edm From symmetry simultion Simulted L/R symmetry with liner fit L R symmetry P A / LR y y L R L R

21 Determintion of storge ring prmeters 1 Pure mgnetic ring for deuteron, =-0.14 Ring bending rdius r=10m d PAE N tot ft tot p E+B ring Pure B field ring Use E+B combined ring to improve the sensitivity

22 Sensitivity clcultion results for Deuteron Sensitivity(e.cm), 8x10 7 s mesurement B (T) P (GeV/c) f g- (Hz) Er (V/m) E* (V/m) SCT=10 3 s SCT=10 4 s SCT=10 5 s Ring Q=3E6 Q=1E10 Q=3E6 Q=1E10 Q=3E6 Q=1E E E E E E E E E-3 9.9E E+0 8.8E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E-31 1.E E-3 E/B ring E E E E E E-30.9E E E-3 A= E E E E E E-30.7E E E-3 r=10 m E E E E-30 7.E E-30.3E E-30 5.E E E E E-30 6.E E-30.0E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E+06.01E E E-31.5E E-3.5E E E E E E E E E E-3 A= E E E E-3 4.4E-30.5E-3 4.4E-30.4E-3 r=10 m E * : effective electric field, SCT: spin coherence time, Q:xion qulity fctor, A: nlyzing power of the polrimeter, r: ring rdius

23 Sensitivity clcultion results for Proton 3 Sensitivity(e.cm), 8x10 7 s mesurement B (T) P (GeV/c) f g- (Hz) Er (V/m) E* (V/m) SCT=10 3 s SCT=10 4 s SCT=10 5 s Q=3E6 Q=1E10 Q=3E6 Q=1E10 Q=3E6 Q=1E E E E E E E E E E E+0-8.0E E E E E E-31.E E E E E E E E E E E E E E+06.E E E E E E-31 E/B ring E E E E E E E E E-31 A= E E E E E E E E-30.0E-31 r=5 m E E E+06 1.E-9 1.1E-30 1.E-9 4.8E-31 1.E-9.3E E E E E-9 1.7E E-9 5.3E E-9.9E E+05-1.E E E-9 1.7E E-9 5.4E E-9 3.4E E E E+06.1E-9 1.7E-30.1E-9 5.5E-31.1E-9 3.8E E E E-9 3.6E E-9 1.9E E-9.4E-31 A= E E+09.3E-9 3.9E-3 3.4E-9 5.8E-3 3.4E-9 5.8E-3 r=10 m E * : effective electric field, SCT: spin coherence time, Q:xion qulity fctor, A: nlyzing power of the polrimeter, r: ring rdius

24 Axion phse effect 4 dt () d cos( t ) x =0 mens d is prllel to s, positive nd mx. 0 x EDM depends on the initil xion phse ( x ). However ctul EDM cn be obtined from the mesurement of two orthogonl initil spin settings. EDM EDM, S1 EDM, S Axion phse is not n experimentlly controllble prmeter

25 Low frequency (<mhz) mesurement with FS conditions 5 Exmple: with d 0 =10-7 e.cm FS condition Prticl Deuteron Momentum GeV/c B-field T E-field E+06 V/m E* E+07 V/m AP=0.36, SCT=10 4 s f xion =10-6 Hz No extr mesurement is required for the xion serch in this frequency region (<mhz). One cn do the sttic EDM experiment with frozen spin conditions nd do the nlysis for xion signl serch fterwrds. Sensitivity =4.x10-31 e.cm for 4 yers of mesurement ( 8x10 7 s)

26 Experiment limit 6 locl DM 0.3 GeV / cm 3 nedm: Ultr-cold neutron trp experiment

27 Summry nd pln 7 Sttic EDM serch using the storge ring with frozen spin method (cpedm collbortion), ~10-9 e.cm We propose using the storge ring EDM method to mesure the xion induced oscillting EDM t the resonnce conditions between the xion frequency nd g- precession frequency (> mhz). Bellow mhz region cn be serched using frozen spin condition. The resulting sensitivity reches up to ~10-3 e.cm for n oscillting EDM which hve never been implemented so fr. A wide rnge of frequency (10-9 Hz~10 8 Hz) of xion drk mtter cn be tested using both deuterons nd protons in the sme storge ring. One experiment two physics mesurements (EDM+Axion) Plns: Prepring proposl for the mesurement t COSY (Juelich, Germny) This work cn be found in the rxiv:

28 Center for Axion nd Precision Physics (, KAIST) 8 We re working on: Axion serch Proton/Deuteron EDM Muon g- experiment Etc. Locted t KAIST cmpus in Dejeon, South Kore Thnk you!