Mini but Mighty. Why paraonid polychaetes rule. Michael Reuscher 12 December, 2011

Transcription

1 Mini but Mighty Why paraonid polychaetes rule Michael Reuscher 12 December, 2011

2 Polychaetes 3

3 The importance of polychaetes [and paraonids]

4 The importance of polychaetes MACROFAUNA (infauna MACROFAUNA and epifauna) (infauna and epifauna) ISOPODA ISOPODA 4, % 4,101 OSTRACODA 2.5% OSTRACODA 6, % 6,511 BIVALVIA 3.9% BIVALVIA 7, % 7, % TANAIDACEA TANAIDACEA 11, % 11,024 SCYPHOZOA 6.6% SCYPHOZOA 12, % 12, % APLACOPHORA APLACOPHORA 2, % 2, % HARPACTICOIDA HARPACTICOIDA 15, % 15, % NEMERTINI NEMERTINI 1, % 1, % Others Others AMPHIPODA AMPHIPODA 34, % 34, % POLYCHAETA POLYCHAETA 62, % 62, % From Rowe & Kennicutt (2009)

5 The importance of polychaetes Food web

6 Small (2-40 mm) Facts about Paraonidae

7 Facts about Paraonidae Small (2-40 mm) Live in upper few cm of sediment

8 Facts about Paraonidae Small (2-40 mm) Live in upper few cm of sediment High densities (up to 10,000 m -1 )

9 Facts about Paraonidae Small (2-40 mm) Live in upper few cm of sediment High densities (up to 10,000 m -1 ) Motile or semisedentary

10 Facts about Paraonidae Small (2-40 mm) Live in upper few cm of sediment High densities (up to 10,000 m -1 ) Motile or semisedentary Separate sexes

11 Paraonid genera Aricidea (Aricidea, Acmira, Allia, Aedicira) Cirrophorus Paradoneis [Cirrophorus???] Paraonides Levinsenia Paraonis [valid?] Sabidius Aparaonis [not a paraonid]

12 Invalid genera Paraonella [=Paraonides] Tauberia [=Levinsenia] Acesta [=Acmira]

13 General Morphology of Paraonidae P+P= Prostomium + Peristomium NO = Nuchal organ MA = Median antenna NTP = Notopodial lobe NTC = Notochaeta BR= Branchia NRP = Neuropodial lobe NRC = Neurochaeta From Strelzov (1973)

14 Aricidea (sensu lato) From Strelzov (1973) From Aguirrezabalaga & Gil (2009)

15 The genus Aricidea (sensu lato) QuickTime and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. Allia Aricidea Acmira Aedicira Subgenera? Genera?

16 Cirrophorus / Paradoneis From Aguirrezabalaga & Gil (2009)

17 From Aguirrezabalaga & Gil (2009) Levinsenia

18 Paraonides From Katzmann & Laubier (1975)

19 From Gaston (1983) Paraonis

20 Sabidius Prostomium with lobes Characteristic branchiae Everted proboscis Acicular chaetae

21 Useful characters for generic diagnoses Presence of apical sensory organ Presence of antenna Development of notopodial lobes Presence of modified notochaetae Presence and type of modified neurochaetae

22 Useful characters within Aricidea Length and shape of antenna # of pre-branchial segments Development of notopodial lobes (pre-br.) Development of neuropodial lobes Type and # of modified neurochaetae Accessory lobes in different positions # of branchiae First segment with modified neurochaetae

23 Useful characters within Cirrophorus / Paradoneis # of pre-branchial segments Type of modified dorsal chaetae Starting segment of mod.dorsal chaetae Presence of acicular ventral chaetae # of branchiae # of long pre-anal notopodial lobes

24 Useful characters within Levinsenia # of prebranchial segments # of branchiae # of modified neurochaetae First segment of modified neurochaetae

25 Useful characters within Paraonides # of pre-branchial segments # of branchiae # of long pre-anal notopodial lobes Presence of long capillaries

26 Other characters Lower lip Eyes Anal cirri # of rows of chaetae in branchial segments

27 References Aguirrezabalaga, F. & Gil, J. (2009) Scienta Marina 73(4): Gaston, G. (1983) In: Uebelacker, J.M. & Johnson, P.G. (eds.) Taxonomic Guide to the Polychaetes of the Northern Gulf of Mexico. Volume I. Katzmann, W. & Laubier, L. (1975) Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien 79: Rowe, G.T. & Kennicutt II, M.C. (2009) OCS Study MMS pp. Strelzov, V.E. (1973) Polychaete worms of the family Paraonidae Cerruti, pp.

28 Confused? Puzzled? Startled? Ask the worm scientist!!!