With examples from URSPIC and SINGOCOM

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1 Work in Progress: please do not quote or distribute without permission. Operationalising holism in social exclusion and innovation analysis. With examples from URSPIC and SINGOCOM Frank Moulaert

2 Outline The links between collective action and analysis Comparative case-study analysis The role of theory The preference for holistic theory From holistic theory to empirical analysis The role of qualitative and quantitative data Example: URSPIC (SINGOCOM) ALMOLIN as a holistic pattern model References

3 The links between collective action and analysis Collective action: rational, leadership, programmes, agencies, social dynamics, movements, policy, Analysis: as design of collective action, as problem solving, as method to reveal needs and preferences, as norm setting process, No collective action without analysis? Research as problem solving (research as design) The role of experience, contextualization and comparison, part-whole relationships (echoing holism) The role of feedback relationships with experience, policy and planning (echoing pragmatism)

4 Comparative case-study analysis in planning Why comparing cases? Commonalities and diversities, context matters, similarities among diversity Guaranteeing comparability: Planning and policy oriented research questions Selection of research themes Mobilizing concepts General explanations, specific features

5 The role of theory Which theory? Positivism and theory Structuralism and theory Structural agency and theory Holistic theory: between theory, empirical analysis and action research

6 The preference for holistic theory - The production of holistic knowledge Systems, subsystems (parts) Analytical theme (generalization) Theme 1 in part A; theme 1 in other parts Theme 2, connected to 1, Linkages, interconnectedness: theme-wise, partwise, (figures 1 and 2) Validated themes and linkages: a pattern, pattern model (holistic theory) Improve the pattern model Identify universals General theory Role of pragmatism: planning and policy actions as themes

7 Holism and pragmatism Ethics of pragmatism Pragmatism and collective action Social holism Collective action and public policy making in holistic analysis Feedback links from praxis to theorymaking

8 The role of qualitative and quantitative data Qualitative Themes Attributes Theory-instructed: role of culture, place, institutions, Ethics and action History and place dependent Type of planning, action, Quantitative Measurements of quantities Ranking of qualities Quantifying nominal scores Role of multivariariate analysis Time-space analysis

9 An example: URSPIC URSPIC - Urban Restructuring and Social Polarization in the City - Theory - Research themes - Details - From monographs to transversal analysis - Theme 1: social housing stock - Subsystems, Parts: neighbourhoods - - Theory: housing as a reproduction system - Role of planning - linking to Theme 2 - Structured stories - Lessons for governance and planning

10 An example: Integrated Area Development Theory instructed story telling of neighbourhood development What did urban planning and policy (or their absence) do to neighbourhood development? Production and reproduction of neighbourhoods Links with urban regimes (Antwerp) Planning as an embedded collective practice

11 ALMOLIN as a holistic pattern model Figure 2 Dynamics of social exclusion/inclusion and social innovation Time/ Chronolog Constraints on development Š Relations with outside world Territorial Specificity Spatial Scales P A T H Social exclusion dynamics: Labour markets, real estate markets, migration and commuting processes, schooling system (see URSPIC website; URSPIC on Google) Deprivation of human needs: food, clothing, shelter, education and culture, participation in social and political relations Visions of social innovation D E P E N D E N C Y Resources: human, organizational, financial Social economy initiatives Organizational and institutional dynamics Culture and Identity building Social inclusion dynamics: list as previous PLUS focussed public and private strategies Social innovation: - turning exclusion mechanisms - favouring inclusion strategies: institutional innovation, human needs satifaction - social progress movements, empowerment

12 References Ramstad, Y. (1986) A pragmatist s quest for holistic knowledge: the scientific methodology of John R. Commons. Journal of Economic Issues, 20,4: URSPIC and SINGOCOM websites Moulaert F. et al. (2000, 2002, 2003) Oxford University Press. Moulaert, F. and J. Nussbaumer (2005) Defining the Social Economy at the Neighbourhood Level: a Methodological Reflection, Urban Studies, 42 (11):

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