Physical Science Packet Chapter 4 & 6: Energy and Heat
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1 Physical Science Packet Chapter 4 & 6: Energy and Heat Name: Due: Date of Chapter 4/6 Test 1
2 Energy and Heat Study Guide Major topics on the test will include: A. Kinetic vs. Potential Energy a. Know the equations used to calculate each of these. b. Know examples of when a rollercoaster has each of these. c. Know the term Joule B. Types of Energy Sources a. Elastic b. Chemical i. How does food provide energy for our body? c. Gravitational C. Law of Conservation of Energy a. State the law b. Transforming electrical and chemical energy c. How does friction and heat play a role in the conservation of energy? d. How does our body change energy intro different forms? D. Mechanical Energy a. Know how falling objects, swings, and projectile motion show the change in energy from kinetic to potential b. Mechanical Energy = Kinetic Energy + Potential Energy E. Energy Transfer a. Conduction Know how this works and examples b. Convection Know how this works and examples i. How does this affect our climate? F. Energy and the Sun a. Radiant Energy 2
3 Insert Concept Map Here 3
4 Essential Questions List Date Started: Question #1: Notes: (to be filled out on review day) Date Started: Question #2: Notes: (to be filled out on review day) Date Started: Question #3: Notes: (to be filled out on review day) Date Started: Question #4: Notes: (to be filled out on review day) 4
5 Date Started: Question #5: Notes: (to be filled out on review day) Date Started: Question #6: Notes: (to be filled out on review day) Date Started: Question #7: Notes: (to be filled out on review day) Date Started: Question #8: Notes: (to be filled out on review day) Date Started: Question #9: Notes: (to be filled out on review day) 5
6 Day #1: Kinetic and Potential Energy Notes 6
7 Day #2: Different Types of Energy Notes 7
8 Day #3: Law of Conservation of Energy Notes 8
9 Day #4: Mechanical Energy Notes 9
10 Day #5: Conduction and Convection Notes 10
11 Day #6: Radiant Energy Notes 11
12 Kinetic vs. Potential Energy Lab 1. Rollercoaster: a. Draw the simple track that you will construct by gently bending the tubing. b. Label the point where the ball has the most potential energy c. Label the point where the ball is going the fastest. 2. Swinging Pendulum a. Draw a picture of your swinging pendulum. b. Label the point where the ball has the most potential energy. c. Label the point where the ball has the most kinetic energy. d. What would happen to the pendulum s potential energy if you used a heavier pendulum? 12
13 e. What would happen to the potential energy if you pushed it instead of letting it drop? 3. Rubber Band a. What kind of potential energy does the rubber band have when you stretch it? 4. Saltine Crackers a. What kind of potential Energy does the food have? b. How is it released? 13
14 Insert Energy Supplemental Pg. 5 Lab: Bouncing Balls (Page 1) 14
15 Insert Energy Supplemental Pg. 6 Lab: Bouncing Balls (Page 2) 15
16 Insert Energy Supplemental Pg. 4 Mini-LAB: Transforming Energy Using a Paper Clip 16
17 Insert Energy Supplemental Pg. 9 Laboratory Activity Lab 1 The Energy of a Pendulum (Page 1) 17
18 Insert Energy Supplemental Pg. 10 Laboratory Activity Lab 1 The Energy of a Pendulum (Page 2) 18
19 Insert Energy Supplemental Pg. 11 Laboratory Activity Lab 1 The Energy of a Pendulum (Page 3) 19
20 Insert Energy Supplemental Pg. 12 Laboratory Activity Lab 1 The Energy of a Pendulum (Page 4) 20
21 Conservation of Energy - Rollercoaster Simulation I Objectives: a) Analyze the physics of motion and energy involved in a rollercoaster design. II - Procedure: b) Apply basic formulas of Conservation of Energy and Projectile Motion to find the distance that an object will travel when coming off a vertical drop slide. a) Go the web site: Choose Energy Skate Simulation and press Run Now button. b) Modify the track configuration and place the skater at the top of the track as shown on the picture below. c) Put a check mark on the Potential Energy Reference box and position the GPE = 0 Reference Line at the bottom of the slide. At that height level, we assume gravitational positional energy to be zero. d) Put a check mark on the Measuring Tape box and measure the height of the ramp from the highest point to the GPE = 0 Reference Line. This is the h 1 height measurement. e) Position the measuring tape as shown on the picture and measure the height of the bottom of the slide in relation to the ground. This is the h 2 height measurement. f) Calculate the speed v 2 of the skater when he comes off of the bottom of the slide. g) Calculate the distance d that the skater will travel when he hits the ground. h) Position the measuring tape on the ground aligned with the bottom of the slide and open it to a length equal to the expected distance d. i) Run the simulation and verify the accuracy of your measurements and calculations. 21
22 III Formulas a) Speed at the bottom of the ramp: Energy Conservation Law: GPE 1 + KE 1 = GPE 2 + KE 2 (1) Since V 1 = 0 KE 1 = 0 and, since GPE 2 = 0 at the bottom of the slide, then equation (1) becomes GPE = 0 + KE 2 GPE 1 = KE 2 m g h 1 = ½ m (v 2 ) 2 b) Time of skater s free fall motion: h 2 = ½ g t 2 c) Skater s Travel Distance: IV Data Table: Height h 1 (m) V 2 (m/s) Height h 2 (m) Free Fall Time t (s) Distance d (m) 22
23 Name: Design Test Run Speed Potential Energy and Kinetic Energy Labels Final Test Missing 3 or more parts. Unsuccessful Test Run Missing 2 parts. Missing one part. Measures the average speed of the marble. No attempt made. Missing 3 or more parts. Does not complete final test. Makes it through 1 part. Measures and the average speed during 2 trials. Some errors. Poor attempt made. Missing 2 parts. Hypothesize the average speed; Take loops and hills out of track and complete 1 trial run. Makes it through 2 parts. Successfully measures the average speed during 3 trials. Attempt with errors. Missing one part. Successfully measures the average speed during 3 trials. 2 hills 1 loop total height at least 1.5 meters must end on ground level Successful Test Runmarble makes it from top to bottom staying on the track. Successfully measures the speed of the marble during 5 trials Calculates the average speed. Successfully measures and compares the potential and kinetic energy of the marble at the beginning and the end. Uses the following labels: greatest kinetic energy greatest potential energy acceleration due to change in direction acceleration due to change in speed Successfully measures the average speed during 5 trials. Calculate the average speed. 23
24 Mass of Marble: kg Length of Track: m Diagram of Your Final Rollercoaster Set-Up Draw a Diagram of Your Rollercoaster and label the following locations: greatest kinetic energy acceleration due to change in direction greatest potential energy acceleration due to change in speed Rollercoaster Trials Trial Distance (m) Time (s) Velocity Average: Starting Potential Energy Calculation: Ending Kinetic Energy Calculation: Hypothesis of Slalom Average Speed I believe it will go (slower / the same speed / faster ) down the slalom because... Slalom Trials (Starts at the rollercoaster s height and ends at ground level) Trial Distance (m) Time (s) Velocity Average: 24
25 Name: Neatness Participation Observations Conclusion Questions Match Lab Poor-2 Average-3 Good-4 Excellent-5 GR. Difficult to Messy but Neat and read due to readable. organized. being messy and/or *1= unorganized. Often seen not participating. Contains no observations. Contains poor and/or missing answers. Participating some of the time. Contains 1 observations. Some poor and/or missing answers Contains 2 observations. Answers most questions completely. Often seen participating. *1 Contains 3 observations and at least *4= one is original. Answers all questions completely. *4= Total Score: EQ-What type of heat is most effective in lighting a match using a flame? Directions: 1. Write a hypothesis based on the essential question. 2. Light a match using conduction, convection, and radiation. 3. Write down at least 3 observations, one should be original. 4. Answer the following questions. Questions: 1. What type of heat is most effective in lighting a match using a flame? 2. Draw a picture showing the best location to light the match without actually touching the flame. What type of heat is that? 3. Why are black specks moving in the pool of wax?(hint- is it convection, conduction, or radiation?) 4. Which of the following chemical equations best shows what happens as the candle burns? a. C 25 H 52 (s) + O 2 (g) CO 2 (g) + H 2 O(g) b. C 25 H 52 (l) + O 2 (g) CO 2 (g) + H 2 O(g) c. C 25 H 52 (g) + O 2 (g) CO 2 (g) + H 2 O(g) 5. How does the answer to #4 explain why flames move? 6. What type of chemical reaction is that? 25
26 Insert Thermal Energy Supplemental Pg. 5 LAB: Convection in Gases and Liquids (Page 1) 26
27 Insert Thermal Energy Supplemental Pg. 6 LAB: Convection in Gases and Liquids (Page 2) 27
28 Insert Energy Supplemental Pg. 17 Section 1 Reinforcement: The Nature of Energy 28
29 Insert Energy Supplemental Pg. 28 Section 2 Reinforcement: Conservation of Energy 29
30 Insert Thermal Energy Supplemental Pg. 28 Section 2 Reinforcement: Transferring Thermal Energy 30
31 Insert Energy Supplemental Pg. 35 Chapter Review: Energy (Page 1) 31
32 Insert Energy Supplemental Pg. 36 Chapter Review: Energy (Page 2) 32
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