Geology (Mellow) Hike, Santa Lucia Memorial Park February 16, I. Overview of Santa Lucia Range geology and tectonic history

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1 Geology (Mellow) Hike, Santa Lucia Memorial Park February 16, 2015 I. Overview of Santa Lucia Range geology and tectonic history A. Basement Rocks 1. Salinian Block Rocks Sierra Nevada Type, continental volcanic mountain rocks 2. Coastal or Nacimiento Block Rocks Franciscan ocean subduction wedge rocks, mélange 3. Continental Terrane, Microplates captured by the Pacific plate miles movement NW ~ 60 MYA, subduction SE, reverse movement SLR NW by Sur thrust fault miles movement by the SAF beginning ~25 MYA to present B. Current Range Height Developed in last 5 MY Transpressive (compressive) caused by the big bend of the SAF. II. Hike Geology Points of Interest: Ref A B C D E F Laurel Creek Wash SLT intersection Watershed Divide Sandstone Cliff Marsh Spring Description Ice age (Tioga, Tahoe) older alluvial gravels deposited, washed down from the SW face of Junipero Serra Peak, elevation 5857 feet. Look for Cone Peak type rocks of granite, marble, schist, gneiss. Vaqueros Sandstone Miocene age marine shallow water sandstone located both west and east of Indian Adobe; Monterey shale (biogenic deep ocean chert) is also in ridges east of the Indian adobe. Laurel Canyon upper floodplain narrows upstream, steep sided canyon, brush covered outcrops of Monterey shale to north. May be possible to see Reverse fault separating Salinian granite + metasedimentary rocks from the younger marine sediments of sandstone and chert Crest between the Arroyo Seco and San Antonio river drainages. Crest Rocks are generally Vaqueros sandstone capped by lowermost Monterey rocks. Ice age Laurel Creek and Roosevelt Creek merged to wash the crest clean of soil and expose the beautiful rock formations for further wind erosion. ice age, fossil water fall from wetter ice age climate of Tioga and Tahoe glaciation s (when there was 2000 feet of snow on top of the Sierra Nevada and a very wet SLR Mountain climate) water collection of spring water in a pocket basin formed in Vaqueros sandstone rock by ice age flood waters water seepage from shallow permeable alluvial deposits on top of the less permeable Vaqueros sandstone 1

2 Ref G H White Twisty Rock Layer Massive Sandstone Formation Description ~300 MY twisty marble seen on north wall of the Roosevelt Creek. Reverse fault (compressive) separates younger ocean basin sediments from the Salinian basement rocks Marine sandstone (~45 to 55 MY old) deposited on top of 60 MY Panoche formation ocean clay (shale) to west. Eastward the Reliz canyon middle shale s are located either side of Milpitas road 2

3 Rock Unit Name Laurel Canyon Gravel Mellow Rock Stratigraphy (top to Bottom) Age of Formation ~ 11,000 to 100,000 Years Epoch / Period Pleistocene Paleo Environment Ice Age, Tioga, Tahoe glacial periods Monterey Shale ~ MY Upper Miocene Deep Ocean, biogenic sediment Vaqueros Sandstone ~ MY Lower Miocene Shallow Marine Berry Sandstone ~ MY Oligocene Marine, also conglomerate, clay shale s Reliz Sandstone ~ MY Upper Eocene Marine arkosic sandstone, shale in middle Massive Sandstone ~ MY Mid to Lower Eocene Panoche Shale ~65 75 MY Period - Late Cretaceous Marine, continental shelf sediments Deep ocean clay mud Plutonic Basement ~ MY Period - Cretaceous Hot - Melted Continent intrusions into Paleozoic & Mesozoic rocks Franciscan Basement ~ MY Period - Jurassic Cool - Ocean Plate Subduction Wedge Sur Series Rocks ~ MY Period Triassic to Devonian Ocean sediments metamorphosed into: Marble, schist, gneiss, slate 3

4 Geology Cartoons Steep Subduction Model 4

5 Regional Geology, Basement Rocks 1. Salinian Block Rocks Sierra Nevada Type, continental volcanic mountain rocks, pink color 2. Coastal or Nacimiento Block Rocks Franciscan ocean subduction wedge rocks, mélange or mixed, green color 5

6 Big Picture Cross Section 6

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