Honor Physics Final Exam Review. What is the difference between series, parallel, and combination circuits?

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1 Name Period Date Honor Physics Final Exam Review Circuits You should be able to: Calculate the total (net) resistance of a circuit. Calculate current in individual resistors and the total circuit current. Calculate the voltage (drop) across resistors. Calculate the power dissipated by each resistor. Questions to Consider: What is the difference between series, parallel, and combination circuits? Which equations apply to calculate power, voltage, current, and resistance when resistors are wired in parallel OR series? Momentum You should be able to: Identify the physics principles involved in collisions. Questions to Consider: What physics principles explain how the egg drop project works? What is momentum and how is it related to impulse? Work, Power & Energy You should be able to: Calculate gravitational potential, elastic potential, and kinetic energy. Apply conservation of energy to calculate velocity, height, OR distance (that a spring compresses). Questions to Consider: What are the transformations of energy during a roller coaster ride? Which equations apply to calculate GPE, EPE, and KE? What is conservation of energy and how does it apply to a roller coaster ride? Projectile Motion You should be able to: Calculate the range a projectile travels. Understand how launch angle affects the range of a projectile. Calculate the total time a projectile is in the air. Questions to Consider: Which equations apply to a projectile launched at an angle? How do you calculate the total time a projectile is in the air? How does launch angle affect range? 1 P a g e

2 Simple Harmonic Motion You should be able to: Plot a graph of total energy as a function of position. Plot a graph of kinetic energy OR elastic potential energy as a function of position. Determine displacement given a graph of energy as a function of position. Calculate the spring constant, potential energy, and kinetic energy given a graph of energy as a function of position. Determine the location of a spring given a graph of energy as a function of position. Questions to Consider: What are the transformations of energy for an oscillating mass-spring system? What does conservation of energy tell us about the total energy of the mass-spring system? Where do the maximum and minimum values of elastic potential and kinetic energy occur during an oscillation of the mass-spring system? P a g e

3 Free Response 1 - Solve each problem, showing all work. Partial credit may be given. V IR Series Circuits Parallel Circuits V VT V1 V V3... VT V1 V V3... P IV I R R I T I1 I I 3... I T I1 I I 3... REq R1 R R R R R R EQ Three resistors are arranged in a circuit as shown above. The battery has an unknown but constant Voltage, V, and a negligible internal resistance. The current I in resistor R 3 is a. Determine the equivalent resistance of the three resistors. b. Determine the voltage of the battery. c. Determine the potential difference (voltage drop) across resistor R 3. d. Determine the potential difference (voltage drop) across resistor R 1. e. Determine the power dissipated in resistor R 1. f. Determine the current through resistor R. 3 P a g e

4 Free Response - Solve each problem, showing all work. Partial credit may be given. Use the circuit in the diagram to answer the following questions. a. What is the net resistance in the circuit? b. What is the current through the battery? c. What is the current through the 3 Ω resistor? d. What is the current through the 4 Ω resistor? e. What is the voltage drop across the Ω resistor? f. What is the power dissipation of the 3 Ω resistor? 4 P a g e

5 Free Response 3 - Solve each problem, showing all work. Partial credit may be given. T = t N = 1 f GPE = mgh KE = 1 mv Mass-Spring T = p m k Pendulum T l g f = N t = 1 T F spring = -kx EPE = 1 kx f = 1 p k m f 1 g l A 1.0 kg mass is attached to a horizontal spring which undergoes SHM. The graph of EPE as a function of position is shown. The total energy of the oscillating system is 0.8 J. a. Draw and label on the graph the total energy as a function of position. b. Draw and label on the graph the graph of kinetic energy as a function of position. c. What is the maximum displacement of the oscillating mass? d. What is the spring constant of the system? e. What is the potential energy at the position of 4 cm? f. What is the kinetic energy at the position of 4 cm? EPE g. Find the location of the oscillating mass when its potential energy is 0. J. h. What is the period of one oscillation? 5 P a g e

6 Free Response 4 - Solve each problem, showing all work. Partial credit may be given. A 0.5 kg mass is attached to a horizontal spring which undergoes SHM. The graph of EPE as a function of position is shown. The total energy of the oscillating system is 0.3 J. i. Draw and label on the graph the total energy as a function of position. j. Draw and label on the graph the graph of kinetic energy as a function of position. k. What is the maximum displacement of the oscillating mass? l. What is the spring constant of the system? m. What is the potential energy at the position of 0 cm? n. What is the kinetic energy at the position of 0 cm? o. Find the location of the oscillating mass when its potential energy is 0. J. 6 P a g e

7 Free Response 5 & 6 - Solve each problem, showing all work. Partial credit may be given. A roller coaster starts from rest at the top of a 90 m hill. How fast will it be going at the bottom of the hill, if there is no friction? A spring gun has a spring constant of 175 N/m. How fast will a 0.0 kg dart go if the spring is compressed m? 7 P a g e

8 Free Response 7 - Solve each problem, showing all work. Partial credit may be given. 1 KE mv Eo E f 1 GPE mgh EPE kx A roller coaster of mass 400 kg starts its ride from rest at point A. Point A is located at a height of 90 m above the lowest point on the track. The car rolls down the incline and follows the track around a loop of radius 30 m. Ignore friction force. a. What is the gravitational potential energy of the car at point A? b. Calculate the speed of the car at point C. c. Calculate the speed of the car at point B. 8 P a g e

9 Free Response 8 - Solve each problem, showing all work. Partial credit may be given. A track consists of an arc and a straight horizontal path. A kg block is released from rest at point A. At point B it has a velocity of 5 m/s. Then it collides and sticks to an identical block at rest and they slide into and compress a spring with a spring constant of 00 N/m. Ignore friction between the block and the track surface. a. What is the vertical distance (height) between point A and point B? b. If the velocity of the blocks after the collision is /5 m/s determine how far do the blocks compress the spring before coming to a momentary stop? 9 P a g e

10 Free Response 9 The rifles in the figures are being fired horizontally (straight outward, off platforms). The bullets fired from the rifles are all identical, but the rifles propel the bullets at different speeds. The speed of each bullet and the height of each platform are given. All of the bullets miss the targets and hit the ground. 10 P a g e

11 Free Response 10 Cannonballs of different masses are shot from cannons at various angles above the horizontal. The velocity of each cannonball as it leaves the cannon is given, along with the horizontal component of that velocity, which is the same. 11 P a g e

12 Free Response 11 Cannonballs with different masses are shot from cannons at various angles above the horizontal. The velocity of each cannonball as it leaves the cannon is given, along with the same vertical component of that velocity. 1 P a g e