Z_ I hvmv hvm cöhyw³ wkÿy- 1 Kvm KvW: EDBN 1533

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Z_ I hvmv hvm cöhyw³ wkÿy- 1 Kvm KvW: EDBN 1533 e v Pji Ae GWz Kkb (wegw) cövmövg gwwdj: 1 I 3 ipbvq cö dmi gwbiv nv mb zj Ae GWz Kkb, evdwe gv: Av bvqviæj Bmjvg mnkvix Aa vck, zj Ae GWz Kkb, evdwe

1 Z_ I hvmv hvm cöhyw³ wkÿy- 1 Kvm KvW: EDBN 1533 e v Pji Ae GWz Kkb (wegw) cövmövg gwwdj: 1 I 3 ipbvq cö dmi gwbiv nv mb zj Ae GWz Kkb, evdwe gv: Av bvqviæj Bmjvg mnkvix Aa vck, zj Ae GWz Kkb, evdwe gv: nvw`dzi ingvb mnkvix Aa vck, gvijvbv fvmvbx weávb I cöhyw³ wek we` vjq, Uv½vBj gv: gywgbyj Bmjvg Kw úduvi cwipvjk, AvB.wm.wU. BDwbU, RvZxq wek we` vjq, MvRxcyi m úv`bvq gv: Av bvqviyj Bmjvg mnkvix Aa vck, zj Ae GWz Kkb, evdwe W. gv: gvnmxb DwÏb mnkvix Aa vck, zj Ae GWz Kkb, evdwe Working For Quality zj Ae GWy Kkb evsjv `k D gy y³ wekwe` vjq evsjv `k D gy y³ wekwe` vjq

2 Z_ I hvmv hvm cöhyw³ wkÿy- 1 Kvm KvW: EDBN 1533 wegw cövmövg cökvkkvj cö_g gỳ ªY m Þ ^i, 2008 cö_g cwigvwr Z gy`ªy deªæqvwi, 2010 cybtgy`ªy Rvbyqvwi, 2011 Rvbyqvwi, 2012 evsjv `k D gy³ wek we` vjq ISBN: cökvkbvq cökvkbv, gy`ªy I weziy wefvm evsjv `k D gy³ wek we` vjq MvRxcyi gỳ ª Y Gm. Avi. wcöw Us cöm wj: 85/1 bqvcëb XvKv- 1000

3 f wgkv Ávb I `ÿzvi cözxwz-cöcâ mzz cwiez bkxj AvR Ki Ávb I `ÿzv fwel Zi P v jä gvkv ejvq h _ó n e bv- GUvB ^vfvwek GRb cö qvrb cöwzwbqz G ÿîmg~ ni bevqb I AvaywbKxKiY wkÿv I wkÿk cöwkÿy Kg m~wpi cövwzôvwbk aviv G Dcgnv ` k cövq `yb kz eqi a i P j Avm Q AZx Zi G wkÿv`vb c wz wqj A bkvs k iæ Z_v wkÿk Kw `ªK wkÿv`v bi G aviv Ggb Kx wesk kzvãxi kl cövší ch ší P j AvmwQj ez gv b G wpšívavivi e vck cwiez b N U Q AvaywbK wkÿv`vb c wz wkÿv_x Kw `ªK I Kg wfwëk GQvovI wkÿy-wklb wel q wek e vcx wbz bzzb wpšívavivi D e NU Q we k i wewfbœ ` k G jv Abym Z n Q evsjv ` k Gi cöez b GLb mg qi `vex Gme AvaywbK wek Rbxb wpšívaviv K evsjv ` ki wkÿv e e vq cöez bi gva g wkÿvi gv bvbœq bi j ÿ mikvi e vck D ` vm MÖnY K i Gi avivevwnkzvq 2005 mv j M nxz nq Teaching Quality Improvement in Secondary Education Project (TQI-SEP) G cök íi Ab Zg D Ïk nj gva wgk wkÿk cöwkÿy Kg m~wpi gvb Dbœqb I AvaywbKvq bi gva g gva wgk we` vj qi wkÿy-wkl bi gv bvbœqb Kbbv GKgvÎ AvaywbK gvbm úbœ cöwkwÿz wkÿ Ki gva gb gvbm Z wkÿv`vb m e gva wgk wkÿk cöwkÿy Kg m~wpi gv bvbœq b B Zvc~ e mwmc cök íi AvIZvq wegw wkÿvµ g e vck cwiez b mvab Kiv nq cöyqb Kiv nq AvaywbK I wek gv bi wkÿvµg wuwkdavb- mc cök íi D ` v M 2006 mvj _ K G wkÿvµg RvZxq wek we` vj qi gva g mkj mikvwi I emikvwi wuwuwm- Z ev ÍevwqZ n q Q mikv ii wm vší Abymv i GKB mv _ Zv evsjv `k D y³ wek we` vj q (evdwe) `~iwkÿ Yi gva gi ev Íevq bi D ` vm MÖnY Kiv nq G j ÿ 2008 mv j evdwe I wuwkdavb- mc cök íi g a GKwU Pzw³ ^vÿwiz nq G Pzw³ Abyhvqx evsjv `k Db y³ wek we` vj qi zj Ae GWz Kkb wkÿvel _ K GKB wkÿvµ gi Aax b we GW cövmövg cwipvjbv Ki Q ez gv b `~iwkÿ Y wegw cövmöv gi wkÿv_x iv gy LvgywL wegw cövmöv gi wkÿv_x `i mv _ Awfbœ wkÿvµ gi gva g GKB gv bi wegw wwwmö AR b Kivi my hvm cv Q G cövmöv gi GKwU D jøl hvm Ask G cvv mvgmöx ez gv b Dfq avivq GKB cvvmvgmöx Pvjy i q Q zj Ae GWz Kkb Ges wuwkdavb- mc Gi mswkøó Rb K Vvi cwikª gi gva g G cvvmvgmöx cöyqb K i Qb GRb Zuviv cöksmvi `vwe`vi G cvvmvgmöx Z wkÿy-wkl bi AvaywbK I wek gv bi wpšívavivi cöwzdjb NUv bvi cöqvm Pvjv bv n q Q Avkv Kiv n Q Gi gva g evsjv ` k hy Mvc hvmx gvbm úbœ `ÿ wkÿkgðjx ˆZwi Kiv m e n e hviv evsjv ` ki gva wgk wkÿvi gv bvbœq b `ÿ I BwZevPK f~wgkv ivl e cökí cwipvjk wuwkdavb- mc wkÿv gš Yvjq, XvKv Wxb zj Ae GWz Kkb evsjv `k D y³ wek we` vjq

5 cvv wb ` kbv wcöq cöwkÿyv_x, `~iwkÿy gva g wegw cövmöv g fwz niqvi Rb Avcbv K zj Ae GWy Kkb AvšÍwiK Awfb `b Rvbv Q ÔZ_ I hvmv hvm cöhyw³ wkÿy-1õ ebwu zj Ae GWy Kk bi wegw cövmöv gi GKwU ˆbe vpwbk Kvm eb wkÿ Ki mvnvh QvovB Avcbviv hv Z wb R c o ebwu eys Z cv ib mrb Kvm ebwui Avw½K I Dc vcbv cöpwjz cvv eb _ K wkqzuv wfbœ G ebwui cvv e K cuvpwu BDwb U fvm Kiv n q Q cö Z KwU BDwb U Avevi GKvwaK Awa ekb i q Q fwz i mgq Avcbviv mk j ÔÔQvÎ wb ` wkkvõõ msmön K i Qb G Z Avcbv `i Rb cö qvrbxq mkj GKv WwgK I cökvmwbk Z_ ms hvm Kiv n q Q m~wpcî ` L hlb h Ask cö qvrb n e Zv g bv hvm mnkv i co eb EDBN 1533 Kvm eb cvv I Abykxj bi ÿ Î Avcbv `i KiYxq wk? ^wklb c wzi g~j K_vB nj wb R wb R klv, wb Ri Póvq klv A_ vr G c wz Z wkÿv_ x wbr `vwq Z wb Ri myweavg Zv mg q klvi Kv R wb qvwrz nb zj Ae GWy Kkb-Gi wegw cövmöv gi Kvm eb jv ^wklb c wzi ipbv KŠkj AbymiY K i cöyqb Kiv n q Q G Z fvemz HK iÿv K i cv Vi welqe K KZ jv BDwb U fvm Kiv n q Q Avevi BDwbU jv Awa ek b fvm Kiv n q Q (G KvR jv SESIP cökí m úbœ K i Q) cöwzwu Awa ek b welqe wb q wkqy wklb KvR `Iqv n q Q hv wkÿv_ x K wpšív Kivi ev aviyv MV bi my hvm `q cöwzwu Awa ekb k l ÔÔg~j wklbxqõõ welq As k welqe K we ÍvwiZfv e Av jvpbv Kiv n q Q wkÿv_ xiv G Ask cvv K i Zuvi c~ e i aviyv wgwj q wb q wb Ri Dbœqb Ki Z cv i cöwzwu Awa ek b cöwzwu c e K qkwu K i g~j vqb Kvh vewj Av Q G jv me Abykxjb Ki Z n e, GKvKx ev `jmzfv e ebwu Z h mg Í wb ` kbvg~jk wpý e eüz n q Q m jv n jv : Avewk K cvv m ve DËi wb R Kiæb/wjLyb cv VvËi g~j vqb g b ivl eb, eb jv c o hv Z cöwkÿyv_ x Ges cöwkÿk/wudui Df qb DcK Z n Z cv ib mr b welqe mn me BDwb UB cöwzwu Awa ekb K qkwu ce AvKv i Dc vcb Kiv n q Q wb R c o GKvKx ev `jmzfv e wudu ii mnvqzvq KvR Kivi Dc hvmx K i KvR mwbœ ek Kiv n q Q cöwzwu c e cvv-mnvqk Kg m~wp GB ebwu QvovI zj Ae GWy Kkb-Gi mvwe K ZË veav b Av qvwrz wegw vww m Uv i Avcbvi Rb cöwz gv m GKwU wbw` ó msl K wud Uvwiqvj Awa ek bi e e v i q Q Gme Awa ekb hvm w` q Avcwb ebwui Kvb Ask ev Awa ekb co Z wm q Kvb mgm vq co j m wel q wudu ii KvQ _ K cö qvrbxq civgk I wb ` kbv MÖnY Ki Z cv ib ebwu wb R GKevi g bv hvm mnkv i ch eÿy K i wb Pi QK Abyhvqx wvk K i wbb Avcbviv Kvb Awa ekb GKv N i e m co eb Ges KvbwU `jmzfv e wudu ii ZË veav b vww K `ª co eb

6 wud Uvwiqvj Awa ek bi mvaviy Kg m~wp wbgœiƒc : 1g ïµ m~pbv mkb 1g wm g vi (gvm wfwëk) cö_g gvm wøzxq gvm Z Zxq gvm 2q 3q 4_ 1g 2q 3q 4_ 1g 2q 3q 4_ ïµ ïµ ïµ ïµ ïµ ïµ ïµ ïµ ïµ ïµ ïµ K K L* L* K K M* L* K K N* 1g ïµ PZz_ gvm câg gvm lô gvm 2q 3q 4_ 1g 2q 3q 4_ ïµ ïµ ïµ ïµ ïµ ïµ ïµ L* K K N* L* K K N* wud Uvwiqvj Awa ekb, P~ovš cixÿv I cvv`vb Abykxjb 1g ïµ m~pbv mkb 1g ïµ 2q wm g vi (gvm wfwëk) GwcÖj g Ryb 2q 3q 4_ 1g 2q 3q 4_ 1g 2q 3q 4_ ïµ ïµ ïµ ïµ ïµ ïµ ïµ ïµ ïµ ïµ ïµ K K M* L* K K N* L* K K N* PZz_ gvm câg gvm lô gvm 2q 3q 4_ 1g 2q 3q 4_ ïµ ïµ ïµ ïµ ïµ ïµ ïµ L* K K N* L* K K cvv`vb Abykxjb I Af šíixy g~j vqb * K = welq wfwëk wud Uvwiqvj mkb; * L = cvv`vb Abykxjb Iwi q Ukb; * M = cvv`vb Abykxjb; * N = cvv`vb Abykxjb I avivevwnk g~j vqb; (**) Kvm ipbv `j n Z Avgiv Avcbv `i me v½xb mvdj Kvgbv KiwQ wud Uvwiqvj Awa ekb, P~ovšÍ cixÿv I cvv`vb Abykxjb

7 m~wpcî BDwbU Awa ekb welqe c ôv 1 gva wgk wkÿvµ g Z_ I hvmv hvm cöhyw³ (ICT) 09 1 ICT I ICT wkÿv wk? 11 2 beg-`kg kªyx Z Z_ I hvmv hvm cöhyw³ (ICT) wkÿvµ gi f~wgkv beg I `kg kªyxi gva wgk ICT wkÿvµg 21 3 gva wgk ICT wkÿvµg: wel qi jÿ I D Ïk 23 4 ICT wkÿvµ gi welq KvVv gv : jÿ I D Ïk 29 5 welq KvVv gv: wklbdj, cvv cwimi 35 6 beg-`kg kªyxi ICT wkÿvµ gi welqe i we køly : 45 cvv m~wp I cvv cȳ ÍK 7 beg-`kg kªyxi Kw úduvi wkÿv wkÿvµ gi welqe i 50 we køly : gvb hvpvb I cixÿv cökœcî 8 ICT cwiwpwz, mdu&iq vi I ^Ë vwakvi 55 9 cövz wnk Rxe b ICT gvwëwgwwqv I ICT RvwjKv ms hvm I ICT cövmövwgs welqe i wekvkgvb I hšw³kµg wpwýzkiy ešw K SuywK I mvgvwrk cöwÿz we epbvq welqe i kªyx wefvrb 88 djcöm~ wkÿy cwikíbvq ICT wkÿvµ gi Ae vb ICT cvv cȳ Í Ki wkÿvµ gi Ae vb m úwk Z cixÿv-wbixÿv ICT- Z wkÿy-wklb cwikíbvi we ep w`kmg~n ICT wkÿy-gi Rb GKwU cwikíbv KvVv gv 109

8 BDwbU Awa ekb welqe c ôv 4 5 wkÿvµ gi welqwfwëk wkÿy c wzi Avwe vi we` vj q ICT wkÿy wkl bi cwi ek m wó KiY ckvmz welqvejx _ K AviwnZ aviyv I `ÿzvi 125 e envwik wbf ikxjzv 20 ICT Z AskMÖnYg~jK wkÿy-wkl bi Kjv KŠkj I 130 `ÿzvmg~n 21 cv Vi avivevwnkzv iÿv _ GKK cwikíbv I BDwbU 139 cwikíbv 22 cvv cwikíbv cöyqb wkÿvµ gi wkqy mywbw` ó wel qi Dci wkÿ Yi cwikíbv 168 cöyqb 24 AYywkÿY (Micro Teaching) QÙ wkÿy (Simulation) djvez b (Feed back)-gi gva g wewfbœ wklb Kvh µg I wklb c wz cö qvm Kiv 27 cwikíbv, AskMÖnY I wklbdj cöwzdj bi gva g wkÿy Kvh KvwiZvi g~j vqb wkÿy-wklb mvgmöx I DcKiY msmön I Dbœqb ICT wkÿvi Dc hvmx wkÿy-wklb DcKiY `y cövc mvgmöx Ges ^ícövc miävgmn m ú` e e vcbv I msiÿy ^íg~ j i wkÿy-wklb DcKiY webvg~ j i wkÿv DcKiY Ab vb ICT welqk cvv cȳ ÍK Ab vb wkÿy-wklb mvgmöx : wfwwi, wuwf I B Uvi bu 235

9 BDwbU-1 gva wgk wkÿvµ g Z_ I hvmv hvm cöhyw³ (ICT) Awa ekb-1 : ICT I ICT wkÿv wk? Awa ekb-2 : beg-`kg kªyx Z Z_ I hvmv hvm cöhyw³ (ICT) wkÿvµ gi f~wgkv

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