Lecture 2: Basin evolution in NW Europe in the Carboniferous: past legacies and plate tectonics. Links to North American geology and global controls
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1 Lecture 2: Basin evolution in NW Europe in the Carboniferous: past legacies and plate tectonics. Links to North American geology and global controls on sedimentation.
2 Aims Examine broad global setting Plate tectonics and continental configuration Link NW European and North American events in Carboniferous Examine global Carboniferous climates
3 County Clare DOMINATED by Carboniferous age rocks
4
5 Carboniferous Nomenclature and Ages Myr Timescale from Gradstein et al., 2004
6 The Global Picture Carboniferous was period of formation of the supercontinent Pangaea (means all lands ) Need to consider formation and how it influenced areas we ll examine Animation from Berkeley plate tectonics site:
7 Pangaea breakup to present day But how did Pangaea come together?
8 Images from Christopher Scotese s Paleomap site:
9 Images from Christopher Scotese s Paleomap site:
10 Images from Christopher Scotese s Paleomap site:
11 Images from Christopher Scotese s Paleomap site:
12 Images from Christopher Scotese s Paleomap site:
13 Images from Christopher Scotese s Paleomap site:
14 Images from Christopher Scotese s Paleomap site:
15 Images from Christopher Scotese s Paleomap site:
16 A bit more Ordovician-Devonian detail Extensive Iapetus Ocean Avalonia beginning to separate from Gondwana Panthalassa subduction Images from Christopher Scotese s Paleomap site:
17 Iapetus Ocean starts to close Rheic Ocean begins to widen Continued Panthalassa subduction Subduction on northern Gondwana margin Images from Christopher Scotese s Paleomap site:
18 Baltica and Laurentia collide Gondwana and Laurentia collide (Acadian) Continued Panthalassa subduction Westerrn subduction east of Baltica (Urals) Images from Christopher Scotese s Paleomap site:
19 Why look at this Ordovician-Devonian in more detail? The closure of the Iapetus Ocean left a series of major Caledonian lineaments that are broadly SW-NE oriented within the British Isles The lineaments created a framework for later basins These lineaments were reactivated later during the evolution of the NW European Carboniferous basins
20 Ron Blakey s Paleogeography website
21 Ron Blakey s Paleogeography website
22 Ron Blakey s Paleogeography website
23 Ron Blakey s Paleogeography website
24 Ron Blakey s Paleogeography website
25 Ron Blakey s Paleogeography website
26 Ron Blakey s Paleogeography website
27 Summary tectonic paths and paleolatitudes for British Isles From Woodcock and Strachan, 2000
28 Major tectonic events The closure of the Iapetus Ocean in the Caledonian orogeny The closure of the Rheic Ocean in the Hercynian or Variscan orogeny: this occurred at the end of the fill of the Western Irish Namurian Basin It is the imprint of the Variscan orgeny that we see in the rocks of Western Ireland today, with the deformation in these Carboniferous decreasing from south - north
29 Paleoclimates Images from Christopher Scotese s Paleomap site:
30 Paleoclimates Images from Christopher Scotese s Paleomap site:
31 Large-scale controls on sedimentation Tectonic framework determined source (provenance), dispersal and rate of sediment supply
32 Lets move back to Western Europe Images from Zeiglers Shell geological Atlas1990
33 Images from Zeiglers Shell geological Atlas1990
34 Images from Zeiglers Shell geological Atlas1990
35 Images from Zeiglers Shell geological Atlas1990
36 Large-scale controls on sedimentation Tectonic framework determined source (provenance), dispersal and rate of sediment supply Global landmasses position and topography dictated global climate, esp. onset of Carboniferous glaciations
37 Extent of Carboniferous glaciations Crowley and Baum, Geology, 1991
38 Glacio-eustatic cyclicity Bonorino and Eyles, Geology, 1995
39 Onset of Icehouse Earth linked to closure of oceanic gateways? Smith and Pickering, J. Geol. Soc. London, 2003
40 Mii et al., GSAB, 1999
41 Summary NW European, N. American and Irish Carboniferous basinal configuration (and thus sedimentation) controlled by large-scale tectonics, both from Calidonian and Variscan orogenies Tropical, warm-wet climate in Carboniferous Sedimentation also in period with strong glacial influence, both on large scale (Miss.-Penn) and also smaller-scale cyclicity Besides these allocyclic controls, we ll also look at the role of autocyclicity NEXT WEEK: examine this background and application in Western Ireland
Lecture 2: Basin evolution in NW Europe in the Carboniferous: past legacies and plate tectonics. Links to North American geology and global controls
Lecture 2: Basin evolution in NW Europe in the Carboniferous: past legacies and plate tectonics. Links to North American geology and global controls on sedimentation. Aims Examine broad global setting
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