Development of Non2Azide Gas Generant Formulation

Transcription

1 1, (1, ) (2, ),,,,, Development of Non2Azide Gas Generant Formulation Chai Yup ing 1, 2 Zhang Tonglai 1 Yao Jun 2 (1State Key Laboratory of Exp losion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing100081) (2Hubei Institute of Aerospace Chemotechnology, Xiangfan441003) AbstractThe development of non2azide gas generant is introduced. The characteristics of non2azide composi2 tions including high nitrogen compounds such as tetrazoles, guanidine, imp roved therm ites, oxidants, binders and p rocess assistants are discussed. B ecause of their advantages such as adjustable burning rate, nontoxicity and high gas yield, non2azide gas generant to rep lace azide gas generant w ill put into use w idely. Key wordsgas generant, Gas generator, Non2Azide composition 1, (), : (1), , ; (2),,, ; (3)(230 mm / s),,, 27 mm / s, 30 mm / s NaN 3,,,,,,,, NaN 3,, NaN 3,,, 20 90,,,, : :, 1965,, 11

2 : HTK; 5AT5 ; NaHAT5 ; TCA1 5 ; K 2 BHT; (MA ) 2 BHT; (NH 3 ) 2 BHT; (AGAD ) 2 BHT; ZTNa ; GZT; AP; BHT ;,, [ 1 ], 1 1 Tab. 1Properties of r ise in deflagra tion of tetrazole2ox idan t com position s NO x ; TAGN; NTO; K5AT5 ; EDTA, 5AT,, 3 25ATAP NaNO 3 Tab. 25AT formulation and properties with AP and NaNO 3 /% ( ) r 5AT AP NaNO 3 Fe 2 O 3 V 2 O 5 /mm s 1 /K /% ( ) P max /MPa ( dp /dt) max /MPa s 1 AS 82 1) HTK(47. 1) KNO 3 (52. 9) AT() KNO 3 (62. 5) NaHAT(43. 1) KNO 3 (56. 9) TCA (56. 6) KNO 3 (53. 4) K 2 BHT(51. 5) KNO 3 (48. 5) (MA) 2 BHT(26. 1) KNO 3 (73. 9) (NH 3 ) 2 BHT(34. 7) KNO 3 (65. 3) (AGAD) 2 BHT(32. 1) KNO 3 (67. 9) ZTNa (51. 0) KNO 3 (49. 0) GZT(34. 0) KNO 3 (66. 0) : 1) ATSr( NO 3 ) 2 Tab. 35AT form ula tion and properties w ith Sr( NO 3 ) 2 /% ( ) 5AT NaNO 3 Sr(NO 3 ) 2 Al 2 O 3 MoS 2 r/mm s MPa MPa AT, AP [ 2 ],,, MPa, 2 AP,,,, Sr(NO 3 ) 2, 5AT [ 3 ],,5AT, 5AT, 12 BHT,,, K 2 BHT,, S MoS 2 CrCl 3 FeF 3, NO x, CO,,, 80%, 4 4,,,

3 4K 2 BHT Tab. 4K 2 BHT form ula tion s and properties /% ( ) K 2 BHT Ca 3 ( PO 4 ) 2 r /mm s 1 /MPa /kn /10 4 % HCN NH 3 KMnO KClO MnO [ 4 ] 5 [ 5 ] 5 [ 6 ] CO 5 5AT,,,,, [ 7 ] 2. 2,,, 5 [ 8 ],,,,, [ 9 ],, N 2, [ 10 ],,,, CONO, 5 Tab. 5Ga s generan t com position and properties %( ) TAGN KNO 3 Fe 2 O 3 SiO [ 1113 ],,( PSAN ) 6%, mm / s [ 1415 ] NO x, CO [ 16 ] K5AT Cr 2 O 3 MnO 2 Fe 2 O 3 Fe 3 O 4 CuO 2 O [ 1719 ] Cu (NH 3 ) (NO 3 ) 2, NO x,, SiO [ 20 ], 40% 60%,, 40% 60%, %MoS 2, mm / s, 13

4 10% 60%,,0 10%, [ 21 ],,5 ( K5AT),, mm / s,,,,,, NO x, RDX HMX C 20 [ 22 ] [ 23 ],, 2. 4 CO NO x, TH IOKOL [ 24 ],Fe B Mn Mg A l W Zn N i, : A l 3 Mg 2 A l 38 Si 5 MgZn, BH 3 TiH 2 KBH 4 ZrH 2,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,, 14,, ( CO NO x ) CuO [ 27 ], MnO 2 CuO,, /5AT, ZrO 2 TiO 2 SiO 2 A l 2 O 3 (0. 2% 2. 0% ),CO, NO x 3. 2,,,, CO NO x Ba Mg Sr, B 2 O 3 V 2 O 5,,, 3. 3, EDTA [ 25 ] [ 26 ], 4 6,,,

5 6 Tab. 6Character istics of non2az ide ga s generan t com position : 5 5 NTO : C Fe B Mn Mg A l W Zn N i,a l 3 Mg 2 AL 38 Si 5 MgZn, BH 3 TiH 2 KBH 4 ZrH 2, RDX HMX : Cr 2 O 3 MnO 2 Fe 2 O 3 Fe 3 O 4 CuO 2 O : : : K 3 Co (NO 2 ) 6 B 2 O 3 V 2 O 5 :, B 2 O 3 V 2 O 5 : Ba Mg Sr N 2 EDTA K5AT 1J ian Zhou W u. Study on new gas2generating agents ( I, II)., 1994; 55 (3) : Poole D R. Composition and p rocess for inflating a safety crash bag. USP , Poole D R. Azide2free gas generant composition with eas2 ily filterable combustion p roducts. USP , H ighsm ith T K. B itetrazoleam ine gas generant composi2 tions and methods of use. WO 95 /04015, H ighsm ith T K. Gas generant compositions based on salts of 52nitram inotetrazole. WO 95 /18765, , Mendenhall I V. Gas generants containing a transition metal comp lex of ethylenediam ine 5, 5 2bitetrazole. USP , Siegfried Zeuner. Azide2free gas2p roducing composition. USP , Scheffee R S. Gas generator composition. WO 98 / 99927, Mendenhall I V. H igh gas yield generant composition. USP , CN A, Siegfried Zerner. Particle2free, Gas2p roducing m ixture. USP , Poole D R. Low residue azide2free gas generant compo2 sition. WO , Mendenhall I V. Guanylurea nitrate in gas generation. USP , Mendenhall I V. Gas generation via metal comp lexes of guanylurea nitrate. USP , Siegfried Zeuner. Azide2free gas p roducing composi2 tion. USP , Mendenhall IV. Gas generation with reduced NOx for2 mation. USP , Mendenhall I V. Gas generant manufacture. USP , Taylor R D. Burn rate2enhanced high gas yield non2az2 ide gas generants. USP , W ardle R B. Gas generant compostions containing salts of 5 nitrobarbituric acid, salts of nitroorotic acid, or 5 nitrou2 racil. USP , Poole D R. Azide2free gas generant compositions and p rocess. WO 95 /00462, Lundstrom N H. Gas generative compositions. USP , CN A, M itson S C. Processing aids for gas generants. E. P. Ap2 p l , Mendenhall I V. Gas generant compositions containing stabilizer. USP , , Taylor R D. Gas generant composition. USP , ( ) 15