Geological Field Trips to Iranian Outcrops in ZAGROS BASIN

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Hector Holland
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1 National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC) Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI) presents: Geological Field Trips to Iranian Outcrops in ZAGROS BASIN For detail information please visit: To register, please contact RIPI training department (+98 21) URL:

2 In the Name of God Research Institute of Petroleum Industry Geological Field Trips to Iranian Outcrops in ZAGROS BASIN (Information regarding geo tours to central Iran Basin Alborz Ranges follows soon ) Center for Exploration Production Studies Research To register, please contact RIPI training Department: (+98 21) URL: asiligh@ripi.ir

3 CENTER FOR EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION STUDIES AND RESEARCH This center, which conducts a wide spectrum of studies research in upstream, is an essential pillar of Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI). The center was first established in 1961 under the name of Petroleum Engineering Laboratories situated in Rey Industrial Complex. After the glorious Islamic Revolution particular attention was paid to exploration production in 1988 the Laboratories were reorganized upgraded to its present status. Then, after recruiting qualified experts acquiring new equipment, modern hardware software, the center entered a new era of studies applied research providing to oil gas development projects on a national basis scientific services consultations. At present, the center constitutes four institutes including Production Recovery, Reservoir, Drilling Technology EOR, as well as the Exploration Production Division, made up of Reservoir Geology, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Drilling Mud Cement, Core Analysis, PVT Reservoir modeling simulation departments. The studies research cover broad areas including: Petroleum system basin analysis Reservoir geology sequence stratigraphy Reservoir geophysics Processing seismic interpretation Integrated reservoir study Enhanced production EOR Drilling fluid rheology Reservoir simulation characterization 1

4 Iran Geo Tours Iran is a fascinating country not only from geological point of view but also for its diverse cultural heritage inherited from over 3000 years of history. There are many interesting historical places in Iran like Shoosh (near Ahwaz) once the capital city before Islam is also the resting place of prophet Daniel. Hamedan Perspolis (near Shiraz) were also capital cities dating back to 2500 years ago. Hamedan, in the west of Iran in the north of Zagros mountains boasts Alisadr cave (75 Km from Hamedan), a most spectacular natural formation. A one- a half hour boat trip on the transparent clean water through the endless networks of caves will leave you filled with awe admiration for the magnificent stalactites stalagmites. Bistoon, Taq-e-bostan Temple of Anahita are historical monuments of Kermanshah city. Other places of interest from a cultural heritage point of view are sights historical monuments in Isfahan Shiraz located in central Iran. Geological Regions: Two large mountain ranges- The Zagros Mountains in the south the Alborz Mountains in the north divide Iran into three geologically different regions: the Zagros range, the central Iranian region the Alborz range. 2

5 The Zagros Mountains The Zagros Mountain ranges dominate western Iran. There are several mountain ranges, many peaks higher than 3000 m. The highest single mountain is Zard Kuh at an elevation of 4584m. Snow is common in winter many mountain peaks are covered with snow even through the summer. A large proportion of Iran s oil reserves are found in the vast reservoirs that lie under the Zagros Mountain belt, which stretches almost 1770 km from Turkey to the Gulf of Oman crossing most parts of Iran. A northwest-southeast trending belt of crushed sediment referred to as the crush zone, runs from the western end of Lorestan to the area northeast of Minab, marks the northeastern limit of the Zagros range. The area immediately southeast of the crush zone is intensely folded faulted. The sediments exposed here are generally of Mesozoic age. The intensity of folding gradually decreases towards the Persian Gulf where younger rocks are seen in outcrop. The large-scale, fold--thrust structures of the Zagros Mountains indicate periods of intense compression deformation. These major mountainbuilding episodes (or orogenies) created most of the anticlinal structures where oil gas have accumulated. The central Iranian region Located between the major mountain ranges of northern southern Iran, the central portion of the country contains oil gas in large surface anticlines. These structures occur in the Oligocene-Miocene Qom limestone shale sequence. The Alborz Serajeh fields contain relatively complex structural reservoirs that have been controlled by thrust faults salt movement. In Alborz field, the Qom formation changes rapidly from reef limestone to inter-reef marl over very short distances, but the productive interval in the reservoir is a few hundred meters thick. The Alborz Mountains, northeast basin Caspian Seal The Alborz Mountains lie between the south Caspian basin the Arabian- Eurasian suture zone. Oil gas exploration in the northeastern part of Iran is centered on the Sarakhs area. The thick accumulation of marine sediments the absence of volcanic activity, which could interfere with hydrocarbon accumulation maturation, have attracted the attention of petroleum geologists for years. Khangiran Gonbadli fields are among the most important accumulation in this part of the country. Beyond the northern coast of Iran, attention is turning to the oil gas potential of the Caspian Sea. The geology of the Caspian Sea is not well known generally assumed to be similar to that of the Former Soviet State of Azerbaijan. 3

6 Trip NO 1 Visiting Area Accessible Formations Place of stay Proposed Time Tange Pabdeh Asmari, Pabdeh, Gurpi, Ilam Ahwaz March, April, November, December Distance from Hotel to field Area Means of Transport Tour Leaders 120 km By AIR/car N. Eftekhari And 1 Kuhe-Khaviz Tang-e Takab Asmari, Pabdeh, Gurpi Behbahan March, April, November, December 30 km N. Eftekhari And Kuhe-Rish Tang-e Maghar Kuhe Mish Tang-Gorgtdar Dariyan, Kazhdumi, Sarvak Asmari, Pabdeh,Gurpi,Ilam, Sarvall, Kazhdumi Dariyan N. Kabir Kuhe, Area Gachsaran, Pabdeh, Gurpi, Ilam, Sarvak, Garau Gachsaran Ilam 40 km N.Eftekhari 30 km N.Eftekhari April, May, June, October, November 65 km N. Eftekhari 2 S. Kabir Kuh Area Asmari, Pabdeh, Tale zang, Gurpi, Sarvak Andimeshk Aprill, May, October, November 80 km N. Eftekhari 2 Anjir Kuh Pabdeh, Gurpi, Ilam, Surgah, Sarvak Ilam 30 km N. Eftekhari 3 Oshteran Kuh Permian, Nyriz, Surme, Fahlyan, Dariyan, Bangestan, Radyolarit Aligoodarz April- November 60 km N. Eftekhari 4

7 Trip NO 3 4 Visiting Area Accessible Formations Place of stay Proposed Time Ghali Kuh Khoramabad Permian, Nyriz, Surmeh, Garau, Sargalu As, Sh, Ka, Tal.Am,Gu Khoramabad Distance from Hotel to field Area Means of Transport Tour Leaders Aprill- November 85 km N. Eftekhari 80 km N. Eftekhari Kuhe Surmeh Kuhe Faraghan Kuhe Gahkum Ord, Sil,Perm.Tr,Ju Ord.Sil,Perm,Trias Sil, Perm, Trias Farashbarnd or Camping Bar Abbas April, May,Nov.,Dec. 100 km N. Eftekhari February, March 100 km N. Eftekhari And M.Allahyari 150 km N. Eftekhari And As= Asmari Fm. Sh= Shahbazan Fm. Ka= Kashkan Fm. Tal= Tale zang Fm. Am= Amiran Fm. Gu= Gurpi Fm. Ord= Ordovician Sil= Silurian Perm= Permian Tr=Triasic Ju=Jurassic 5

Field Trip #1 Stratigraphy structural study of Tertiary Cretaceous rocks in SW Zagros (Khuzestan Area) Proposed Time: March / April or November / December Tour Leaders: N.

8 Field Trip #1 Stratigraphy structural study of Tertiary Cretaceous rocks in SW Zagros (Khuzestan Area) Proposed Time: March / April or November / December Tour Leaders: N. Eftekhari Capacity: people This field trip will give participants an opportunity to visit the excellent Outcrops of Asmari Limestone Fm. (Oligo Miocene) Pabdeh shale Fm. (Eocene Oligocene), Gurpi shale Fm. (Campanian-Mastrichition) Ilam Limestone Fm. (Santonian-Campanian), Sarvak Limestone Fm. (Albian Turonian), Kazhdumi shale Fm. (Aptian) Daryan Limestone Fm (Aptian) Field Trip Schedule: Day (1): Excursion to Tang-e Pabdeh about 100 km N-Ahwaz. Night accommodation will be in Behbahan city: Day (2): Excursion to Tang- e Maghar (Kuh- e Rish). 30 km Nw Behbahan Day (3): Excursion to Tang-e Gorgdar (Kuh-e Mish). 70km East Behbahan Day (4): Excursion to Tang-e Takab (Kuh-e Khaviz). 15 km N Behbahan Tang-e Maghar 30 km NW Behbahan City 6

Field Trip #2 Classic outcrops of marine sedimentary rocks of Late Cretaceous Early Tertiary (Ilam-W Zagros Area) Proposed Time: April, May, June, October, November Tour Leaders: N.

9 Field Trip #2 Classic outcrops of marine sedimentary rocks of Late Cretaceous Early Tertiary (Ilam-W Zagros Area) Proposed Time: April, May, June, October, November Tour Leaders: N.Eftekhari Capacity: people This field trip will give participants an opportunity to visit the excellent outcrops of Gachsaran, Asmari, Pabdeh, Tal-e-Zang, Gurpi, Illam, Sarvak Garau formations (Miocene- lower Cretaceous) located near Illam city: Day (1): Excursion to NW Kabir kuh Area about 70 km South of Illam city Day (2): Excursion to NE Kabir kuh Area about 70km Southwest of Illam city Day (3): Excursion to Tang-e Majeen about 150 km south of Illam city Day (4): Excursion to Anjir Kuh Area about 30 km south of Illam city Sarvak Formation in Tange Chenarbashi NE of Kabir Kuh 7

Field Trip #3 Stratigraphy structural investigation of Terriasic-Teriary Rocks in the Zagros (Lorestan) Aligodarz area. Proposed Time: April or November Tour Leaders: N.

10 Field Trip #3 Stratigraphy structural investigation of Terriasic-Teriary Rocks in the Zagros (Lorestan) Aligodarz area. Proposed Time: April or November Tour Leaders: N. Eftekhari Capacity: About people This field trip will give participants an opportunity to visit the excellent outcrops of Eocene limestone, radiolarit, Bangestan Group, Dariyan, Fahlyan, Garau, Sargelu, Surmeh, Nyriz formations. (Eocene- Triasic) Field trip schedule from Aligoodarz city: Day (1): Excursion to Oshteran kuh about 60 km south Aligoodarz. Day (2): Excursion to Tang-e- Shenak about 80km SE of Aligoodarz city. Day (3):Excursion to Abe-sefid waterfall that is in Permian Limestone dolomites. Abe- sefid water fall in Permian rocks (Lorestan area) 8

11 Field Trip #3 (Continued) Tang-e Shanak (Ghali Kuh) Garau, Sargelu Surmeh formation 9

Field Trip #4 Classic outcrops of marine sedimentary Rocks of upper Cretaceous Miocene in West Zagros (Khoramabad) Proposed Time: April November Tour Leaders: N.

12 Field Trip #4 Classic outcrops of marine sedimentary Rocks of upper Cretaceous Miocene in West Zagros (Khoramabad) Proposed Time: April November Tour Leaders: N. Eftekhari Capacity: people One-day field trip will give participants an opportunity to visit the excellent outcrops of Asmari limestone Shahabzan, Kashkan, Tal-e- Zang, Amiran Gurpi Formations (Miocene- upper Cretaceous), located about 80Km south of Khoramabad. Ma moolan Section: From top to bottom, Asmari, Shahbazan, Kashkan, Tal-e- Zang, Amiran, Gurpi Formations 10

Field Trip #5 Classic outcrops of marine sedimentary Rocks from Ordovician Jurassic in south Fars (Kuhe Surmeh, Zagros mountain) Proposed Time: April, May, November, December Tour Leaders: N.

13 Field Trip #5 Classic outcrops of marine sedimentary Rocks from Ordovician Jurassic in south Fars (Kuhe Surmeh, Zagros mountain) Proposed Time: April, May, November, December Tour Leaders: N. Eftekhari Capacity: About people This field trip will give participants an opportunity to visit the excellent outcrops of Ordovician, Permian, Triassic, Jurassic Cretaceous marine sedimentary Rocks. Field trip schedule from Farashb city or Camping near Dehram. Day (1): Excursion to west side of Kuh-e-Surmeh Day (2): Excursion to East side of Kuh-e-Surmeh Day (3): Excursion to Jehani salt plug Jehani Salt Plug, West of Kuh-e Surmeh 11

Field Trip#6 Classic outcrops of marine sedimentary rocks from Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian Permian in South- East of Zagros (Bar Abbas Area) Proposed Time: February, March Tour Leaders: N.

14 Field Trip#6 Classic outcrops of marine sedimentary rocks from Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian Permian in South- East of Zagros (Bar Abbas Area) Proposed Time: February, March Tour Leaders: N.Eftekhari Capacity: people This field trip will give participants an opportunity to visit the excellent outcrops of Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Permian, marine sedimentary Rocks. Field trip schedule from Bar Abbas city: Day (1): Excursion to Tang-e Zakin (Kuh-e faraghan) 100 km North of Bar Abbas Day (2): Excursion to Kuh-e Gahkum 150 km north of Bar Abbas Day (3): Excursion to salt plug North of Bar Abbas Section showing a complete sequence from Paleozoic to Mesozoic 12

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