crown/cap crest α b core/base bedding and/or filter

Transcription

1 08a uary of ule Mound Breakwater Deign Equation B oean ide rown/ap ret aror layer, W ay/haror ide DW h firt underlayer h WL toe h t ore/ae eond underlayer B t edding and/or filter Deign Conept/ Proedure 1. peify Deign Condition deign wave ( 1/, ax, T o, L o, depth, water elevation, overtopping, reaking, purpoe of truture, et.). et reakwater dienion h, h,, h t, B,,. Deterine aror unit ize/ type and underlayer requireent 4. Develop toe truture and filter or edding layer 5. Analyze foundation ettleent, earing apaity and taility 6. Adjut paraeter and repeat a neeary Deign Wave 1. Uually 1/, ut ay e 1/10 to redue repair ot (Paifi NW) (UACE reoend 1/10 ). The depth liited reaking wave hould e alulated and opared with the unroken tor wave height, and the leer of the two hoen a the deign wave. (Breaking our in water in front of truture). Ue /h ~ 0.6 to For variale water depth, deign in egent et BW Dienion (ontrolled y height & lope) 1. Deign elevation (peak rown elevation) DW + et-up + run-up + freeoard. un-up (CEM VI-5, pp. -19) aed on urf zone paraeter at the truture tan ξ, L reakwater fae lope,

2 ignifiant wave height at toe of truture L orreponding wave length at toe of truture a. Exaple (CEM equation VI-5-1, ee p. VI-5-17 for oeffiient) for ξ 1.5 Aξ for 1.5 < ξ (D/B) 1/C for ξ > (D/B) 1/C u,i% u,i%. edued un-up ( ) u u,i% Bξ u,i% D urfae roughne C er hallow water wave angle. elative Freeoard * π 4. Overtopping Diharge (CEM VI-5, pp. 19-) * Q g T a exp (Tale VI-5-8) exaple: Owen odel: ( ) ( ) 5. Aror "tone" Weight (CEM VI-6, pp ) exaple: rok aror, non-overtopping, layer (Tale VI-5-): W K D a ( G 1) ot 6. Aror thikne t nk, n nuer of layer (at leat ) a 7. Cret width (iniu n ): B k a 8. Nuer of aror unit per urfae area Na A nk 1 P 100 a W / 9. Underlayer thikne t nk a 10. Underlayer Guidane: Firt Underlayer (diretly under the aror unit) iniu two tone thik (n ) (1) under layer unit weight W/10 if over layer and firt underlayer are oth tone

3 if the firt underlayer i tone and the over layer i onrete aror unit with K D 10 () under layer unit weight W/15 when the over layer i of aror unit with K D > 10 eond Underlayer - n thik, W/0 Layer Weight atio Equivalent Diaeter atio Priary Aror Layer W/1 1 Firt Underlayer W/10.15 eond Under Layer W/00.7 Bae/ Core Material W/ Underlayer Volue (fro geoetry) for any layer: A V t a + a L T t h B h ( ) h + A + ( h ot ) ot B T A + A + T in a h ot ( ot T in ) ( h) ot ( ot ) T in 1. Core Material Guidane D15 For orted aterial (e.g. quarry tone) under tati (al) load : < 5 d Under dynai load (i.e. wave fore), ore retritive rule apply: D50 W.5 to, whih give 15 to 5 (aue W D ) d50 w ae 1. Filter Deign Criteria D15 To prevent aterial fro leahing out: < 4 to 5 (reakwater deign) d85 d 85 dia. exeeded y the oaret 15% of the ae at'l D 15 dia. exeeded y the oaret 85% of the filter at'l D15 To prevent pore preure uild-up: > 4 to 5 (eankent deign) d15 D60 To aintain filter layer internal taility: < 10 (i.e. well orted aterial i D10 D60 preferred). Poorly orted aterial i not uitale for filter 0 D 10 85

4 14. Toe Deign a. D 50 (aue ue). Toe tone Weight (iterative proe to atify tone ize and toe depth requireent) W N, G 1 ( ) variou option for alulating a iniu N i. Tale VI-5-45 for regular wave,

5 ii. Tale VI-5-48 (priarily for opoite reakwater) axiu of or N 1.8, where N kh K inh kh 1 K h 1. K in kb + 1.8exp 1.5 ( 1 K). Toe Ber Width (B t ) hould e the axiu of B t or B t 0.4h, and at leat tone wide. d. Toe height hould e at leat tone. d f, with 1.0 at ξ ~ our Depth ( ξ) 0.5 to1. 0 ettleent & Bearing Capaity: K h t 1. Evaluate the ultiate earing apaity preure q u. Deterine a reaonale fator of afety (F) aed on availale uurfae urfae inforation, variaility of the oil, oil layering and trength, type and iportane of the truture and pat experiene. F will typially e etween and 4. (arine appliation ). Evaluate allowale earing apaity q a y dividing q u y F; i.e., q a q u /F 4. Perfor ettleent analyi when poile and adjut the earing preure (i.e. reakwater deign) until ettleent are within tolerale liit. The reulting deign earing preure q d ay e le than q a. ettleent analyi i partiularly needed when opreile layer are preent eneath the depth of the zone of a potential earing failure. ettleent analyi ut e perfored on iportant truture and thoe enitive to ettleent. Ultiate Bearing Capaity For aturated, uerged oil trip foundation: q u q + qq + q N + qnq BN irular foundation quare foundation q q u u q + qq + q 1.N + qnq + 0. BN q + qq + q 1.N + qnq BN q, q q, q load ontriution fro oheion, oil weight and urharge N, N q, N earing apaity fator for oheion, oil weight and urharge otain fro equation or tale (ee note) aed on frition angle oheion trength of oil q oil weight, q D

6 q a G 1 ' effetive ulk denity of oil ( w w ) e B width of the foundation D the depth of penetration of the foundation qu F ettleent in and: n 1 i 1 C C σ Ιz z E i i ettleent in Clay / i + + Priary Conolidation ettleent ( ) Norally onolidated: C σ0' +σv log e0 σ0' e C log σ ' +σ ' [( ) σ '] 0 v 0 Over-onolidated: C σ0' +σ log e0 σ0' v typially C i 10-0% of C For thik lay, divide into n ultiple layer & ue appropriate equation for eah layer (hear tre i oputed at enter of u-layer) n i 1 i Conider depth to B for quare foundation (BxB) or 4B for trip foundation (BxL), B i the width (elow thi depth, the load ha diipated and i zero) ot arine oil are overonolidated - edientation inreae the urharge on the oil, ut uequent eroion reove uh of the load eondary Conolidation ettleent ( ) C t log e0 t F P where: t F tie at whih agnitude of eondary opreion required t P tie orreponding to end of priary onolidation

7 Note: C' [C /(e P )] found y Meri to have orrelation with water ontent, an replae C /(e 0 ) with C' in aove equation for (ee Da Fig. 8.19) Unifor C /C ratio (UACE) Inorgani Clay ilt Peat