Seismicity in Pennsylvania and the Pennsylvania State Seismic Network (PASEIS)

Transcription

1 Seismicity in Pennsylvania and the Pennsylvania State Seismic Network (PASEIS) Andy Nyblade and Kyle Homman Department of Geosciences, Penn State University April 4, 2017 PresentaIon made to the Geophysical Society of PiJsburgh

2 IntroducIon Review of seismicity in PA Review of seismic networks in PA Seismicity in Pennsylvania Building the Pennsylvania State Seismic Network (PASEIS) Event detecion and locaion PASEIS web site

3 Earthquakes in NE United States and Canada N Earthquakes Seismographic stations 48 N 46 N 44 N 42 N 40 N 38 N Earthquake magnitudes N km 84 W 80 W 76 W 72 W 68 W 64 W Earthquake locations by the Lamont Cooperative Seismographic Network, US Geological Survey and the Geological Survey of Canada. June 2010, Won-Young Kim, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, <

4 news/2004/story b.html) Armbruster and Seeber (1987)

5 Permanent seismic staions in PA through 2015 USGS NaIonal Network (2 staions) Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory CooperaIve Seismic Network (LCSN) (supported as a regional network by the USGS) (6 staions) IniIal 10 PASEIS staions USGS and LCSN StaIons

6 History of building a PA state seismic network Establishment of the first 6 permanent PASEIS staions DCNR (data archived and distributed using the PE Network code) 2009 Carbon sequestraion technical assessment - DCNR 25 portable seismic sta0ons 2010 Purchase of 4 USArray staions from IRIS DCNR 2013 Earthquake monitoring during USArray - DCNR Support for temporary network to densify the USArray network, develop seismicity catalog 2015 Expand the 10-staIon permanent network to 30 staions and provide seismic event informaion DCNR and DEP

7 USArray

8 StaIons 2/2013 to 6/ K52A 80 ERPA L53A L54A K54A K55A K56A K57A K58A K59A L55A L56A L57A BINY L58A PACH PALR ALLY PAHC PALW M53A M54A M55A M59A PAHR M52A M57A KSPA M60A M56A PAMG PACF PSWB M58A PAPL N54A PSDB PARB N56A PANP N52A N53A N58A N55A WRPS N60A N59A N61A N57A PARC PAYC PSAL PALB PASW LUPA SSPA O53A UPAO O59A O60A O55A O56A PAGS PATY O57A O54A FMPA PAMC PSUF O58A TUPA PASH PARS PACW PAPG PSUB O61A MVL MCWV P61A P53A P56A P60A P54A P59A P55A P57A P58A L59A 74 L60A component high quality (broadband) staions Recording coninuously Q53A Q54A Q55A Q56A Q57A Q58A Q59A Q60A Q61A TA PE GSN PASEIS LD 74

9 PA seismicity 2/2013 to 06/2015 (from Kyle Homman s MS thesis, PSU) Average number of staions used for each event: 10 Minimum number of staions used was events with 1544 located in Pennsylvania

10 ML 76 Historical Historical

11 Local magnitudes range from 1.0 to 2.9 Magnitudes and Depths Catalog is complete to magnitude 1.8 Depths mostly < 1 km

12 Mine or Quarry Blasts Mine Blasts 76

13 Non-mining events M L 76

14 Are there spaial and temporal correlaions with well acivity? Non-mining events ProducIon wells (2013/2015) InjecIon wells -No correla<on has been found with either injec<on wells or fracked wells for the <me period

15 Summary of findings: 1530 mining related events 14 Non-mining events they are all probably tectonic earthquakes M L Historical 2/2013-6/2015

16 PASEIS Station Map Sept PACH PALR PAMP 42 PSSH PAMR PSBV UPAO PAOC PACF IUPA PAKS PSDB PSAL PABK PAKC PABE WRPS PALB PAGS PSWB PAHR PSSK PSBK PAPL 40 PARS PSUF PASH PACW PSMA PSUB

17 Equipment RefTek RT130 Datalogger Guralp CMG3T seismometer Nanometrics Compact Trillium seismometer GPS Clock Broadband 3-component seismometers

18 Basement deployments mostly at university locaions

19 Outside vault deployments mostly at state park locaions

20 Technical specificaions; Network code = PE hcp://ds.iris.edu/mda/pe

21 Overview of network List of staion names, locaions, and start Imes

22 View some of the data Informa<on on how to request the data

23 Open broadband seismic staions in PA with near real-ime telemetry 30 staions in the PASEIS network 6 staions operated by LCSN (LD) 2 staions operated by the USGS (US) 4 staions in the CEUSN network operated by IRIS/USGS ERPA PACH ALLY PAOC M55A PSSH PAMR PSBV UPAO O54A PACF PSDB IUPA PSAL PAKS PABK PSUF PASH PARS PAMP PALR KSPA PAKC M57A PSWB PAPL PABE PAHR WRPS N58A PSSK SSPA PALB PSBK PAGS PACW FMPA PSMA MVL LUPA TUPA PSUB PASEIS CEUSN LD US 76

24 Sta<ons used to detect and locate seismic events by PASEIS (71 total)

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26 Earthworm Process AutomaIc detecion and locaion of seismic events Arrival Ime picks (P and S waves) STA/LTA algorithm Frequency band algorithm LocaIon Alerts HYPOINVERSE code with velocity model for PA Records event informaion and sends alerts

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28 Analysis of Automa<c Loca<ons Determine whether an event is real or a false detecion Use informaion on alert Waveform characterisics LocaIon of staions LocaIon of event (near to known mine?) If there is any indicaion that the event might not be a false detecion, then the event is manually relocated

29 Manual Event Loca<ons Pull data from Earthworm server Refine arrival Ime picks by hand using SEISAN Relocate event using HYPOINVERSE and same velocity model as used for automaic soluion Add event informaion to database and post on the website

30 Example P- and S-wave arrival Ime picks from SEISAN P wave VerIcal Component S wave North-South Component East-West Component

31 Alert received for Magnitude 2.2 earthquake near Titusville PA on April 18, 2016

32 What do the data look like? (Chapman State Park) PACH Magnitude 2.2 Time: 2016/04/18 06:34:40 local Depth 3.3 miles (5.2 km) Near Titusville, PA Displacement (microns) 0.2 Pennsylvania PACH HHZ APR 18 (109), :34: Pennsylvania PACH HHE APR 18 (109), :34: Pennsylvania PACH HHN APR 18 (109), :34: P wave S wave VerIcal East-west North-south Figure courtesy of C. Ammon Time (s) 1 micron = millimeter

33 Example of an alert for a Teleseismic earthquake (a distant, M > 5 earthquake)

34 Example of an alert for a false detecion on cultural noise (most alerts look like this!)

35 Example alert for a mining blast. Note characterisic long period surface wave.

36 alert for one of the Lawrence County events on April 25, 2016.

37 (hjp://paseis.geosc.psu.edu)

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39 Acknowledgments Support for PASEIS comes from DCNR (Bureau of Topographic and Geologic Survey) and DEP IRIS provides data management (data archiving and distribuion)