Korea RI Accelerator

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1 Korea RI Accelerator Seoul National University On behalf of KoRIA Project Team International Symposium on Nuclear Physics in Asia

2 KoRIA in Short RI Accelerator in Korea ISOL and In-Flight method Multi-purpose Not just for nuclear physics Proposed budget: 450 M$ Timeline Design: Construction:

3 Key Elements 200MeV/u, 8pμA Superconducting Linac Cyclotron driven ISOL facility Particles : H ~ U, Stable Heavy Ion and Unstable Radioactive Isotope Both ISOL & In Flight method for production of rare isotope beams

Why RIs? Nuclear science is entering a new era of discovery in understanding how nature works at the most basic level and in applying that knowledge in useful ways.

4 Why RIs? Nuclear science is entering a new era of discovery in understanding how nature works at the most basic level and in applying that knowledge in useful ways. - National Academy 2007 RISAC Report - Base chart of the nuclei from RIA white paper Stable nuclei black Symmetry studies with Fr Origin of heavy elements Super heavy element Fission limits Known nuclei yellow rapid n-capture process (r-process) Number of protons Weakening of shell structure Double Magic 132 Sn Large neutron excess Limit of nuclear stability? In periodic table - Elements: ~100 - Stable isotopes: ~300 - Unstable isotopes: ~ 3000 Unknown isotopes: about 3000~6000 estimated Number of neutrons

5 Multi-purpose Nuclear physics Atomic physics Nuclear data Nuclear astrophysics Fundamental symmetries Material science Bio and medical sciences

6 KoRIA layout 200MeV/u (U) C ECR IS RFQ In-Flight Fragmentation linac SCL SCL Future plan H 2 + D+ Stripper ISOL linac Cyclotron K ~ 100 ISOL target In-flight target μ, Medical research SCL RFQ Low energy experiments Charge Breeder Fragment Separator Atom trap experiment linac Beam line [for acceleration] Beam line [for experiment] Target building Nuclear physics Experiment building

7 Scheme of RI beams at KoRIA ISOL driver: Cyclotron 70 MeV, 1mA proton Direct fission target: Multi-layered UC x of 70 kw Beam energy & types Rare isotopes (RIs) Stable heavy ion 1 H ~ 238 U Low energy LINAC 17.5 MeV/u RI beam Stable low E Low energy LINAC 17.5 MeV/u High energy LINAC 210 MeV/u, 238 U high E Simultaneous Operation 1. ISOL 4. IFF + high E RI cooling In-Flight 610 MeV, 660 pμa 1 H 210 MeV/u, 8 pμa 238 U 1. ISOL 6. High E stable HI Stable 5. ISOL+ high E RI 2. Stable 7. ISOL+IFF+ISOL Low energy experiment High energy experiment 3. IFF low E RI or ISOL 7 ISOL+IFF+ISOL

8 Block Diagram of KoRIA ECRIS 28 GHz, 10 kw 238 U : 10 kev/u, 11.7 pua 238 U : 0.3 MeV/u, 9.4 pua p: 56 MeV, 0.66 ma 238 U : 17.5 MeV/u, 9.4 pua 238 U : 17.2 MeV/u, 7.9 pua 238 U : 200 MeV/u, 7.9 pua ECRIS LEBT p: 10 kev, 0.66 ma Superconducting Normal conducting High temperature High radiation RFQ 70 MHz QWR2 MEBT p: 0.3 MeV, 0.66 ma QWR1 70 MHz, QWR1 Re-Accelerated Beam Experimental Hall Acronyms ECRIS: Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source L(M)EBT: Low (Medium) Energy Beam Transport RFQ: Radio Frequency Quadrupole Q(H)WR: Quarter (Half) Wave Resonator IF Frag.: In-Fight Fragmentation ISOL: Isotope Seperator On-Line QWR2 70 MHz, Fast Beam Experimental Hall RFQ Charge Stripper Charge Breeder Charge Selector CW operation Gas Stopper ISOL Separator Stopped Beam Experimental Hall HWR1 280 MHz, Stable Beam Experimental Hall IF Frag. Separator ECRIS for ISOL HWR2 280 MHz, 0.53 p: 610 MeV, 0.66 ma IF Frag. Target ISOL Target Cyclotron Switchyard p: 70 MeV, 1 ma

9 Comparison to foreign facilities ISOL: Isotope Source On Line IFF: In-flight fragmentation * planned Facility KoRIA Korea FRIB MSU RIBF RIKEN HIE- ISOLDE CERN ISAC I, II TRIUMF SPIRAL2 GANIL SPES INFN RI beam production method ISOL+IFF+ ISOL IFF+ISOL IFF+ISOL* ISOL ISOL ISOL ISOL Target collision Particle (energy) ISOL: 70 MeV p IFF: 600 MeV 1 H 200 MeV/u 238 U ~600 MeV 1 H ~200 MeV/u 238 U Heavy ion MeV/ u H (~1.4 GeV) H (~500 MeV/ u) E (50 MeV) H (~33 MeV) D (~40 MeV) (~14.5 MeV/u) H (40-50MeV) 2 nd RIB energy ISOL: 200 MeV/u IFF: 150 MeV/u Catcherreacceleration: 3, 12 MeV/u IFF: ~150 MeV/u < 345 MeV/u 3-10 MeV/u ISAC I: ~1.8 MeV/u ISAC II: ~16 MeV/u 2-25 MeV/u 10 MeV/u Accelerator type Cyclotron RFQ+SC LINAC RFQ + SC LINAC RFQ + LINAC + 4 Ring Cyclotron Synchrotron RFQ + IH structure + SC LINAC Cyclotron RFQ + SC LINAC e-linac RFQ + SC LINAC Cyclotron Cyclotron S-RFQ, SC LINAC Completion 2016 ~2017 ~ ~2015 ~

10 Letters of Intent Call for letters of intent in Korea (2009) 83 LoI s received :%=+&$(;+%-% >%6-,$,?3( 4%@%$,90%-5( AB&*%'.4%5%5,'C <+,(;+%-% %"!" 85,0+ /63*+* &" ;&D%53 %" '"!"!" $"!"$%&'()"*+,-./$&*0&!"!"$%&'(1-%'23.!"$%&'(4&5& $$"!"$%&'(/63*+* :&5%'+&$(;+%-%!"$%&'78*5',963*+*

Research goals at KoRIA Nuclear Physics exotic nuclei near the neutron drip line Unknown isotopes as super heavy elements (ex: Koreanium) Equation of state (EOS) of nuclear matter ISOL+IFF+ISOL

11 Research goals at KoRIA Nuclear Physics exotic nuclei near the neutron drip line Unknown isotopes as super heavy elements (ex: Koreanium) Equation of state (EOS) of nuclear matter ISOL+IFF+ISOL Nuclear Astrophysics Origin of nuclei Paths of nucleosynthesis Neutron stars and supernovae Atomic physics Limits of nuclear existence Fundamental conservation law Nuclear data by using fast neutrons Future nuclear energy Radioactive waste transmutation Material science New materials Properties of materials Dynamic image in nm scale Medical and Bio sciences Advanced therapy technology Study the mutation of DNA

12 Nuclear Physics at KoRIA Search for drip lines Basic properties of n-rich isotopes Modification of shell gaps Shape deformation Neutron halos, skins Many more...

13 Nuclear symmetry energy at KoRIA Nuclear equation of state in the extended isospin space??????? Isospin asymmetry δ 0 ρ n =ρ p Symmetric matter density ρ=ρ n +ρ p Energy per nucleon in asymmetric matter Energy per nucleon in symmetric matter ρ (nucleon density)=ρ n +ρ p symmetry energy Isospin asymmetry ρ n : neutron density ρ p : proton density RIBF FRIB KoRIA Exploring a wide range of N/Z asymmetry Density dependence of the asymmetric energy of the nuclear EoS Experimental observables for EOS MSU GSI FAIR Size of nuclei π - /π +, n/p, or 3 H/ 3 He ratio Isospin effect Collective flow

Nuclear astrophysics at KoRIA Understand the role of

related to important cosmic gamma-ray observations

14 Nuclear astrophysics at KoRIA Understand the role of unstable nuclei in the nucleosynthesis Nuclear reactions related to important cosmic gamma-ray observations Crucial reactions in the CNO and HCNO cycles Nucleosynthesis 1. Rapid proton capture process (rp-process) 2. Slow neutron capture process (s-process) 3. Rapid neutron capture (r-process)

15 Atomic and nuclear physics at KoRIA Precision Mass Measurements Key questions Fundamental property Test of nuclear models and formulas High-accuracy mass measurements and mass comparisons of stable or radioactive nuclides on the level of 10-8 Limits and Islands Drip lines and Superheavies Nuclear Structure Shell closures, pairing, deformation Halos Reaction and decays Q-values, Boundaries on exotic decays Nuclear Astrophysics r- and rp-process Fundamental tests Symmetries Weak interaction: CVC hypothesis, search for scalar and tensor currents Precision Laser Spectroscopy Magnetic & electrostatic hyperfine structure spin, magnetic moment, and quadrupole moment Laser spectroscopy measurements Since 1995 Before 1995 Key questions Limits of nuclear existence New formation type of nuclear matter New collective motion Change of the ordering of quantum states

16 Nuclear data at KoRIA Topic 1 Fast neutron data & fusion applications p, d Li, Be,.. Fast neutrons Nuclear data for GEN-VI & future system p W, Ta, Pb, U Spallation neutrons Topic 2 Nuclear data for waste transmutation HI In-flight, ISOL RIB Short-lived Rare Isotopes Neutron C.S. Topic 3 Improve nuclear reaction models W, Ta, Pb, U p, d Inverse kinematics Nuclear data for ultra shortlived isotopes d, t, He,.. U, Pu, Np, Cm Surrogate reactions

Material science at KoRIA Semiconductor - Electric and magnetic configuration - Lattice

& Superconductor - Spin-lattice relaxation - Resonance shift in the magnetic material -

Nuclear Moments: Unique tool to investigate the nuclear wave function - Magnetic Moment :

17 Material science at KoRIA Semiconductor - Electric and magnetic configuration - Lattice location of dopant - Band structure - Diffusion properties PL EC PAC β-nmr PAC Magnetism & Superconductor - Spin-lattice relaxation - Resonance shift in the magnetic material - Nano-scopic analysis on the phase transition of the transition metal oxide materials. Nuclear Moments: Unique tool to investigate the nuclear wave function - Magnetic Moment : Island of Inversion, Mirror Symmetry (β-nmr) - Electric Quadrupole : Core polarization (β-nqr)

18 Medical and Bio science at KoRIA Medical Science Radioresistance of cancer cells to RI beams. Damage of normal tissues to RI beams. Radiation dose distribution using 11 C. New genes and proteins from microorganisms for human application. Particle beam therapy using π -, He, O, Ne, Si, and Ar. Bio Science RBE of heavy ion beam and oxygen dependence Genomic and proteomic research responsible to heavy ion beam - Neoplastic cell transformation of heavy ions - γ-radiation is carcinogen in normal animal? Epigenetic change by heavy ion beam - Embryonic development

19 Korea Rare Isotope Accelerator (KoRIA) Researches of basic and applied science with stable and unstable isotopes SC ECR IS RFQ SCL IFF linac SCL 200 MeV/u (U) Future extension area Future plan H 2 + D+ Stripper ISOL linac Cyclotron K ~ 100 ISOL target In-flight target μ, Medical research Medical science SCL RFQ Low energy experiments Charge Breeder Fragment Separator linac Beam line [for acceleration] Beam line [for experiment] Target building Experiment building Nuclear Astrophysics Material science Bio science Nuclear data Atom trap experiment Atomic / Nuclear physics Unique mode of KoRIA: ISOL +IFF+ISOL Nuclear physics Nuclear Physics

20 Facilities for the scientific researches - Design the experimental facilities in conceptual level - User training program with the international collaboration Nuclear Physics Large Acceptance Multi-Purpose Spectrometer (LAMPS) Nuclear Astrophysics Atomic physics KoRIA Recoil Spectrometer (KRS) Atom & Ion Trap System Nuclear data by fast neutrons Material science Medical and Bio sciences neutron Time-of-Flight (n-tof) Β-NMR/NQR Elastic Recoil Detection (ERD) Laser Selective Ionizer Heavy Ion Therapy Irradiation Facility

21 KoRIA User Community Ph.D.s and 43 students in 8 working groups Principal Investigator Y. K. Kim B. G. Cheoun, B. H. Kang, M. S. Ryu, S. M. Kang, D. Y. Jang, B. H. Park, T. Schaarschmidt, S. K. Lee, J. S. Kang, K. H. Jo, B. K. Shin, S. H. Kim, I. S. Lee (4/10) Working Group Nuclear structure Nuclear astrophysic s & synthesis Symmetry energy Theory for Supernova & Astrophysics Medical & Bio Application RI Material Research Nuclear Data Atom traps for RI research Leader (Institution) S. Choi (Seoul National Univ.) C. B. Moon (Hoseo Univ.) C. H. Hyun (Daegu Univ.) M. K. Cheoun, (Soongsil Univ.) W. Y. Park (Chungbuk National Univ.) S. H. Park KAERI Y.O. Lee KAERI D. H. Yu KRISS Group member I. K. Yoo S. Stepanian Sato H. S. Lee K. S. Lee E. J. Ha M. Evgeniy H. S. Do J. K. Lee C. W. Son K. S. Oh K. E. Choi J. H. Song H. K. Kim J. S. Song (5+2/9) I. S. Hahn J. H. Lee Y. K. Kwon J. Y. Moon C. C. Yun J. S. Yoo A. Kim E. H. Kim J. S. Park (8/2) S. H. Lee H. C. Kim E. J. Kim J. K. Ahn Y. S. Oh K. S. Lee C. H. Lee H. J. Lee B. Hong K. S. Lee H. J. Jeong, J. H. Jeong K. B. Kim, S. H. Kim J. Y. Park, J. H. Jeong S. Y. Yu, H. S. Jo S. J. Kim, K. H. Lee M. E. Baek, B. H. Choi E. A. Joo, K. Y. Baek J. H. Jang, S. H. Hwang H. H. Shim, J. K. Lee Y. M. Kim (11/19) C. Ryu E. J. Ha (3/0) Y. C. Ahn I. G. Kim K. C. Kim I. L. Jeong H. J. Song J. R. No J. C. Ahn *J. W. Gwak *D. H. Shin *S. J. Ye *Join research not project member (5+3/3) J. K. Kim W. Hong B. Y. Han S. K. Ahn H. S. Shin N. Y. Kim H. S. Kim B. J. Seo Y. J. Rhee J. M. Han H. M. Park K. H. Ko G. Lim (14/0) Joining 2 working groups G. D. Kim J. G. Yoo H. J. Woo T. Y. Song H. I. Kim C. W. Lee Y. J. Rhee J. M. Han H. M. Park K. H. Ko G. Lim (7+5/0) Y. K. Lee C. Y. Park J. C. Moon T. Y. Kwon S. E. Park S. B. Lee H. S. Kang M. K. Oh Y. H. Park (10/0)

22 Timeline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

23 Conceptual Design Project 1.Budget : ~ 2M $ 2.Period : March 10 ~ January 9, Manpower : ~ 200 persons 79 Universities 8 Industry 65 Labs 36 MS/BS 116 Ph.D.

24 Technical Advisory Committee (~60)

25 KoRIA for Nuclear Physics in Asia One of new major construction project in the world One more facility for nuclear physics community in the world Great opportunities for young scientists Collaborations are welcome from all over the world, especially from Asia!

26 Stay hungry. Stay foolish. Steve Jobs, CEO, Apple Inc. All dreams come true. Your job is dreaming dreams. A hungry, foolish nuclear physicist

27 Thank you

Utilization of Intense Rare Isotope Beam at KoRIA

KIAS Workshop Nuclear and Particle Physics in KoRIA and BSI Utilization of Intense Rare Isotope Beam at KoRIA 2011. 9. 17 Yong-Kyun Kim (Hanyang University) On behalf of KoRIA User Community 초신성의 관측 1