Near real-time monitoring of SO 2 and volcanic ash with IASI/Metop

Transcription

1 Near real-time monitoring of SO 2 and volcanic ash with IASI/Metop C. Clerbaux 1,2, L. Clarisse 2, M. George 1, J. Hadji-Lazaro 1, D. Hurtmans 2, P.-F. Coheur 2 1) LATMOS, Université Paris 6, CNRS/IPSL, Paris, France 2) Service de Chimie Quantique et de Photophysique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium

2 1/ Meteorology 2/ Climate/Atmospheric chemistry 3/ Operational applications Aims of the IASI mission

3 Detection of volcanic plumes Ash Particles: Ash and ice and H 2 SO W a v e n u m b e r ( c m -1 )

4 SO 2 retrieval from IASI spectra Assume an atmosphere with a SO 2 cloud present at a given altitude; Selected channels and look-up table; The accuracy depends knowledge of the plume altitude >> About 4 orders of magnitude 0.5 DU to 5000 DU 3% uncertainty for DU 6% for DU for assumed altitudes above 500 hpa Clarisse et al, AMT, 2012

5 SO 2 IASI flag alert Operational alert systems: Identification and tracking of volcanic plumes Provides alerts from BT differences in SO2-3 on BUFR basis (also system) Useful for eruptions with emissions above the boundary layer Sarythchev eruption from June 2009 Location > Value > K #Points > 86 File > iasi_ _105953_metopa_13749_eps_o.l1_bufr Link: > List=SO2_iasi_ _105953_metopa_13749_eps_o.png Implemented at Toulouse + London VAACs Since beginning 2008, not a single false alert

6 Grimsvotn Eyjafjallajokull 4 years timeseries of IASI SO 2 Redoubt Okmok Kasatochi Popocatepetl Sangay Souffriere Hills Etna Nabro Dalafilla Nyamuragira Merapi Kirishima Kliuchevskoi Shiveluch Koryaksky Kizimen Chaiten Llaima Puyuhue Courtesy L.Clarisse

7 Du SO 2 aux cendres

8 January February March April May July August September October November December June

9 Ashes retrieval from IASI spectra Correlation method: using a fixed database of example spectra Clarisse et al, GRL, 2010

10 Grimsvötn May May SO 2 ASH Clerbaux et al., 2011

11 Grimsvotn > 0.5Tg Puyehue > 0.3Tg Nabro > 1.5Tg Basalt ash Rhyolitic ash Ice particles

12 Day Day

13

14 C.Clerbaux, P.-F. Coheur, L. Clarisse, J. Hadji-Lazaro, D. Hurtmans, S. Turquety, K. Bowman, H. Worden, and S. A. Carn, Measurements of SO2 profiles in volcanic plumes from the NASA Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES), Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L22807, doi: /2008gl035566, L. Clarisse, P.-F. Coheur, A.J. Prata, D. Hurtmans, A. Razavi, T. Phulpin, J. Hadji-Lazaro, and C. Clerbaux, Tracking and quantifying volcanic SO2 with IASI, the September 2007 eruption at Jebel at Tair, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, , M. Rix, P. Valks, N. Hao, D. Loyola, W. Zimmer, S. Emmadi, T. Erbertseder, J. van Geffen, L. Clarisse, C. Clerbaux, and P.- F. Coheur, Satellite monitoring of volcanic sulfur dioxide emissions for early warning of volcanic hazards, IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing (JSTARS), 2(3), , /JSTARS , F. Karagulian, L. Clarisse, C. Clerbaux, A. J. Prata, D. Hurtmans, and P. F. Coheur, Detection of volcanic SO2, ash, and H2SO4 using the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI), J. Geophys. Res., 115, D00L02, doi: /2009jd012786, R. Campion, G. Giovanni Salerno, P.-F. Coheur, D. Hurtmans, L. Clarisse, K. Kazahaya, M. Burton, T. Caltabiano, C. Clerbaux, A. Bernard, Measuring volcanic degassing of SO2 in the lower troposphere with ASTER band ratios, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 194, 1-3, 42-54, doi: /j.jvolgeores , L. Clarisse, F. Prata, J. Lacour, D. Hurtmans, C. Clerbaux, and P. F. Coheur, A correlation method for volcanic ash detection using hyperspectral infrared measurements, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L19806, doi: /2010gl044828, J. M. Haywood,, A. Jones, L. Clarisse, A. Bourassa, J. Barnes, P. Telford, N. Bellouin, O. Boucher, P. Agnew, C. Clerbaux, P. Coheur, D. Degenstein, and P. Braesicke, Observations of the eruption of the Sarychev volcano and simulations using the HadGEM2 climate model, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D21212, doi: /2010jd014447, L. Clarisse, P.-F. Coheur, S. Chefdeville, J.-L. Lacour, D. Hurtmans, and C. Clerbaux, Infrared satellite observations of hydrogen sulfide in the volcanic plume of the August 2008 Kasatochi eruption, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L10804, doi: /2011gl047402, C. Clerbaux, George M., Hadji-Lazaro J., Clarisse L., Hurtmans D. et Coheur P., Mesure du SO2 et des cendres volcaniques avec IASI, La Météorologie, 74, août 2011, L. Clarisse, Hurtmans, D., Clerbaux, C., Hadji-Lazaro, J., Ngadi, Y., and Coheur, P.-F.: Retrieval of sulphur dioxide from the infrared atmospheric sounding interferometer (IASI), Atmos. Meas. Tech., 5, , doi: /amt , 2012.