Redox Reactions. Sections 4.9, RW Session ID = MSTCHEM1
|
|
- Diana Parker
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Redox Reactions Sections 4.9, 18.2 RW Session ID = MSTCHEM1
2 Oxidation Reduction Reactions Redox Reactions Electrons are transferred from one reactant to another Oxidation loss of electrons Reduction gain of electrons OIL RIG LEO GER Oxidation is Is Loss of electrons Reduction Is Gain of electrons Loss of Electrons is Oxidation Gain of Electrons is Reduction
3 Rules for Assigning Oxidation States Free element (neutral and not bonded to another element) 0 Monoatomic ion charge In compounds, metals have positive oxidation states: Group 1A metals +1 Group 2A metals +2 In compounds: Fluorine 1 Hydrogen +1 (when bonded to nonmetals) or 1 (when bonded to metals) Oxygen 2 (except w/fluorine or bonded to itself) The sum of the oxidation states: Neutral molecule 0 Polyatomic ion charge Ionic compounds can be broken into the corresponding ions and treated separately These rules give you a starting place for assigning oxidation states. You should start at the top and work your way down. All other oxidation states can be determined by knowing that the sum of oxidation states equals the charge on the substance.
4 Oxidation States K Ca O 2 Cl 2 P K + Ca 2+ O 2 Clˉ P Hg 2+ Hg 2+ 2 NO 2ˉ SO 2 4 Cr 2 O 2 7
5 Oxidation States LiBr CaS CuO Cu 2 O Mg 3 N BaSO 4 Na 3 PO 3 Fe(OH) 2 Sn(BrO 2 ) NO NO 2 BrF 3 P 2 H 4 S 2 O
6 Redox Reactions Oxidation and Reduction Loss of electrons and gain of electrons Change in oxidation states from reactant to product Oxidizing agent (oxidant, oxidizer) A substance that causes the oxidation of another substance. gains electrons, is reduced Reducing agent (reductant, reducer) A substance that causes the reduction of another substance loses electrons, is oxidized
7 Determine whether each of the following reactions are redox reactions. If so, identify the oxidant and reductant Al 3+ (aq) + Cu + (aq) Al(s) + Cu 2+ (aq) reduction oxidation Cu + reductant Al 3+ oxidant HCl(aq) + Ca(OH) 2 (aq) CaCl 2 (aq) + H 2 O(l) not a redox reaction
8 Determine whether each of the following reactions are redox reactions. If so, identify the oxidant and reductant Ca(s) + O 2 (g) CaO(s) oxidation reduction Ca reductant O 2 oxidant NaCl(aq) + AgNO 3 (aq) NaNO 3 (aq) + AgCl(s) not a redox reaction
9 Determine whether each of the following reactions are redox reactions. If so, identify the oxidant and reductant NaCl(aq) + F 2 (g) NaF(aq) + Cl 2 (g) oxidation reduction NaCl reductant F 2 oxidant C 3 H 6 (l) + O 2 (g) CO 2 (g) + H 2 O(g) oxidation reduction C 3 H 6 reductant O 2 oxidant
10 Determine whether each of the following reactions are redox reactions. If so, identify the oxidant and reductant Fe 2+ (aq) + Cr 2 O 7 2 (aq) Fe 3+ (aq) + Cr 3+ (aq) oxidation reduction Fe 2+ reductant Cr 2 O 7 2 oxidant NH 3 (aq) + HCl(aq) NH 4 Cl(aq) not a redox reaction
11 Half Reaction Method of Balancing Redox Reactions Assign oxidation states to all atoms Separate reaction into oxidation and reduction half reactions Balance each half reaction by mass Balance elements other than oxygen and hydrogen Balance oxygen with water Balance hydrogen with hydrogen ion Balance each half reaction by charge using electrons Section 18.2 Balancing Oxidation Reduction Equations Multiply each reaction by a factor to make electrons lost and gained equal Add the two reactions together and cancel out electrons and any other species necessary For basic solution add hydroxide ion to each side (enough to fully react with hydrogen ion and form water)
12 Al 3+ (aq) + Cu + (aq) Al(s) + Cu 2+ (aq) Oxidation Half reaction Cu + (aq) Cu 2+ (aq) Cu + (aq) Cu 2+ (aq) + 1 eˉ [ Cu + (aq) Cu 2+ (aq) + 1 eˉ ] x 3 Reduction Half reaction Al 3+ (aq) Al(s) Al 3+ (aq) + 3 eˉ Al(s) Complete balanced reaction Al 3+ (aq) + 3 Cu + (aq) Al(s) + 3 Cu 2+ (aq)
13 Fe 2+ (aq) + Cr 2 O 7 2 (aq) Fe 3+ (aq) + Cr 3+ (aq) Oxidation Half reaction Fe 2+ (aq) Fe 3+ (aq) Fe 2+ (aq) Fe 3+ (aq) + 1 eˉ [ Fe 2+ (aq) Fe 3+ (aq) + 1 eˉ ] x 6 Reduction Half reaction Cr 2 O 7 2 (aq) 2 Cr 3+ (aq) Cr 2 O 7 2 (aq) 2 Cr 3+ (aq) + 7 H 2 O(l) Cr 2 O 7 2 (aq) + 14 H + (aq) 2 Cr 3+ (aq) + 7 H 2 O(l) Cr 2 O 7 2 (aq) + 14 H + (aq) + 6 eˉ 2 Cr 3+ (aq) + 7 H 2 O(l) Complete balanced reaction (in acidic solution) 6 Fe 2+ (aq) + Cr 2 O 7 2 (aq) + 14 H + (aq) 6 Fe 3+ (aq) + 2 Cr 3+ (aq) + 7 H 2 O(l)
14 Fe 2+ (aq) + Cr 2 O 7 2 (aq) Fe 3+ (aq) + Cr 3+ (aq) Complete balanced reaction (in acidic solution) 6 Fe 2+ (aq) + Cr 2 O 7 2 (aq) + 14 H + (aq) 6 Fe 3+ (aq) + 2 Cr 3+ (aq) + 7 H 2 O(l) Complete balanced reaction (in basic solution) 6 Fe 2+ (aq) + Cr 2 O 7 2 (aq) + 14 H + (aq) + 14 OHˉ(aq) 6 Fe 3+ (aq) + 2 Cr 3+ (aq) + 7 H 2 O(l) + 14 OHˉ(aq) 6 Fe 2+ (aq) + Cr 2 O 7 2 (aq) + 14 H 2 O(l) 6 Fe 3+ (aq) + 2 Cr 3+ (aq) + 7 H 2 O(l) + 14 OHˉ(aq) 6 Fe 2+ (aq) + Cr 2 O 7 2 (aq) + 7 H 2 O(l) 6 Fe 3+ (aq) + 2 Cr 3+ (aq) + 14 OHˉ(aq)
15 MnO 4 (aq) + Bi 3+ (aq) Mn 2+ (aq) + BiO 3 (aq) Oxidation Half reaction Bi 3+ (aq) BiO 3 (aq) 3 H 2 O(l) + Bi 3+ (aq) BiO 3 (aq) + 6 H + (aq) + 2 eˉ [ 3 H 2 O(l) + Bi 3+ (aq) BiO 3 (aq) + 6 H + (aq) + 2 eˉ ] x 5 Reduction Half reaction MnO 4 (aq) Mn 2+ (aq) MnO 4 (aq) Mn 2+ (aq) + 4 H 2 O(l) MnO 4 (aq) + 8 H + (aq) Mn 2+ (aq) + 4 H 2 O(l) [ MnO 4 (aq) + 8 H + (aq) + 5 eˉ Mn 2+ (aq) + 4 H 2 O(l) ] x 2 Complete balanced reaction Acidic: 5 Bi 3+ (aq) + 2 MnO 4 (aq) + 7 H 2 O(l) 5 BiO 3 (aq) + 2 Mn 2+ (aq) + 14 H + (aq) + 14 OH (aq) + 14 OH (aq) + 14 H 2 O(l) Basic: 5 Bi 3+ (aq) + 2 MnO 4 (aq) + 14 OH (aq) 5 BiO 3 (aq) + 2 Mn 2+ (aq) + 7 H 2 O(l)
Oxidation I Lose electrons. Reduction I Gain electrons
Oxidation-Reduction (Redox) Reactions In oxidation-reduction (abbreviated as redox ) reactions, electrons are transferred from one reactant to another. Oxidation I Lose electrons Reduction I Gain electrons
More informationUnit 5 Part 2: Redox Reactions and Electrochemistry
Unit 5 Part 2: Redox Reactions and Electrochemistry Oxidation Numbers Oxidizing and Reducing Agents Balancing Redox Reactions Acidic solutions Basic solutions Galvanic Cells Nernst Equation This reaction
More informationREDOX REACTIONS. Chapters 4, 19.1 & 19.2 M. Shozi CHEM110 / 2014
REDOX REACTIONS Chapters 4, 19.1 & 19.2 M. Shozi CHEM110 / 2014 REDOX REACTIONS Reactions involve the transfer of electrons between reactants When a substance loses electrons, it undergoes oxidation: Ca(s)
More informationActivity Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
Activity 201 3 Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Reactions Directions: This GLA worksheet goes over the half-reaction method of balancing oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions. Part A introduces the oxidation
More informationCh. 20 Oxidation-Reduction Reactions. AKA Redox Reactions
Ch. 20 Oxidation-Reduction Reactions AKA Redox Reactions 20.1 THE MEANING OF OXIDATION AND REDUCTION Early Chemistry Oxidation: a substance gains oxygen Reduction: a substance loses oxygen Nothing can
More informationOxidation-Reduction Reactions
Oxidation-Reduction Reactions Chapter 4 Section 9 & 10 Oxidation Reduction Reactions Reactions in which one or more electrons are transferred. That means elements change their charge from reactants to
More informationChapter 4 Reactions in Aqueous Solution
Chapter 4 Reactions in Aqueous Solution Homework Chapter 4 11, 15, 21, 23, 27, 29, 35, 41, 45, 47, 51, 55, 57, 61, 63, 73, 75, 81, 85 1 2 Chapter Objectives Solution To understand the nature of ionic substances
More informationChapter 4 Electrolytes Acid-Base (Neutralization) Oxidation-Reduction (Redox) Reactions. Dr. Sapna Gupta
Chapter 4 Electrolytes Acid-Base (Neutralization) Oxidation-Reduction (Redox) Reactions Dr. Sapna Gupta Types of Reactions Two classifications: one how atoms are rearrangement and the other is chemical
More informationChapter 4. Properties of Aqueous Solutions. Electrolytes in Aqueous Solutions. Strong, weak, or nonelectrolyte. Electrolytic Properties
Chapter 4 Reactions in Aqueous Solution Observing and Predicting Reactions How do we know whether a reaction occurs? What observations indicate a reaction has occurred? In your groups, make a list of changes
More informationChapter 19: Electrochemistry I. Chem 102 Dr. Eloranta
Chapter 19: Electrochemistry I Chem 102 Dr. Eloranta 2 Electrochemistry The study of the relationships between electrical processes and chemical processes Batteries, electroplating, fuel cells, hydrogen
More informationOxidation and Reduction in Photochromism. Oxidation and Reduction. Examples of Oxidized and Reduced Substances. Electron Loss and Gain.
Chapter 15 Lecture Chapter 15 15.1 Oxidation Reduction Reactions Oxidation and Reduction Fifth Edition Oxidation and Reduction An oxidation-reduction reaction provides us with energy from food provides
More informationA closer look at a selected reaction: Mg + CuSO4 MgSO4 + Cu Charges of Metal Reactants Charges of Metal Products # of Electrons Lost/Gained Mg: 0
AP Chemistry Ms. Ye Name Date Block A closer look at a selected reaction: Mg + CuSO4 MgSO4 + Cu Charges of Metal Reactants Charges of Metal Products # of Electrons Lost/Gained Mg: 0 Mg: +2 Mg: Cu: +2 Cu:
More informationNH + Chemistry 6A F2007. Dr. J.A. Mack 10/19/07. Draw and describe the following molecule: (2) = 16 electrons needed
Chemistry 6A F007 Dr. J.A. Mack 10/19/07 10/19/07 Dr. Mack. CSUS 1 Draw and describe the following molecule: 8 + 4() = 16 electrons needed 5 + 4(1) 1 = 8 electrons needed 16 8 = 8 electrons shared N must
More informationChap. 4 AQUEOUS RXNS. O H δ+ 4.1 WATER AS A SOLVENT 4.2 AQUEOUS IONIC REACTIONS. Page 4-1. NaOH(aq) + HCl(g) NaCl(aq) +H 2 O
Chap. AQUEOUS RXNS.1 WATER AS A SOLVENT Describe solution composition in terms of molarity Describe strong and weak electrolyte solutions, including acids and bases Use ionic equations to describe neutralization
More information1.7 REDOX. Convert these to ionic and half equations and you can see clearly how the electrons are transferred:
1.7 REDOX Oxidation and Reduction: Oxidation and reduction reactions can be identified by looking at the reaction in terms of electron transfer: Our understanding of oxidation and reduction was limited
More informationUnit 4: Reactions and Stoichiometry
Unit 4: Reactions and Stoichiometry Reactions Chemical equation Expression representing a chemical reaction Formulas of reactants on the left side Formulas of products on the right side Arrow(s) connect(s)
More informationChapter 4 Suggested end-of-chapter problems with solutions
Chapter 4 Suggested end-of-chapter problems with solutions a. 5.6 g NaHCO 1 mol NaHCO 84.01 g NaHCO = 6.69 10 mol NaHCO M = 6.69 10 mol 50.0 m 1000 m = 0.677 M NaHCO b. 0.1846 g K Cr O 7 1 mol K 94.0 g
More informationChapter 4 Electrolytes and Aqueous Reactions. Dr. Sapna Gupta
Chapter 4 Electrolytes and Aqueous Reactions Dr. Sapna Gupta Aqueous Solutions Solution - a homogeneous mixture of solute + solvent Solute: the component that is dissolved Solvent: the component that does
More informationChapter 4 Notes Types of Chemical Reactions and Solutions Stoichiometry A Summary
Chapter 4 Notes Types of Chemical Reactions and Solutions Stoichiometry A Summary 4.1 Water, the Common Solvent A. Structure of water 1. Oxygen s electronegativity is high (3.5) and hydrogen s is low (2.1)
More informationChemical reactions describe processes involving chemical change
1.1 Chemical Reactions 1.2 Chemical Equations Chemical reactions describe processes involving chemical change The chemical change involves rearranging matter Converting one or more pure substances into
More informationChapter 5 Chemical Reactions
Chapter 5 Chemical Reactions 5.1 Chemical Equations A chemical equation shows the chemical change taking place. The state of each substance is written in parentheses after the formula: s for solids, l
More informationChapter 4 Types of Chemical Reaction and Solution Stoichiometry
Chapter 4 Types of Chemical Reaction and Solution Stoichiometry Water, the Common Solvent One of the most important substances on Earth. Can dissolve many different substances. A polar molecule because
More informationTypes of chemical reactions
PowerPoint to accompany Types of chemical reactions Chapters 3 & 16.1 M. Shozi CHEM110 / 2013 General Properties of Aqueous Solutions Solutions are mixtures of two or more pure substances. The solvent
More informationChapter 4. Types of Chemical Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry
Chapter 4 Types of Chemical Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry Chapter 4 Table of Contents 4.1 Water, the Common Solvent 4.2 The Nature of Aqueous Solutions: Strong and Weak Electrolytes 4.3 The Composition
More informationAn oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction involves the transfer of electrons (e - ). Sodium transfers its electrons to chlorine
Oxidation-Reduction An oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction involves the transfer of electrons (e - ). Sodium transfers its electrons to chlorine 2 Chemists need a way to keep track of what happens in
More informationCh 100: Fundamentals for Chemistry
Ch 100: Fundamentals for Chemistry Chapter 8: Chemical Equations Lecture Notes Chemical Equations (Intro) 1. Chemical equations are used to symbolically describe chemical reactions 2. In a chemical equation
More informationS 8 + F 2 SF 6 4/9/2014. iclicker Participation Question: Balance the following equation by inspection: H + + Cr 2 O 7 + C 2 H 5 OH
Today: Redox Reactions Oxidations Reductions Oxidation Numbers Half Reactions Balancing in Acidic Solution Balancing in Basic Solution QUIZ 3 & EXAM 3 moved up by one day: Quiz 3 Wednesday/Thursday next
More informationAqueous Reactions. The products are just the cation-anion pairs reversed, or the outies (A and Y joined) and the innies (B and X joined).
Aqueous Reactions Defining Aqueous Reactions Aqueous reactions are reactions that take place in water. To understand them, it is important to understand how compounds behave in water. Some compounds are
More information9-1 The Nature of Chemical Reactions
9-1 The Nature of Chemical Reactions What are chemical reactions and why do they occur? A chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances are converted into new substances with different
More informationREDOX AND ELECTROCHEMISTRY
SOUTH HIGH SCHOOL REDOX AND ELECTROCHEMISTRY Regents Chemistry Dr. Lombardo NAME Content Objectives REDOX & ELECTROCHEMISTRY What will students know and be able to do by the end of this instructional unit?
More informationDirections: Use the rules for Assigning Oxidation numbers to determine the oxidation number assigned to each element in each of the given formulas.
Oxidation Numbers #00 Directions: Use the rules for Assigning Oxidation numbers to determine the oxidation number assigned to each element in each of the given formulas. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
More informationCHAPTER 20. Redox Reactions. Oxidation The combination of an element or compound with oxygen to give oxides.
CHAPTER 20 Oxidation Reduction Reactions 20.1 The Meaning of Oxidation and Reduction Oxidation reactions are the principal source of energy on earth. Redox Reactions Also known as Oxidation Reduction Reactions:
More informationCHEMISTRY 40S: AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS LESSON 4 NOTES. When you have completed this lesson, you will be able to:
CHEMISTRY 40S: AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS LESSON 4 NOTES Introduction Oxidation and reduction reactions often occur in aqueous environments. We ve often heard of the term oxidation in reference to the rusting of
More informationOxidation-Reduction (Redox) Reactions
Oxidation-Reduction (Redox) Reactions Reactions in which electrons are transferred from one reactant to another oxidation the loss of electrons reduction the gainof electrons LEO the lion says GER Oxidation
More informationAP CHEMISTRY NOTES 2-1 ASSIGNING OXIDATION NUMBERS
AP CHEMISTRY NOTES 2-1 ASSIGNING OXIDATION NUMBERS RULES FOR ASSIGNING OXIDATION NUMBERS: 1. The oxidation number of any free element (including diatomic elements) is always 0. 2. The sum of the oxidation
More informationChapter 7 Chemical Reactions
Chapter 7 Chemical Reactions Evidence of Chemical Change Release or Absorption of Heat Color Change Emission of Light Formation of a Gas Formation of Solid Precipitate Tro's "Introductory 2 How Do We Represent
More informationUnit 8: Redox and Electrochemistry
May 20, 2014 Unit 8: Redox and Electrochemistry http://www.firefly.org/firefly-pictures.html Oxidation Number numbers assigned to atoms that allow us to keep track of electrons. Rule #1: Oxidation number
More informationRedox Worksheet 1: Numbers & Balancing Reactions
Name: Date: Per: Redox Worksheet 1: Numbers & Balancing Reactions Assigning Oxidation Number rules: Elements and Compounds have an oxidation number/total of 0 Group I and II In addition to the elemental
More informationChapter 4: Phenomena. Electrolytes. Electrolytes. Electrolytes. Chapter 4 Types of Chemical Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry.
Chapter 4: Phenomena Phenomena: Many different reactions are known to occur. Scientists wondered if these reactions could be separated into groups based on their properties. Look at the reactions below
More informationChapter 4: Phenomena. Electrolytes. Electrolytes. Electrolytes. Chapter 4 Types of Chemical Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry
Chapter 4: Phenomena Phenomena: Many different reactions are known to occur. Scientists wondered if these reactions could be separated into groups based on their properties. Look at the reactions below
More informationChapter 4; Reactions in Aqueous Solutions. Chapter 4; Reactions in Aqueous Solutions. V. Molarity VI. Acid-Base Titrations VII. Dilution of Solutions
Chapter 4; Reactions in Aqueous Solutions I. Electrolytes vs. NonElectrolytes II. Precipitation Reaction a) Solubility Rules III. Reactions of Acids a) Neutralization b) Acid and Carbonate c) Acid and
More informationChapter 4: Phenomena. (aq)+ 4H + (aq)+ 2e - Chapter 4: Types of Chemical Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry
Chapter 4: Phenomena Phenomena: Many different reactions are known to occur. Scientists wondered if these reactions could be separated into groups based on their properties. Look at the reactions below
More informationChapter 4: Types of Chemical reactions and Solution Stoichiometry
Chapter 4: Types of Chemical reactions and Solution Stoichiometry 4.1 Water, The Common Solvent State why water acts as a common solvent. Draw the structure of water, including partial charge. Write equations
More informationChapter 8 Chemical Reactions
Chemistry/ PEP Name: Date: Chapter 8 Chemical Reactions Chapter 8: 1 7, 9 18, 20, 21, 24 26, 29 31, 46, 55, 69 Practice Problems 1. Write a skeleton equation for each chemical reaction. Include the appropriate
More informationReduction: 2 H + (aq) + 2 e H2(g)
Balancing Redox Reactions Homework Answers page 617 # 1-3, 5, 7-9 Mrs. Giovannone 1. (a) Solution: Step 1: Write the unbalanced equation for the reaction. Mg(s) + HCl(aq) H2(g) + MgCl2(aq) Step 2: Write
More informationTypes of Reactions: Reactions
1 Reactions On the A.P. Test there will be one question (question #4) that will say: Give the formulas to show the reactants and the products for the following chemical reactions. Each occurs in aqueous
More informationChemical Reaction Types
Chemical Reactions Chemical Reaction Types There are 5 types of chemical reactions that you need to know Combination reaction Decomposition reaction Combustion reaction Single replacement (redox) reaction
More informationChapter 4. The Major Classes of Chemical Reactions 4-1
Chapter 4 The Major Classes of Chemical Reactions 4-1 The Major Classes of Chemical Reactions 4.1 The Role of Water as a Solvent 4.2 Writing Equations for Aqueous Ionic Reactions 4.3 Precipitation Reactions
More informationTYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS
TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS Precipitation Reactions Compounds Soluble Ionic Compounds 1. Group 1A cations and NH 4 + 2. Nitrates (NO 3 ) Acetates (CH 3 COO ) Chlorates (ClO 3 ) Perchlorates (ClO 4 ) Solubility
More informationChapter 4 Chemical Formulas, Reactions, Redox and Solutions
Terms to Know: Solubility Solute Solvent Solution Chapter 4 the amount of substance that dissolves in a given volume of solvent at a given temperature. a substance dissolved in a liquid to form a solution
More informationTypes of Reactions: Reactions
1 Reactions On the A.P. Test there will be one question (question #4) that will say: Give the formulas to show the reactants and the products for the following chemical reactions. Each occurs in aqueous
More informationOxidation-Reduction Reactions
Oxidation-Reduction Reactions What is an Oxidation-Reduction, or Redox, reaction? Oxidation-reduction reactions, or redox reactions, are technically defined as any chemical reaction in which the oxidation
More informationChemical Reactions REDOX
Chemical Reactions REDOX There are two types of Chemical Changes: 1. Reactions in which ions are being rearranged with no change in their oxidation states. METATHESIS. Reactions in which electrons are
More information1. Parts of Chemical Reactions. 2 H 2 (g) + O 2 (g) 2 H 2 O(g) How to read a chemical equation
Unit 6 Chemical Reactions 1. Parts of a Chemical Reaction 2. Indicators of a Chemical Reaction 3. Enthalpy 4. Balancing Chemical Equations 5. Word Equations 6. Classifying Chemical Reactions 7. Predicting
More information2. Indicators of Chemical Rxns. Abbreviations of State (g) gas (l) liquid (s) solid (aq) aqueous a substance dissolved in water
Unit 6 Chemical Reactions 1. Parts of a Chemical Reaction 2. Indicators of a Chemical Reaction 3. Enthalpy 4. Balancing Chemical Equations 5. Word Equations 6. Classifying Chemical Reactions 7. Predicting
More informationAnother substance, called a reducing agent, causes or promotes the reduction of a metal compound to an elemental compound.
Electrochemistry Oxidation and Reducation The technology of metalurrgy has allowed humanity to progress from the Stone Age, through the Bronze Age and the Iron Age to modern times. Very few metals exist
More informationRedox Reactions. key terms: oxidizing agent reducing agent oxidation number
Redox Reactions key terms: oxidizing agent reducing agent oxidation number Oxidation Numbers In order to keep track of what loses electrons and what gains them, we assign oxidation numbers. Electrochemistry
More informationChemistry 30: Reduction-Oxidation Reactions. Single replacement Formation Decomposition Combustion. Double replacement
Chemistry 30: Reduction-Oxidation Reactions BIG IDEA: Reduction-oxidation (redox) reactions occur by the transfer of one or more electrons from one atom to another. By assigning oxidation numbers, we can
More informationA reaction in which a solid forms is called a precipitation reaction. Solid = precipitate
Chapter 7 Reactions in Aqueous Solutions 1 Section 7.1 Predicting Whether a Reaction Will Occur Four Driving Forces Favor Chemical Change 1. Formation of a solid 2. Formation of water 3. Transfer of electrons
More informationUnit 5 Chemical Reactions Notes. Introduction: Chemical substances have physical and chemical properties
Unit 5 Chemical Reactions Notes Introduction: Chemical substances have physical and chemical properties Physical Properties 2 Types of Physical Properties Extensive Physical Properties Intensive Physical
More informationSolubility Rules See also Table 4.1 in text and Appendix G in Lab Manual
Ch 4 Chemical Reactions Ionic Theory of Solutions - Ionic substances produce freely moving ions when dissolved in water, and the ions carry electric current. (S. Arrhenius, 1884) - An electrolyte is a
More informationReactions in Aqueous Solution
1 Reactions in Aqueous Solution Chapter 4 For test 3: Sections 3.7 and 4.1 to 4.5 Copyright The McGrawHill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. 2 A solution is a homogenous
More informationCHEM134- Fall 2018 Dr. Al-Qaisi Chapter 4b: Chemical Quantities and Aqueous Rxns So far we ve used grams (mass), In lab: What about using volume in lab? Solution Concentration and Solution Stoichiometry
More informationCHEMICAL REACTIONS. Introduction. Chemical Equations
CHEMICAL REACTIONS Chemistry I Chapter 7 1 Chemical Equations Their Job: Depict the kind of reactants and products and their relative amounts in a reaction. 4 Al (s) + 3 O 2 (g) ---> 2 Al 2 O 3 (s) The
More informationChem 30A. Ch 7. Chemical Reactions
Chem 30A Ch 7. Chemical Reactions Chemical Equations Chemical Reactions Chemical reac+on: a process that involves the rearrangement of the ways atoms are grouped together Evidence for Chemical Reactions
More informationChem 110 General Principles of Chemistry
Chem 110 General Principles of Chemistry Chapter 3 (Page 88) Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry In this chapter you will study chemical reactions that take place between substances that are dissolved
More informationWhich of the following answers is correct and has the correct number of significant figures?
Avogadro s Number, N A = 6.022 10 23 1. [7 points] Carry out the following mathematical operation: 6.06 10 3 + 1.1 10 2 Which of the following answers is correct and has the correct number of significant
More informationChemical Equations. Chemical Reactions. The Hindenburg Reaction 5/25/11
Chemical Reactions CHM 1032C Chemical Equations Chemical change involves a reorganization of the atoms in one or more substances. The Hindenburg Reaction Reactants are on left, products to the right. Arrow
More informationOxidation-Reduction Reactions. (Redox) Redox Reactions. Types of Redox Rxn s. Not Redox Reactions. Combustion of methane
Oxidation-Reduction Reactions Redox Reactions Reactions in which one or more electrons are transferred 2Na (s) + Cl 2(g) 2NaCl (s) (Redox) Species loosing electrons is said to be oxidized and the species
More informationOxidation-Reduction Reactions
Chemistry Grade:12 CHAPTER 19 REVIEW Oxidation-Reduction Reactions SECTION 1 SHORT ANSWER Answer the following questions in the space provided. 1. All the following equations involve redox reactions except
More informationRules for Assigning Oxidation Numbers. 1. The oxidation number of an element in any elementary substance is zero.
Rules for Assigning Oxidation Numbers 1. The oxidation number of an element in any elementary substance is zero. For example, the oxidation number of chlorine in Cl 2, phosphorus in P 4, and sulfur in
More informationQ.1 What is the oxidation state of the elements in?
Oxidation and Reduction 1 OXIDATION NUMBERS Used to tell if oxidation or reduction has taken place work out what has been oxidised and/or reduced construct half equations and balance redox equations Atoms
More informationCh. 5 Oxidation-Reduction Reactions. Brady & Senese, 5 th Ed.
Ch. 5 Oxidation-Reduction Reactions Brady & Senese, 5 th Ed. 1 Index 5.1. Oxidation-reduction reactions involve electron transfer 5.2. The ion-electron method creates balanced net ionic equations for redox
More informationChapter 17. Oxidation-Reduction. Cu (s) + 2AgNO 3(aq) 2Ag (s) + Cu(NO 3 ) 2(aq) pale blue solution. colorless solution. silver crystals.
Chapter 17 Oxidation-Reduction Cu (s) + 2AgNO 3(aq) 2Ag (s) + Cu(NO 3 ) 2(aq) copper wire colorless solution silver crystals pale blue solution Introduction to General, Organic, and Biochemistry 10e John
More information7/16/2012. Chapter Four: Like Dissolve Like. The Water Molecule. Ionic Compounds in Water. General Properties of Aqueous Solutions
General Properties of Aqueous Solutions Chapter Four: TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND SOLUTION STOICHIOMETRY A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. A solution is made when one substance
More informationChapter 9. Vocabulary Ch Kick Off Activity. Objectives. Interpreting Formulas. Interpreting Formulas
Chapter 9 Chemical Vocabulary Ch. 9.1 Chemical reaction Reactant Product Word Equation Skeleton Equation Chemical equation Coefficient 1 2 Objectives Write chemical equations to describe chemical reactions
More informationGAS FORMULAE THE GENERAL GAS EQUATION. 1 dm = 1000 ml = 1 L. 1cm = 1 ml
GAS FORMULAE THE GENERAL GAS EQUATION PV = nrt Note Useful Conversions P = Pressure ( kpa ) 760 mmhg = 1 atmosphere V = Volume ( L ) = 101,35Pa = 101.35 kpa n = Amount (in mol) of gas ( mol) 1 1 R = Gas
More informationOxidation and reduction reactions v Found often in aqueous environments v Examples include, rusting of metals v Cracking a glow stick, where
Oxidation and reduction reactions v Found often in aqueous environments v Examples include, rusting of metals v Cracking a glow stick, where electrons are transferred to convert the chemical energy into
More informationUNIT (4) CALCULATIONS AND CHEMICAL REACTIONS
UNIT (4) CALCULATIONS AND CHEMICAL REACTIONS 4.1 Formula Masses Recall that the decimal number written under the symbol of the element in the periodic table is the atomic mass of the element. Atomic mass
More informationSolution Chemistry. Chapter 4
Solution Chemistry Chapter 4 Covalent Molecule Dissolving in Water Ionic Compound Dissolving in Water Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes Electrolytes/Nonelectrolytes Type Dissociation Electrical Conductivity
More informationElectrolytes solutions
Chapter 4 Types of Chemical Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry Water has a high surface tension due to hydrogen-bonding molecules attract each other more than the air. Electrolytes solutions which conduct
More informationCH 221 Chapter Four Part II Concept Guide
CH 221 Chapter Four Part II Concept Guide 1. Solubility Why are some compounds soluble and others insoluble? In solid potassium permanganate, KMnO 4, the potassium ions, which have a charge of +1, are
More informationPage 1. Exam 2 Review Summer A 2002 MULTIPLE CHOICE. 1. Consider the following reaction: CaCO (s) + HCl(aq) CaCl (aq) + CO (g) + H O(l)
Page 1 MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Consider the following reaction: CaCO (s) + HCl(aq) CaCl (aq) + CO (g) + H O(l) The coefficient of HCl(aq) in the balanced reaction is. a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4 e) 0 2. Given the information
More informationChapter 4. Reactions in Aqueous Solution
Chapter 4. Reactions in Aqueous Solution 4.1 General Properties of Aqueous Solutions A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. A solution is made when one substance (the solute) is
More informationRevision of Important Concepts. 1. Types of Bonding
Revision of Important Concepts 1. Types of Bonding Electronegativity (EN) often molecular often ionic compounds Bonding in chemical substances Bond energy: Is the energy that is released when a bond is
More informationReactions in aqueous solutions Redox reactions
Reactions in aqueous solutions Redox reactions Redox reactions In precipitation reactions, cations and anions come together to form an insoluble ionic compound. In neutralization reactions, H + ions and
More information8.6 Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
Chapter Outline 8.1 Solutions and Their Concentrations 8.2 Dilutions 8.3 Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes 8.4 Acids, Bases, and Neutralization Reactions 8.5 Precipitation Reactions 8.6 Oxidation-Reduction
More informationOxidation & Reduction (Redox) Notes
Oxidation & Reduction (Redox) Notes Chemical Activity (or Chemical Reactivity) is the measure of the reactivity of elements. If an element has high activity, then it means that the element is willing to
More information**The partially (-) oxygen pulls apart and surrounds the (+) cation. The partially (+) hydrogen pulls apart and surrounds the (-) anion.
#19 Notes Unit 3: Reactions in Solutions Ch. Reactions in Solutions I. Solvation -the act of dissolving (solute (salt) dissolves in the solvent (water)) Hydration: dissolving in water, the universal solvent.
More informationPage 1 Name: 2Al 3+ (aq) + 3Mg(s) 3Mg 2+ (aq) + 2Al(s) Fe 2 O 3 + 2Al Al 2 O 3 + 2Fe
9666-1 - Page 1 Name: 1) What is the oxidation number of chromium in the chromate ion, CrO 2-4? A) +8 B) +3 C) +2 D) +6 2) What is the oxidation number of sulfur in Na 2 S 2 O 3? A) +6 B) +4 C) +2 D) -1
More information11/3/09. Aqueous Solubility of Compounds. Aqueous Solubility of Ionic Compounds. Aqueous Solubility of Ionic Compounds
Aqueous Solubility of Compounds Not all compounds dissolve in water. Solubility varies from compound to compound. Chapter 5: Chemical Reactions Soluble ionic compounds dissociate. Ions are solvated Most
More informationChapter 15 Solutions
Chapter 15 Solutions 1. A homogeneous mixture is a combination of two (or more) pure substances that is uniform in composition and appearance throughout. Examples of homogeneous mixtures in the real world
More information(A) Composition (B) Decomposition (C) Single replacement (D) Double replacement: Acid-base (E) Combustion
AP Chemistry - Problem Drill 08: Chemical Reactions No. 1 of 10 1. What type is the following reaction: H 2 CO 3 (aq) + Ca(OH) 2 (aq) CaCO 3 (aq) + 2 H 2 O (l)? (A) Composition (B) Decomposition (C) Single
More informationALE 23. Balancing Redox Reactions. How does one balance a reaction for both matter and charge?
Name Chem 163 Section: Team Number: ALE 23. Balancing Redox Reactions (Reference: Section 4.5 (pp. 158 166) and 21.1 Silberberg 5 th edition) How does one balance a reaction for both matter and charge?
More informationUnit 13 Electrochemistry Review
1. What is the oxidation state of nitrogen in NaNO2? A) +1 B) +2 C) +3 D) +4 2. Given the reaction that occurs in an electrochemical cell: Zn(s) + CuSO4(aq) ZnSO4(aq) + Cu(s) During this reaction, the
More informationRegents review Electrochemistry(redox)
2011-2012 1. Chlorine has an oxidation state of +3 in the compound A) HClO B) HClO2 C) HClO3 D) HClO4 2. What is the oxidation number of iodine in KIO4? A) +1 B) 1 C) +7 D) 7 3. What is the oxidation number
More informationWorksheet 25 - Oxidation/Reduction Reactions
Worksheet 25 Oxidation/Reduction Reactions Oxidation number rules: Elements have an oxidation number of 0 Group I and II In addition to the elemental oxidation state of 0, Group I has an oxidation state
More informationName Date Class CHEMICAL REACTIONS. SECTION 11.1 DESCRIBING CHEMICAL REACTIONS (pages )
Name Date Class 11 CHEMICAL REACTIONS SECTION 11.1 DESCRIBING CHEMICAL REACTIONS (pages 321 329) This section explains how to write equations describing chemical reactions using appropriate symbols. It
More informationName AP Chemistry September 30, 2013
Name AP Chemistry September 30, 2013 AP Chemistry Exam Part I: 40 Questions, 40 minutes, Multiple Choice, No Calculator Allowed Bubble the correct answer on the blue side of your scantron for each of the
More informationOxidation and Reduction
Why? Oxidation and Reduction What happens when electrons are transferred in a chemical reaction? Silver tarnishes when it comes in contact with sulfur compounds in the air. Copper gets coated in beautiful
More information