Laser and Gamma beam systems at the ELI-Nuclear Physics Project -Over View of ELI-NP-

Transcription

1 Laser and Gamma beam systems at the ELI-Nuclear Physics Project -Over View of ELI-NP- Kazuo A Tanaka Scientific Director ELI-NP, 30 Reatorului, PO Box MG6, Magurele Ilfov, Romania ELISS 2017 Cheile Gradistei, Romania

2 Extreme Light Infrastructure: Nuclear Physics at Bucharest Romania 2

3 Outline of Today s Lecture Introduction Team Structure High Power Laser System Gamma Beam System Proposed Experiments Join us at ELI-NP Nuclear Photonics 2018 Summary 3

4 Extreme Light Infrastructure: ELI? - Three laser labos are being constructed with 300 MEuro each. - Those are planned in Romania, Czeco, and Hungary. - Each has its own characteritics. Hungary/ELI-ALPS Romania/ELI-NP Czech/ELI-Beamlines 4

5 We are located in Bucharest. We are moving in. Laser and Gamma beam systems are being installed now.

6 Introduction Laser System with Highest Focused Intensity The wavelength, pulse width, energy, and beam diameter are 820 nm, 25 fsec, 250 J, and 50 cm. Focused laser intensity may reach W/cm 2. The laser light will accelerate electrons up to the speed of light. Gamma Beam System with Highest Photon Number The Gamma Beam photon energy is 19.5 MeV with 2 psec pulse width. The number of photons may reach 10 9 photons/sec. The gamma light will interact directly with nuclei for excitation and fission. 6

7 Laser system can be operated as stand alone or combined with Gamma beam system. Experiments under extreme conditions, so far not possible, can be conducted. For example, we will perform Electron acceleration more than 10 GeV Nuclear fission and fusion Head-on collision of the laser and relativistic electron beam Then these experiments will clarify History of the Universe Important Issues on nonlinear QED Isotope production for medical use These achievements may lead to the Nobel prize and/or realistic outcomes for our society. 7

8 Bird s View of Building 8

9 ELI NP Building A A accelerator bays E2 E1 E6 A laser rooms basement anti vibration mounts Platform supported on dampers Anti vibration platform A ±1 < 10 Hz

10 Team Structure General Director of IFIN/HH & Project Director Prof Dr Nicolai Victor Zamfir (US-Romania) Scientific Director Prof Dr Kazuo A Tanaka (Japan) Technical Director Dr Dan Gabriel Ghita (Rom) RA1 Laser Group RA2 Gamma Beam Grp. RA3 Laser plasma nuclear physics Grp. RA4 Gamma Beam nuclear Physics Grp. RA5 Combined Laser and Gamma Beam Grp. Dr Daniel Ursescu (Romania) Dr Calin Ur (Italy-Rom) Dr Dan Stutman (US-Rom) Dr Dimiter Balabanski (Bulgaria) Dr Ovidiu Tesileanu (Rom) Currently 150 members (20 Senior Sci., 60 Junior Sci. Rest Eng.) Will boost up to 300 members. 10

11 High Power Laser System Dana Strickland the University of Waterloo in Ontario, Canada Gerard Mourou IZEST France

12 Intensity could reach W/cm 2 は W/cm 2 12

13 Thales has started implementation. 2 x 0.1 PW 10Hz 2 x 1 PW 1 Hz 2 x 10 PW 0.1 Hz Hybrid double CPA configuration CPA 1 for beam stability XPW for contrast and spectrum enhancement OPCPA for contrast enhancement New high energy pump laser CPA 2 for energy and energy stability Highest Intensity Laser System Large Clean Room

14 Laser system sits in a 70 x 70 m 2 clean room. 14

15 High Power Laser System min max unit Energy/pulse J Central wavelength nm Spectral bandwidth (FWHM) nm Spectral bandwidth (at nearly zero level nm of intensity) Pulse duration (FWHM) fs FWHM beam diameter/full aperture 450/550 mm beam diameter Repetition rate 1 pulse /min Strehl ratio Pointing stability 2 5 µrad Beam height to the floor mm

16 Each component has been tested on time

17 Thales at Elancourt France has reported the performance. Simulation and Results Simulation result: 16mJ 77nm FWHM Experimental result: 11,6mJ (< 1,6% rms over 500 shots) 67nm FWHM

18 We expect to have contrast ratio. Foreseen E -40ps:-0.4ps = 30mJ

19 Couple of technical issues have been solved. Stable ps OPCPA demonstrated 12/16 Pump lasers 527nm tested 20cm useful aperture Ti:Sa crystal available First large diffractive grating for 10PW compressor produced

20 High repetition shooting? Automatic target alignment is planned Laser shot cycle 1 mint.-10 Hz 1.Optimize the focus using the off-axis parabola 2.Insert the first target frame using the target insertion system 3.Align roughly the frame in focus 4.Align finely the frame in focus 5.Move the frame to the first target

21 Back reflection? Plasma mirror is tested for optics protection. Silver coated glass slab 50mm away from target Target PM Microscope Typically the peak intensity is set at W/cm 2 (wi 21

22 New 10 PW LBTS design QED FMR1 F4 FMR2 FMR3 LBDS crane FMB1 DM FMB2 PM NP F3 1 PW/1 Hz beamline PME6 FMR4 FMB3 GAMMA

23 Gamma Beam System RF Wave Guide 23

24 Gamma Beam System Components

25 Components of Gamma Beam System 1) Warm electron RF Linac (innovative techniques) multi bunch photogun (32 e microbunches of 250 Hz RF) 2 x S band (22 MV/m) and 12 x C band (33 MV/m) acc. structures low emittance mm mrad two acceleration stages (300 MeV and 720 MeV) 2) High average power, high quality J class 100 Hz ps Collision Laser state of the art cryo cooled Yb:YAG (200 mj, 2.3 ev, 3.5 ps) two lasers (one for low Eg and both for high Eg) 3) Laser circulation with mm and mrad and sub ps alignment/synchronization complex opto/mechanical system two interaction points: Eg < 3.5 MeV & Eg < 19.5 MeV 4) Gamma beam collimation system complex array of dual slits relative bandwidths < 5 x ) Gamma beam diagnostic system beam optimization and characterization: energy, intensity, profile

26 GBS Specification

27 Commissioning Phase in We will focus on the characterization of each machines: 10PW laser and 19 MeV Gamma beam systems. 10 PW Laser System Laser intensity: W/cm 2 Electron acceleration > GeV Proton acceleration > 200 MeV Gamma Beam System Gamma photon energy calibration-nuclear excitation 3 or 19.5 MeV Polarization > 95%

28 Day 1 Experiments with 10 PW Radiation Reaction: Classical to QED Photo Nuclear Reaction Ion Stopping & Excitation in Plasmas Fission Fusion Mechanism: r process 232 Th Dark Matter Physics Vacuum Birefringence Photo-excitation of isomers Etc.

29 New Horizons Fission-fusion Dark matter Radiation effect Nuclear Resonance Gamma Imaging Material Science Medical Isotopes Astrophysics Astrophysics Biology Nuclear Physics Nuclear Security Fusion Reactor Eng. Cancer Therapy

30 Proton >200 MeV is possible. Predicted proton energy for LP and CP I=10 22 W/cm2, 0.2 µm CH 2 target (Psikal et al J Phys Conf 2016)

31 Commissioning experiment: Demonstration of extreme laser intensity through efficient laser-g conversion Laser-g conversion efficiency (%) ELI-NP 3ω probe beam Energy resolved CsI array Plasma mirror Passive/activation diagnostics Target Baffle Bremsstrahlung Focal intensity (10 22 W/cm 2 ) Capdessus et al RRP PW 1 m Tens of % gamma conversion efficiency in µm-thick plastic or dense gas targets GeV dense ion bunch acceleration using same setup with thinner targets Plasma mirror + baffle for protection against laser back-reflection, debris We consider also membrane protection for the parabola

32 CERN has decided to adopt laser acceleration for next step. SPring-8, Japan 8GeV 500m BELLA (laser), USA, 4GeV Google map 9cm!! Compact and efficient 32

33 A Pukhov Heinrich Heine Univ., Germany

34 A Pukhov Heinrich Heine Univ., Germany

35 Si nano rod target at Osaka U. Nano structure is place on a plane plastic for intense laser irradiation. Nano structure blow up view H Habara, Dept. EEI, Osaka Univ.

36 Astrophysical r process: waiting point N=126 -P. Thirolf (LMU)- r process: - path for heavy nuclei far in terra incognita - astrophysical site(s) still unknown: - waiting point N=126: bottleneck for nucleosynthesis of actinides - last region of r process close to stability

37 Radiation Reaction Investigation of the running coupling between an electron & radiation e q( ) e High Field classical Solving dynamics Radiation formula: dw dw q( ) dt dt Eelectron I High-intensity classical (Laser intensity dependence) Charge at its average point average point By Keita Seto (ELI-NP/IFIN-HH) K. Seto, PTEP 2015, 103A01 (2015). K. Homma, et. al, Rom. Rep. Phys. 68 Supp., S233 (2016). - K. Seto, arxiv: v4 (2016) [under upgrading].

38 We may expect to see the drastic down shift in Electron spectrum. G Sarri, Queens Univ. Belfast, UK.

39 Nonlinear QED may be confirmed. Electron Vacuum perturbation Laser Light Gamma Radiation Led by Dr Keita Seto Pair Production 39

40

41 Li problem : cosmological & theoretical BBN predicts the abundances of light elements 4 He, D, 3 He and 7 Li good agreement between calculated and observed abundances for all light nuclei except for 7 Li factor of 3-4 discrepancy between the calculated and the observed abundance of 7 Li. Li-7 made by the mirror alpha capture reactions 3 He(α,γ) 7 Be and 3 H(α,γ) 7 Li theoretical models could provide the capture cross section at lower energies where experiments are not possible good agreement with measurements of 3 He(α,γ) 7 Be no agreement with measurements of Brune et al for 3 H(α,γ) 7 Li from Neff et al, PRL 106, (2011)

42 7Li(γ,t)α w/ SIDAR at HIgS, March-April 2017 addressing the Li-problem and theoretical aspects using SIDAR array from ORNL two lamp-shades of YY1 detectors: 300, 500, 1000 μm clean alpha-triton coincidence proposed by ELI-NP together w/: ORNL, Rutgers U, INFN-LNS, York U, Aarhus U, U Michigan tritons tritons alphas

43 ELISSA ELI Silicon Strip Array silicon array would make it possible to measure reactions on solid targets good energy resolution, almost 100% efficiency, small thresholds successfully designed and applied to nuclear astrophysics, e.g. ORRUBA array developed in collaboration with INFN-LNS, Catania 3 rings of 12 position sensitive X3 silicon-strip detectors (1000 μm) by Micron 2 end cap detectors from 4 QQQ3 segmented detectors by Micron (300 μm) 512 channels readout with standard DAQ or GET electronics

44 Experiments with high-brilliance gamma beams at ELI-NP S. Gales et al., Phys. Scr. 91, (2016) g separation threshold n, p, α, ff g.s. (Z, N) (Z, N ) photoactivation (Z ±1, N 1) ± Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence (NRF) Rom. Rep. Phys. 68, S483 (2016) Giant/Pigmy Resonances (GANT) Rom. Rep. Phys. 68, S539 (2016) Photodisintegration (γ,n), (γ,p), (γ,α) Rom. Rep. Phys. 68, S699 (2016) Photofission (γ,ff) Rom. Rep. Phys. 68, S621 (2016) Applications Rom. Rep. Phys. 68, S735 (2016), ibid 68, S799 (2016), ibid 68, S847 (2016)

45 Diagnostics being developed ELIADE array: 8 segmented HPGe Clover detectors with anti-compton shields + 4 LaBr3 detectors Gamma above neutron threshold CsI array for angle resolved calorimetry

46 Recent News on Phys. Rev. Lett. Drs J Koga and T Hayakawa, KPSI-QST submitted a work on Delbrück scattering to Phys. Rev. Lett. this year. PRL editor has accepted this work right away without bringing to the referees. Possible Precise Measurement of Delbrück Scattering Using Polarized Photon Beams James K. Koga and Takehito Hayakawa Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, Published 17 May 2017 AIP Inside Science 46

47 Delbrück Scattering Scattering of a photon by Coulomb field of nucleus L. Meitner, H. Ko sters (and M. Delbrück),Z.Phys. 84 (1933) 137 Virtual electron-positron pairs Lowest order theoretically calculated Experimentally measured e+ e- J Koga KPSI, QST Japan

48 Delbrück scattering has been proposed. Phys Rev Lett accepted this paper As the editor s choice. They assumed ELI-NP GBS for 76 days. Drs J Koga and T Hayakawa QST Japan Rayleigh (R) + nuclear Thomson (T) scattering +Giant Dipole Resonance (GDR)

49 ELI-NP attracts constant attention from the world Francoir Holland French President Sept Nobuo Kishi State Minister of Foreign Affairs Japan July

50 ost Doc, Junior and Senior Scientists are welcome to apply. 50

51 If interested, don t hesitate to contact us. 51

52 Team Structure General Director of IFIN/HH & Project Director Prof Dr Nicolai Victor Zamfir (US-Romania) Scientific Director Prof Dr Kazuo A Tanaka (Japan) Technical Director Dr Dan Gabriel Ghita (Rom) RA1 Laser Group RA2 Gamma Beam Grp. RA3 Laser plasma nuclear physics Grp. RA4 Gamma Beam nuclear Physics Grp. RA5 Combined Laser and Gamma Beam Grp. Dr Daniel Ursescu (Romania) Dr Calin Ur (Italy-Rom) Dr Dan Stutman (US-Rom) Dr Dimiter Balabanski (Bulgaria) Dr Ovidiu Tesileanu (Rom) Currently 150 members (20 Senior Sci., 60 Junior Sci. Rest Eng.) Will boost up to 300 members. 52

53 Summary ELI-NP is under active implementation. 10 PW laser beam will be available in June MeV and 19.5 MeV gamma beams in June Fission-fusion, Non linear QED, Dark Matter Physics, and Applications to Bio and Medical fields are to be tested. This experimental platforms can offer excellent opportunities to young scientists to test their original ideas. 53

54 Nuclear Photonics 2018 in Brasov, Romania June 24-29,

55 Thank You Very Much for Your Listenng II 55