QUATERNARY SCIENCES Vol. 24, No. 4

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1 QUATERNARY SCIENCES Vol. 24, No. 4 J uly, (2004) (, ;, ) 1 2, aB. P.,,,, P , P46, P941 A 1,,, -,, ( ENSO), -,,, -, 2, [1 4 ],,, aB. P aB. P aB. P ab. P. [1 ] ; 5 000aB. P.,3 000aB. P.,2 000aB. P. 500aB. P. [3 ],, aB. P., 2 300aB. P., [5 ] ; aB. P.,3 000aB. P.,1000A. D. [6 ] [7 ] (CΠN),, aB. P. ; aB. P. 3 : 48 E2mail edu. cn ( : ) ,

2 ,2 700aB. P., [7 ], 3 800aB. P.,,, 2, 5 800aB. P., 1. 5 [8 ] -,, Cariaco ( 1) [9 ], Ti ( aB. P. ),, 2 700aB. P.,,, 2 700aB. P., 2 700aB. P., [10 ], [6 ],, -, a (a) ( ) (b) [7 ] Cariaco ODP 1002 Ti (c) [9 ] Fig. 1 The CΠN ratio (a) and content of illite (b) from sediment of the Shuangchi Maar and comparison with Ti content of sediment from ODP Site 1002 in Venezuela (c)

3 4 : ,,, aB. P., [11 17 ] [12 ] aB. P. [11 ] ; 5 130aB. P. ; 5 500aB. P. [13 ] 1984,, [14], 1 000, [17 ],, 4 200aB. P., ( ), 6 000aB. P. [12 ] ( 1) 100m, 1, [15 ] Table 1 The principal shell mound relics, their ages and shell species in the coastal area of Fujian ΠaB. P. Πm Πcm aB. P.,,, 6 000aB. P.,,,,, 20m,,,,, [18 ], aB. P.,,, a B. P aB. P., aB. P., 3 000aB. P.,,?,,, [15 ],

4 , : (1) aB. P. -,, - (2), aB. P. [18 ], aB. P.,,,, (3), aB. P., 1 000,, [19], 3 000aB. P.,, 3 000, aB. P. [20],, 3 000aB. P.,, [21 ],,, 5, [22 ], aB. P.,, ZK2 SX97 [23 ] HK5 [20 ] A1 [19 ] HP21, 3 000aB. P., ( ), ( ) ( 2), aB. P., ( aB. P. ), [24 ] 2 200aB. P.,, 1 000, 3 000aB. P. [25 ], [26 ], ,,, ( aB. P. ) ( aB. P. ), [27 ] [26 ] 5 000aB. P., 3, 3 000aB. P.,, aB. P.,

5 4 : (a) ZK22 [23 ] (b) SX97 [23 ] (c) HP21 Fig. 2 Variation of pollen percent during Late Holocene in coastal area of the South China 3 ( %) Fig. 3 Pollen diagram of the archaeological profile in Saikung, Hongkong ; 1 000aB. P.,,,, ;,

6 ( 3),, [28,29 ], ( ),,, 800aB. P. ( ),,, ( References) 1,.. :,..,, Wang Sumin, Wang Fubao. Holocene climate changes reconstructed from lake cores. In : Shi Yafeng, Kong Zhaochen eds. The Climates and Environments of Holocene Megathermal in China. Beijing : China Ocean Press, ,,.., 1999, 14 (3) : Wen Xiaosheng, Peng Zicheng, Zhao Huanting. Advance in study on the Holocene climate evolution in China. Advance in Earth Sciences, 1999, 14(3) : ,.., 2000, 10(4) : Wang Shaowu, Gong Daoyi. Chinese temperature in some characteristic periods of Holocene. Progress in Natural Sciences, 2000, 10 ( 4 ) : ,,.., 2002,22(4) : Zhang Weiqiang, Huang Zhenguo, Jiang Luming. The cooling fluctuation events during Holocene in tropical China. Tropical Geography, 2002,22 (4) : ,,.., 1997, 19(2) : Luo Jianyu, Chen Zhendong, Chen Yancheng. The palaeoclimatic records between the Inner Mongolia salt lake and Taiwan lakes sediments. Geology of Chemical Minerals, 1997, 19(2) : , Thompson L G. 5ka. (B ), 1992, 10 : Yao Tandong, Thompson L G. Temperature changes of the past 5ka from Dunde Ice2core record. Science in China ( Series B), 1992, 10 : ,,..,2003, 48(3) : Zheng Zhuo, Wang Jianhua, Wang Bin et al. High2resolution records of Holocene from the Shuangchi Maar Lake in Hainan Island. Science Bulletin, 2003, 48 (5) : Chinese 8 Jonathan Overpeck, Robert Webb. Nonglacial rapid climate events : Past and future. PNAS ( Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA), 2000, 97 ( 4) : Haug G H, Hughen KA, Sigman D M et al. Southward migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone through the Holocene. Science, 2001, 293 : ,, ,1997, 17 (2) : Tong Guobang, Shi Ying, Wu Ruijin et al. Vegetation and climatic quantitative reconstruction of Longgan Lake since the past years. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 1997, 17 (2) : ,1986, (1 2) :63 82 Yang Shiting. Discussion on Neolithic culture of Guangdong and the relative problems. Chinese Pre2historical Study, 1986, (1 2) : , 1999, (10) : Yang Shiting. Fifty years of archaeological research in Guangdong. Science Research, 1999, (10) : , 1998, (3) : Kuang Guirong. Sand hill and shell mound relics in the Zhujiang Delta. Literature and History of Lingnan, 1998, (3) : ,.., 1995, (1) : Li Yan, Zhao Shande. Practice and thought from the archaeological research on shell mound relics in Zhujiang Delta. Relics from South, 1995, (1) : ( ), 1998, (3) : Cai Baoquan. Living environment and resource development of the ancients according to the shell mound relics in the Fujian coast2line areas. Journal of Xiamen University ( Philosophy and Social Sciences), 1998, (3) : , 1997, 50 (4) : Jiang Tingyu. Investigation and research of the shell mound relics in Guangxi. Study of Nationalities in Guangxi,1997, 50 (4) : , 1999, (2) : Xiao Yiting, The manufacturing and living of the ancients surounding the Zhujiang River Mouth according to the study of Baojingwan relics. Relics from South, 1999, (2) : , 1996,51(6) : Huang Guangqing. Neolithic culture and paleogeographic environment in the Zhujiang Delta. Acta Geographica Sinica, 1996,51(6) : ,,.. :. (1). :, Zheng Zhuo, Tan Huizhong, Zhang Zhenhong et al. Study on human disturbance to the vegetation since 6kaB. P. in the coastal areas of

7 4 : Lingnan. In : Zhang Zhenhong ed. Lingnan Archaeological Paper Colletion (1). Guangzhou :Lingnan Arts Publishing House, ,,..,2001,21 (3) : Li Pingri, Cui Haiting, Tan Huizhong et al. A study on Holocene buried timbers in Guangdong. Tropical Geography, 2001,21(3) : ,,.., 2001, 20(2) : Zhu Yan, Chen Fahu, Zhang Jiawu et al. A discussion on the effects of deteriorated environment event on the Neolithic Culture of China,around 5 000aB. P. Progress in Geography, 2001, 20(2) : , 2000, 17 (2) : Zheng Zhuo. Late Quaternary vegetational and climatic changes in the tropical and subtropical areas of China. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 2000, 17(2) : ,..,1999,19 (2) : Zhang Yulan, Yu Suhua. Palynological assemblages of Late Quaternary from the Shenzhen region and its paleoenvironment evolution. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 1999,19 (2) : , 1994, 14(1) : 1 8 Weng Qihao. The relationship between the environmental change of the Zhujiang River Delta in the Holocene and its cultural origins and propagation. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 1994,14(1) : :, Situ Shangji. The Land Use History in Hainan Island. Haikou : Hainan Press, , Chang William YB, ,1996,35(2) : Xu Xuemin, Chang William YB, Liu Jinling. Changes in vegetation and climate in the Taihu Lake basin during the last years. Palaeontologica Sinica, 1996,35(2) : Acta 27.., 1996,15(3) : Zhang Xuqiu. Origin and development of rice cultivation of pre2history in Changjiang River regions. Chinese Agriculture History, 1996, 15 ( 3) : ,.. :, Zhao Wenlin, Xie Shujun. Chinese Population History. Beijing : People s Press, ,.. ( ), 1997, (5) : Li Chuanyong, Li Tian. The migration of population in Chinese history. Journal of Sichuan Teachers College ( Philosophy and Social Sciences), 1997, (5) : HOLOCENE ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES IN THE TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL AREAS OF THE SOUTH CHINA AND THE RELATION TO HUMAN ACTIVITIES Zheng Zhuo Deng Yun Zhang Hua Yu Rongchun Chen Zhixin ( Department of Earth Sciences, Sun Yat2Sen University, Guangzhou ; Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, Guangzhou ) Abstract The mean annual temperature in the thermal maximum of Holocene in the South China was about 1 2 higher than that of the present day. Many investigations showed that a distinct climatic change occurred in coastal areas of the South China at 4 3kaB. P. The distinct character of this change are the decrease in temperature, increase in seasonality and stronger rainstorm in summer. Comparing with the high resolution result from the Cariaco Basin in northern Venezuela, the simultaneity of the climatic change in the two opposite tropical coasts of the Pacific Ocean indicates that the this event might be related to the increase in ENSO variability. The present paper analysed additionally the human impact on vegetation since the Neolithic age, discussed the rise and fall of the fishing2hunting culture and probed into the history of agricultural development and the disturbance of ecosystem. Key words coastal areas of South China, Holocene, climatic change, human impact

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