Energy Notes. Name: Hr:

Transcription

1 Energy Notes Name: Hr:

2 Guided Outline 5-1 Nature of Energy Directions: As you read through Chapter 5 in your textbook, fill in the missing information. I. Section 1: Nature of Energy A. What is Energy? 1. Definition of Energy: 2. List/describe the forms of energy and an example of each. a. ex. b.. ex. c.. ex. d.. ex. e.. ex. B. Kinetic Energy (KE) 1. Kinetic Energy: (Definition) 2. Kinetic energy depends upon & 3. Kinetic Energy Formula: 4. Kinetic Energy is measured in.

3 C. Potential Energy (PE) 1. Potential Energy: (Definition) 2. Falling Apple: label the energy, and explain. Explain: 3. Elastic Potential Energy: (Definition)- a. Example of Elastic Potential Energy 4. Chemical Potential Energy: (Definition)- a. 2 Examples of chemical potential energy Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE): (Definition) a. GPE depends upon & b. GPE Formula: c. GPE is measured in.

4 D. Section 1 Summary (Fill in the blanks) E. Section 1 Review Self Check Questions p. 133 #

5 II. Section 2: Conservation of Energy A. Changing Forms of Energy 1. List 3 other examples of electrical energy changing forms. a. b. c. B. Conversions Between Kinetic and Potential Energy 1. is the TOTAL amount of potential and kinetic energy in a system and DOES NOT CHANGE! Equation: 2. Falling Objects have due to the earth pulling down on it. Label the picture of a falling object with the energy transformations: Greatest KE, Greatest PE Explain what s happening to the energy:

6 3. Energy transformations occur during projectile motion when an object moves in a. Label the picture of a projectile with the energy transformations: Greatest KE, Greatest PE Explain what s happening to the energy: 4. Energy transformations that occur in a swinging motion (pendulum) have the greatest at the top of the swing and the greatest at the bottom of its swing. Label the picture of the pendulum with all the KE/PE transformations taking place. (see p. 138) Explain what s happening to the energy:

7 C. The Law of Conservation of Energy 1. The Law States That 2. Energy In = 2. Friction converts energy into energy. 3. Nuclear Fusion takes a small amount of and converts it into a large amount of. This process takes place. 4. During Nuclear Fission the nuclei of atoms are and mass is converted into. This process of nuclear fission is used by nuclear power plants to generate energy. D. The Human Body-Balancing the Energy Equation. 1. Your body stores energy in the form of and other. Your body uses this potential energy to fuel the process that keep you alive. Your body also converts this energy to that is transferred to your surroundings.

8 E. Section 2 Summary (Fill in the blanks) F. Section 2 Review Self Check Questions p. 143 #

9 NOTES REVIEW Complete the following concept map on Energy. ENERGY Has different including including that can be potential energy energy of motion which is which is but never Complete each statement using a word(s) from the vocabulary word bank. 1. If friction can be ignored, the of a system doesn t change. 2. The energy stored in a compressed spring is. 3. The is the SI unit for energy. 4. When a book is moved from a higher shelf to a lower shelf, its is changed. 5. The muscles of a runner transform chemical potential energy into. 6. According to the, the amount of energy in the universe doesn t change it only transforms from one form to another. chemical potential energy gravitational potential energy law of conservation of energy elastic potential energy joule mechanical energy energy kinetic energy potential energy

10 Choose the word or phrase that best answers the question. 7. What occurs when energy is transferred from one object to another? a. an explosion b. a chemical reaction c. nuclear fusion d. a change 8. For which of the following is kinetic energy converted into potential energy? a. a boulder rolls down a hill b. a ball is thrown upward c. a swing comes to a stop d. a bowling ball rolls horizontally 9. The gravitational potential energy of an object changes when which of the following changes? a. the object s speed b. the object s mass c. the object s temperature d. the object s length 10. Friction causes mechanical energy (like when you rub your hands together) to be transformed into which of these forms? a. thermal b. nuclear c. kinetic d. potential 11. The kinetic energy of an object changes when which of the following changes? a. the object s chemical potential energy b. the object s volume c. the object s direction of motion d. the object s speed 12. When an energy transformation occurs, which of the following is true? a. Mechanical energy doesn t change. b. Mechanical energy is lost. c. The total energy doesn t change. d. Mass is converted into energy. Use the graph to answer questions When the car s speed doubles from 20 m/s to 40 m/s, by how many times does the car s kinetic energy increase? 14. Estimate the car s kinetic energy at a speed of 50 m/s. 15. If the car s kinetic energy at a speed of 20 m/s is 400J, what is the car s kinetic energy at a speed of 10 m/s? Use the graph to answer question According the graph, give the best estimate for the kinetic energy of the rock after it has fallen for 1 second. 17. If the rock hit the ground after 4 seconds, how much energy did the rock have before it was dropped? Explain.