GBAR principle: cool H + to get ultra- slow H

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "GBAR principle: cool H + to get ultra- slow H"

Aleesha Golden
5 years ago
Views:

GBAR principle: cool H + to get ultra- slow H - H + = p e + e + - Sympathetic cooling with Be + à 10 µk - Photodetachment of e + gravity detector H + detector (t 1 ) Cooling 10 µk Laser (t 0 ) h =

1 GBAR principle: cool H + to get ultra- slow H - H + = p e + e + - Sympathetic cooling with Be + à 10 µk - Photodetachment of e + gravity detector H + detector (t 1 ) Cooling 10 µk Laser (t 0 ) h = 1/2 g (t 1 - t 0 ) 2 - Time of flight J.Walz & T. Hänsch, General Relativity and Gravitation, 36 (2004) 561. H L m i! a = mg! g L 0.1 m h = v 0 z t m g m i gt 2 h Δt v h T H 10 cm 143 ms 0.5 m/s 20 μk ~ 7 nev Goal!g g " 1% 1 Dec P. Pérez - TCP2014 1

Ps H + + e P. Pérez & A. Rosowsky, NIM A 532, 523-532 (2004) Binding energy of H + = 0.

2 A recipe to produce an9 ions Standard H producoon via 3- body process p + e + + e + H* + e + bound e + e - 3- body demonstrated by ATRAP (2004) Idea for GBAR: 2 nd charge exchange reacoon p + Ps H + e H + Ps H + + e P. Pérez & A. Rosowsky, NIM A 532, (2004) Binding energy of H + = 0.75 ev = energy level of Ps(n=3) Expect cross- secoon enhancement if Ps excited to n=3 1 Dec P. Pérez - TCP2014 2

H + produc9on CERN provides per bunch every

3 H + produc9on CERN provides per bunch every 110 s ~ p } P S /cm H 1 H + threshold for Ps(1s) SiO 2 coaong P. Comini and P-A. Hervieux, J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 443, (2013) P. Comini, P-A. Hervieux and F. Biraben, LEAP Dec P. Pérez - TCP2014 3

4 An9protons: CERN AD / ELENA 5 MeV 100 kev ELENA 1 Dec P. Pérez - TCP2014 4

5 Layout O. Choisnet F. Bu9n ELENA 1 Dec P. Pérez - TCP2014 5

6 GBAR an9proton decelerator 1 pulse / 110 s D. Lunney P. Dupré dril tube 0 V 1 Dec P. Pérez - TCP2014 6

coaong Intensity of the 142 ns component

7 Ps forma9on H+ laser H e+ pulse p laser 1 mm 1 mm 2 cm Si with mesoporous SiO2 coaong Intensity of the 142 ns component (%) p P. Crivelli L. Liszkay Cb 44 CTACl-0.22 Saclay 1000 rpm Positron energy (kev) Test on ETHZ beam line 5 kev ~ 100% Ps formaoon eﬃciency as for bare SiO2 Same Ps lifeome distribuoon P. Crivelli, WAG Dec P. Pérez - TCP2014 7

8 Ps excita9on laser (n=3) Presently developed at LKB Paris To be tested at Saclay 1 Dec P. Pérez - TCP2014 8

beam line (from RIKEN) First trapping trials 1 Dec. 2014 P.

9 e+/ps demonstrator at Saclay 4.3 MeV / 200 Hz / 2.5 μs / 120 μa slow e+/s with ﬁrst W mesh moderator Penning trap on beam line (from RIKEN) First trapping trials 1 Dec P. Pérez - TCP2014 Secondary beam line à moderator developments à e+/ps converters Ps* laser being prepared at LKB (Paris) 9

10 e+/ps demonstrator at Saclay Concrete shielding X rays e - Linac Ec = 4.3 MeV I = 0.14 ma CERN version: 10 MeV, 0.2 ma Built by NCBJ Warsaw à e + /s 1 Dec P. Pérez - TCP

11 RIKEN Mul9- Ring Trap Must accumulate e + in 110 s 1 Dec P. Pérez - TCP

12 e + trapping P. Dupré P. Grandemange electron plasma for cooling 1 Dec P. Pérez - TCP

13 H + produc9on scheme 1 Dec P. Pérez - TCP

14 H with v < 1 m/s? L. Hilico et al., Int. Journal Mod. Phys: Conf. Series, 30 (2014) Cooling challenges Reaction chamber Capture + Cooling Cold trapped H + Kinetic energy kev Temperature ev K Trapped particule Temperature 3 nev 20 µk Classical world Frontiers of Quantum world NIST D. Wineland Innsbruck R. Blatt 1 Dec P. Pérez - TCP

15 H + cooling simula9ons L. Hilico L. Hilico et al., (2014) arxiv: [physics.atom-ph] 1 Dec P. Pérez - TCP

16 Be + sub Doppler cooling H + Be + 1 Dec P. Pérez - TCP

sympathetic Doppler cooling by laser cooled Be + ions

5 mm, Ω = 13 MHz) few mm 313 nm laser T 3 10 9 Second

~ mk Transfer and ground state cooling of a Be + /H +

17 Two cooling steps L. Hilico F. Schmidt- Kaler First step 1 kev H + Capture and sympathetic Doppler cooling by laser cooled Be + ions in the linear capture trap (Paul trap, r 0 = 3.5 mm, Ω = 13 MHz) few mm 313 nm laser T Second step > laser cooled Be + / HD + ions 100 nev, T ~ mk Transfer and ground state cooling of a Be + /H + ion pair in the precision trap tests with H 2 + / H + REMPI source 1 Dec P. Pérez - TCP

18 Precision trap S. Wolf F. Schmidt- Kaler Mainz First Ca + ions and linear ion crystals trapped at Mainz 2015: capture trap construc9on and tests of cooling of Ca + /Be +, transport of ions between traps 2016: cooling of H 2 + with Be + /HD + mixture 2017: transport to CERN 1 Dec P. Pérez - TCP

19 GBAR overall scheme 1 Dec P. Pérez - TCP

20 H free fall detec9on H + DetecOon TOF precision Annihil. vertex precision Background rejecoon Requirement 150 μs 2 mm event topology 50 cm 1 Dec P. Pérez - TCP

posioon directly GeneOc muloplexing of strips S.

21 MicroMegas detector D. Banerjee, P. Crivelli S. Aune, B. Vallage Argon Isobutane (95%, 5%) Pitch of strip ~ 400 microns X and Y strips give track posioon directly GeneOc muloplexing of strips S. Procureur et al, NIM A 729 (2013) 888 conversion 3 mm amplificaoon 128 μm micromesh strips 1 kv/cm 40kV/cm test module 4 cm 4 cm 50 cm 1 Dec P. Pérez - TCP

Spectroscopy of gravita9onal states Reflection probability alotudes are quanozed à spectroscopy i.e. improved precision already demonstrated with ultra cold neutrons at ILL (V.

22 Spectroscopy of gravita9onal states Reflection probability alotudes are quanozed à spectroscopy i.e. improved precision already demonstrated with ultra cold neutrons at ILL (V. Nesvizhevsky) 1 Dec P. Pérez - TCP

23 Velocity selector G. Dufour et al., Eur. Phys. J. C 74 (2014) 2731 First simulaoons à opomise dimensions with experimental constraints h = 50 μm H = 20 cm, Rdetector = 20 cm Shaper Rmin = 1 mm, Rmax = 7 mm à need 150 produced H + for Δg/g = 1% 10 Omes less than in proposal 1 Dec P. Pérez - TCP

24 15 insotutes ~ 50 researchers 2015 start installaoon 2016 ELENA commissioning with p and H first anoprotons for GBAR 1 Dec P. Pérez - TCP

25 extras 1 Dec P. Pérez - TCP

26 Thèse Pauline Comini 23 oct 2014 Output power : 400 mw at 820 nm for 6 W pump power. CW Ti:Sa locked on wavemeter 1 MHz frequency stability at 822 nm nm. 1 Dec P. Pérez - TCP

27 Quantum reflec9on on a step G. Dufour, et al. plane wave incident on a potential step:! in ( z) " exp (#ikz) with k = 2m(E # V ) /! wave function partly transmitted, partly reflected reflection: r 12 = k 2! k 1 k 1 + k 2 transmission: t 12 = 2 k 1 k 2 k 1 + k 2 reflection from attractive potential Reflection probability unchanged when 1! 2 r 12 2 = r Dec P. Pérez - TCP

28 The Casimir - Polder force G. Dufour et al., Int. Journal Mod. Phys: Conf. Series, 30 (2014) Dec P. Pérez - TCP

29 Gravita9onal States of Neutrons V. Nesvizhevsky et al., Nature 415, 297 (2002) 1 Dec P. Pérez - TCP

The GBAR experiment. Dirk van der Werf

The GBAR experiment. Dirk van der Werf The GBAR experiment Dirk van der Werf principle detector Laser (t 0 ) gravity J.Walz & T. Hänsch" General Relativity and Gravitation, 36 (2004) 561 detector (t 1 ) 2 principle detector Laser (t 0 ) gravity