PAPER WORKING IAVWOPSG/7-WP/12 IAVW. International. reports SUMMARY. paragraph 1.1 VAAC 1.2. The remote sensing. TERRA (processed by. 1.

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1 International Civil Aviation Organization IAVWOPSG/7-WP/12 6/12/ /12 WORKING PAPER INTERNATIONAL AIRWAYS VOLCANO WATCH OPERATIONS GROUP (IAVWOPSG)) SEVENTH MEETING Bangkok, Thailand, 18 to 22 March 2013 Agenda Item 5: Operation of the IAVW 5.1: Implementationn of the IAVW, including g the IAVW management reports VAAC BUENOS AIRES MANAGEMENT REPORT (Presented by Argentina) SUMMARY This paper presents the IAVW Management Report for VAAC Buenos Aires for the period August 2011 November Action by the IAVWOPSG is in paragraph INTRODUCTION 1.1 VAAC Buenos Aires is operated by the Servicio Meteorològico Nacional (SMN) of Argentina. It is located at SMN headquarters (Weather Forecasting Dept.) in downtownn Buenos Aires. 1.2 The remote sensing meteorological watch (RSMW) operator on duty makes a continuous check on volcanic ash SIGMET messages, special AIREPS, volcanic observatory reports, METAR, Observatorio Vulcanológico de los Andes del Sur (OVDAS)) webcam volcano images, etc. The operator on duty also performs continuous surveillance on satellite imagery from GOES E (G-13; 1, 2, 4 and 6 bands); METEOSAT 9; NOAA 15/16/17 (processed by thee HRPT station of the SMN) and AQUAA and TERRA (processed by the HRPT station of the SMN and by the Comisión Nacional de Actividades Espaciales (CONAE) space-agency of Argentina) in order to detect/follow up volcanic eruptions. The satellite imagery detection/follow-up is shared with the SMN HRPT station. 1.3 In case a volcanic ash cloud is observed onn satellite images, or informed in AIREPs, special AIREPs, SIGMET messages and/or by vulcanological institutions, the RSMW operator on duty runs (at six-hour intervals or when necessary) the HYbrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) volcanic ash dispersion model to forecast the motion and dispersion of the volcanic ash cloud. 1.4 The corresponding volcanic ash advisory (VAA) messagee is issued and immediately sent to the aeronautical authority s (Administracíónn Nacional dee Aviación Civil (ANAC)) communication facilities for transmission via the aeronautical fixed telecommunication network and ATS message (8 pages) IAVWOPSG.7.WP docx

2 IAVWOPSG/7-WP/ handling system to the meteorological watch offices in charge of producing the volcanic ash SIGMET reports; to area control centres; to air traffic services; and to the NOTAM offices which produce the ASHTAM reports; all located in the VAAC Buenos Aires area of responsibility. The VAA message is also transmitted to the associated VAACs and all others concerned. (It is worth pointing out that the SMN does not have a communication system of its own for transmission purposes.) 1.5 The cycle is discontinued when ash clouds are no longer detected on satellite imagery, when AIREPs, special AIREPs or SIGMET messages stop reporting volcanic ash clouds, and/or when no new volcanic eruptions are reported by vulcanological centres. 2. OPERATIONS OF THE VAAC Issuance of volcanic ash advisories (VAAs) 2.1 During the period August 2011 November 2012, VAAC Buenos Aires issued 959 VAAs for seven volcanoes. 2.2 Cordón del Caulle volcano ranked at the top with a total of 939 VAAs. The months with the most volcanic activity along the Andes mountain range were October 2011 and April 2012 with three volcanoes in eruption each month; many months along the period showed no volcanic activity at all. November 2011 and January 2012 were the months during which the issuance of volcanic advisories reached its peak with a total of 129 VAAs each. 2.3 The quantity of VAAs issued is shown in Appendix A. 2.4 Volcanoes for which VAAs were issued: 1) Villarica : Located at 33, 78º S; 69, 89º W. 2) Cordón del Caulle : Located at 40, 52º S; 72, 20º W. 3) Callaqui : Located at 37, 55º S; 071, 27º W. 4) Copahue : Located at 37, 51º S; 071, 10º W. 5) Tolhuaca : Located at 38, 19º S; 071, 39º W. 6) Planchón de Peteroa : Located at 35, 24º S; 70, 57º W. 7) Hudson : Located at 45, 90º S; 72, 97º W. 3. TESTS 3.1 In order to comply with the GREPECAS (ICAO) regulations, two annual SIGMET WV tests were run during the period July 2011 November 2012, the first in December 2011 and the second in December As usual, both followed the procedures in the Handbook on the International Airways Volcano Watch (IAVW) Operational Procedures and Contact List (Doc 9766).

3 - 3 - IAVWOPSG/7-WP/12 Southern hemisphere ash propagation exercise (SHAPE) 3.2 The eruption of the Chilean volcanic complex Puyehue-Cordón del Caulle in June and July 2011 resulted in an ash cloud that simultaneously affected the four southern hemisphere VAACs (VAAC Buenos Aires, VAAC Toulouse, VAAC Darwin and VAAC Wellington). In addition to the difficulties associated with forecasting this event was the added complexity of coordinating VAAs across the VAAC boundaries. 3.3 In the post-assessment of the event, it was recognized that a VAAC coordination system for information sharing needed to be developed and operationally tested between the four VAACs. The southern hemisphere ash propagation exercise (SHAPE) was enforced as a tool to test communications capabilities among the mentioned VAACs. Planned to be run at the beginning of 2013, its results will be shared at IAVWOPSG/7. 4. RELATION BETWEEN VAAC BUENOS AIRES AND VULCANOLOGICAL/METEOROLOGICAL AGENCIES 4.1 VAAC Buenos Aires keeps continuous contact with the Secretarìa de Minerìa y Geologìa de Argentina (SEGEMAR) and with the Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería de Chile (SERNAGEOMIN). Also, the Chilean real-time volcano monitoring OVDAS provides webcam images of the erupting volcanoes in its surveillance region. 5. RELATION BETWEEN VAAC BUENOS AIRES AND NATIONAL/ PRIVATE ORGANIZATIONS AND USERS INVOLVED 5.1 VAAC Buenos Aires keeps continuous contact in Argentina with the Defense, Environmental and Tourism Ministries; ANAC; the National Regulatory Agency for Airports (ORSNA); Aeropuertos Argentina 2000 (Airports Management Co.); Argentine, Brazilian and Chilean airline operators; and the communication media, among others concerned. 6. CAPACITIES OF VAAC BUENOS AIRES 6.1 Numerical models HYSPLIT model Since 1998, VAAC Buenos Aires has run, on an operational basis, the HYbrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) volcanic ash dispersion model via the web page interface provided by the Air Resources Laboratory (NOAA) at It is based on a numerical meteorological model with renewed model outputs four times per day Since March 2009, a new version of the HYSPLIT volcanic ash dispersion model is run autonomously at the SMN. It is better adapted to the characteristics of the region by using a local version of the ETA meteorological numerical model used at the SMN since The ETA SMN model has also allowed enhancing the grid resolution and provides a better representation of the topography as well. The new HYSPLIT version provides the option of being run using the global forecast system (GFS) NCEP numerical model.

4 IAVWOPSG/7-WP/ FALL 3D model VAAC Buenos Aires capacity was also improved with the installation of the FALL 3D model by Dr. Arnau Folch (Barcelona Supercomputing Center) in joint work with local meteorologists. FALL 3D is an Eulerian dispersion and concentration model for volcanic ash clouds that can be run on global models (GFS) or local mesoscale models (weather research and forecasting (WRF) or ETA). The model allows the study of ash concentration in the atmosphere, of ground load and deposition thickness At the present time, the FALL 3D model is run both on the SMN s ETA and WRF. This model is run at the SMN facilities twice a day, seven days a week. This product is run on an experimental basis (not validated) As said, the dispersion model is also run on the WRF-advanced research (ARW) meteorological model which provides the initial and boundary conditions The experimental results of the FALL 3D run on the WRF local mesoscale model can be found at the Asociación Geológica Argentina site (Costa et al., 2006, Folch et al. 2008, Folch et al. 2011): This research is conducted in the frame of a joint project between the Servicio de Hidrografía Naval (SHN) and the SMN of Argentina known as Aplicaciones de modelos numéricos de última generación, en el ámbito del Servicio Meteorológico Nacional para el pronóstico del tiempo, estudios de vulnerabilidad del medio ambiente e impacto socioeconómico PIDDEF (PROGRAMA DE INVESTIGACIÓN Y DESARROLLO PARA LA DEFENSA) 41/ Also, in collaboration with the Grupo de Recursos Geológicos y geotérmicos del Instituto de Energía No Convencional (INENCO y GEONORTE) from the Universidad Nacional de Salta- CONICET, CONAE and the Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC). This project is known as CYTED- 410-RT392 CENIZAS References Costa, A., G. Macedonio, A. Folch, 2006: A three-dimensional Eulerian model for transport and deposition of volcanic ashes. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 241, Folch A., O. Jorba, J. Viramonte, (2008): Volcanic ash forecast application to the May 2008 Chaiten eruption, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 8, Folch A., S. Osores, G. Pujol, Estela Collini, M. Suaya, (2011): Evaluation of the FALL3D model using WRF-ARW fields for the 2008 Chaitén eruption, EGU 2011, Viena, Austria. 6.2 Products The SMN has renewed the VAAC Buenos Aires section on its Internet web site at to concentrate all general related information (operational and informative) of interest to users, in both English and Spanish languages If required, VAAC Buenos Aires could also make available a public file server/ftp account to satisfy as much as possible the aviation industry s needs for volcanic ash-related information.

5 - 5 - IAVWOPSG/7-WP/ New volcanic ash advisories in graphical format (VAG) header In addition to the five VAA headers (FVAG01 SABM; FVAG02 SABM; FVAG03 SABM; FVAG04 SABM; FVAG05 SABM), the following VAG header for the transmission of volcanic ash information in graphic format was created: PXFD01 SABM. 6.4 Buenos Aires VAAC operational telephone number VAAC Buenos Aires has included the telephone number (54 11) for direct operational use among VAACs. 7. IVATF/4 RECOMMENDATIONS ADDRESSED TO THE IAVWOPSG Recommendation 4/19 That, in the context of the data file format of volcanic ash advisories (including volcanic ash advisories in graphical format), the International Airways Volcano Watch Operations Group (IAVWOPSG) be invited to consider the development of provisions that would enable their availability in extensible mark-up language (XML)/geography mark-up language (GML). Note 1. In time for the IAVWOPSG/7 meeting (March 2013, the Volcanic Ash Advisory Centres (VAACs) are invited to provide an indication of their capability to provide XML/GMLformatted volcanic ash advisories. 7.1 In this regard, the SMN informs that it has successfully performed OPMET messages transmission tests in XML format within South America at the request of the ICAO Lima Regional Office, which could extend to XML formatted volcanic advisory tests in the future, if so recommended. 8. MEETINGS 8.1 During the intersessional period, VAAC Buenos Aires attended the third and fourth International Volcanic Ash Task Force Meetings (IVATF/3 and IVATF/4), as well as the first and second VAAC Best Practices Seminars, all of which were held at ICAO headquarters in Montreal. 9. WORKSHOPS 9.1 VAAC Buenos Aires contributed to the VAAC Inputs and Outputs Modelling Workshop 2012 NCEP, Washington DC, 5 9 November 2012, by submitting a remote delivery presentation on Buenos Aires VAAC Modelling Strategy, Cordón del Caulle Eruption by researcher and model developer Ms. Soledad Osores. Also, a presentation was delivered by Dr. Arnau Folch on behalf of VAAC Buenos Aires at NCEP headquarters (see Appendix B). 10. SUGGESTIONS 10.1 It is suggested the publication of ICAO IAVW information/handbooks be made in the Spanish language in order to contribute to the Spanish speaking VAAC operators better understanding of the operational procedures/techniques.

6 IAVWOPSG/7-WP/ ACTION BY THE IAVWOPSG 11.1 The IAVWOPSG is invited to note the information in this paper.

7 IAVWOPSG/7-WP/12 Appendix A APPENDIX A VOLCANIC ASH ADVISORIES ISSUED BY VAAC BUENOS AIRES DURING THE PERIOD AUGUST 2011 NOVEMBER 2012 YEAR/MONTH VOLCANOS A S O N D E F M A M J J A S O N D TOTAL CALLAQUI 5-5 COPAHUE 2-2 CORDON DEL CAULLE VILLARICA 1-1 TOLHUACA 3-2 PL. PETEROA 1-1 HUDSON TOTAL

8 IAVWOPSG/7-WP/12 Appendix B APPENDIX B BUENOS AIRES VAAC MODELLING STRATEGY Cordón del Caulle eruption Model strategies and operational results at Buenos Aires VAAC National Meteorological Service Argentina Presented by Soledad Osores - CONICET-CONAE-SMN Research and development group Estela A. Collini, SHN-SMN María Soledad Osores, CONICET-CONAE-SMN Arnau Folch, BSC José G. Viramonte, INENCO-CONICET Gustavo Villarosa, INIBIOMA-CONICET Graciela Salmuni, CONAE Leonardo Mingari, SHN-SMN Martina Suaya, SMN Projects and institutions involved Research Project PIDDEF 41/10- Servicio de Hidrografía Naval- Servicio Meteorológico Nacional, Argentina Spanish Research Project ATMOST (CGL ), CYTED thematic network CENIZA (410RT0392), Barcelona, Spain Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain Centro Nacional Patagónico (CENPAT CONICET), Argentina Grupo de Recursos Geológicos y Geotérmicos del Instituto de Energía No Convencional (INENCO y GEONORTE) de la Universidad Nacional de Salta-CONICET, Argentina Instituto de Investigaciones de Diversidad y Medio Ambiente (INIBIOMA, Universidad Nacional del Comahue). Comisión de Actividades Espaciales (CONAE), Argentina END