Egyptian National Seismological Network (ENSN) and its Roles for Monitoring the Seismic Activity

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1 Egyptian National Seismological Network (ENSN) and its Roles for Monitoring the Seismic Activity Seismologist at National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics (NRIAG), Egypt

2 Outlines: ENSN Overview (What is ENSN) ENSN Activities Challenges and problems ENDC Activities. National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics, Helwan,Cairo,Egypt

3 ENSN Overview ENSN is consists of: - One Main center and five sub-centers - 87 stations distributed all over Egypt (17 broadband stations + 70 short period stations) - Seismometer type: Trillium (240, 120,40), SS1, STS, L4C) - Software used for seismic analysis: Atlas, Dan,Hydra, seiscomp3. The distribution of ENSN stations

4 Taurus model Trillium 40 model STS2 model

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6 Analysis of seismic waveform data

7 Strong Motion Accelerometer Network (SMA) The aim of this Network : 1-Seismic hazard assessment for some regions. 2-Determination the most important parameters (PGA, PGV and PGD) that will be useful for engineering purposes.

8 ENSN Activities

9 Monitoring the Local and Regional Earthquakes The Egypt is bounded by tectonic elements: The Red Sea plate margin, African-Eurasia plate the Levant transform fault.

10 Seismicity map from (Data 10 from ENSN) Monitoring the seismic activity and seismic sources Seismicity is the distribution of earthquakes in a given area and their characteristics within a particular region. The territory of Egypt is characterized by a moderate seismic activity and by the occurrence of small to moderate intra-plate events, while the large events generally take place farther east, along the northern Red Sea or Gulf of Aqaba, and to the north, offshore the Mediterranean Sea and toward Crete and Cyprus.

11 Active Seismic Zones in and around Egypt:- 1- Coastal Zone:- This seismic zone is characterized by moderate seismic activity. Seismic activity of coastal zone of Egypt 11

12 2-Gulf of Suez seismic zone: Generally, the Gulf of Suez is characterized by low to moderate seismic activity except for its southern part near the junction. Seismic activity of Gulf of Suez 12

13 3- Gulf of Aqaba-Dead Sea seismic zone:- The Gulf of Aqaba has been affected by many destructive earthquakes. It is considered one of the most active seismic zones in Egypt. Seismic activity of Gulf of Suez 13

14 4-Dahshour seismic zone: This seismic zone is characterized by the occurrence of small to moderate magnitude earthquakes. it is considered as a relatively low seismic active zone compared to other inland areas in Egypt such as Aswan or Cairo-Suez district. The recent earthquake of 1992, October 12,is the most damaging event to be occurred in this zone., although its moderate magnitude(m b 5.8). Seismic activity of Dahshour area 14

15 5- Cairo-Suez District Zone: The Cairo-Suez shear zone represents the major seismic active inland tectonic trend in Egypt. This zone occupies two seismic active spots corresponding to Wadi Hagul and Abu Hammed; respectively. seismicity map of the Cairo-Suez district zone (Iman et al.2010) 15

16 6-Aswan seismic zone:- Aswan is one of the most important areas in Egypt. It contains Aswan High Dam (which considered as a unique structure among irrigation and electric power projects in the world), Nasser Lake (the world's second largest reservoir) and a lot of historical temples. This seismic zone is the source of the November 14, 1981 earthquake (M L 5.5) which caused considerable damages to Aswan Area. Kalabsha, Kurkur and Khour El Ramla faults are the main reasons of the seismic activity in this zone. Seismic activity of Aswan seismic zone 16

17 Other activists Monitoring the quarry and mining blasts (explosions) from cement company. The seismic hazard assessment for different regions and ground motion simulation. Shallow seismic refraction survey for different important projects (new capital city and Suez Canal).

18 Challenges (Needs) Other seismic survey (seismic reflection survey) Marine sonar and marine survey.

19 ENDC Activities Seismic Primary Array Seismic Primary 3-comp Station Seismic Auxiliary Array Seismic Auxiliary 3-comp Station Hydroacoustic (hydrophone) Station Hydroacoustic (T-phase) Station Infrasound Station Radionuclide Station Radionuclide Lab

20 Discriminate between Earthquakes and Nuclear Explosions (Ex;DPRK (North Korea) 2009) Crete, _ DPRK Explosion _ National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics, Helwan,Cairo,Egypt

21 Thank you for your attention