Understanding the Spatial Effects of High Speed Rail

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1 Transport and Spatial Planning Transport Planning Society and RTPI 23 November 2015 Finsbury Square, London Understanding the Spatial Effects of High Speed Rail Professor John Worthington Commissioner, Independent Transport Commission The Academy of Urbanism

2 ITC Review of Spatial Effect of High Speed Rail Call for Evidence Two Key Questions Will the cities served by HSR become subservient centres to London or be enriched in their own right? How will HSR impact on the economic and social life of the cities it serves? Reframing the Question London Mega City competing at a global scale Regions not competing with London Supporting London and in turn supported by London to compete in Europe and niche global markets Thirty Six Responses Places and Themes A Catalyst for Local Vision and National Strategy Impact will depend in each region embracing the opportunities and collaboratively establishing a vision for its own future

3 Learning from Past Experience From Why to the What and the How Lille Symposium, February Cities, 27 Places, 230 Active Participants 14 Cities, 27 Places, 230 Active Participants A journey as much about the Process as the Product

4 Independent Transport Commission Recurring themes Governance and Leadership Strong leadership, shared vision and the ability to raise and retain revenue locally Accessibility and connectivity Seamless connectivity between various modes of use and movement Identity of Place Investment in infrastructure will not realise its full value unless it is serving a place that has vitality where people wish to visit and stay Working Together Public, private and civil society in partnership with shared objective 14 Cities, 14 Cities, 27 Places, 27 Places, Active Active Participants Participants

5 London in a European Perspective Integration of rail infrastructure and urban regeneration 3 Million 15 Million 20 Million 20 Million 12 Million Add key Rebalancing Britain new opportunity for Britain's second cities

6 Key Themes CAPACITY "Sufficient slack to allow for change and unforeseen opportunities" CONNECTIVITY "Contiguous connection between levels and modes of movement" CONTINUITY "To allow a flow through and between spaces, facilitating a network of diverse opportunities CONVENIENCE To provide available and accessible services at the appropriate price, comfort and quality"

7 Key Themes COMMITMENT "To a programme spanning over a generation and several economic and political cycles" COLLABORATION "To work across disciplines, boundaries and interests, to collaborate to then compete in bigger markets" COMMUNICATION "To raise awareness, change perceptions and provide the basis for open and continuous dialogue resulting in lasting relationships" CONTROL "Managing the process of delivery through a combination of regulatory controls and co-operative production"

8 Governance and Leadership Strong Identity to Unify Interests Regeneration Plan EuraLille, France OMA, 1994

9 Integrated Transport: The Station an Icon to Support a City Vision Open access station an extension to the city Antwerp Central Station, Belgium From terminus to through station

10 Identity of Place Rotterdam Central District (RCD), Netherlands Station as the gateway to the "City Lounge"

11 Integrating the City as Master Developer Catalyst to raise real estate values and trigger wider regeneration Integrate modes of transport and integrate the station with the city

12 Working Together Greater Bordeaux starting with local connectivity 2018 High Speed Rail Collaborative regeneration communication as an initiator and driver of change

13 Bordeaux Euratlantique: Think Wider than the Project City is the Master Developer Station defines the quality Transport as the generator Fifteen year programme Exemplar projects new and old Regeneration Plan

14 Continuous Planning and Production Develop a strategic framework that is adaptable and can respond to incremental change Utrecht Central Station, Netherlands Incremental development Restore, Connect and Give Meaning

15 Enable Partnership Working and Shared Objectives Central Station Utrecht Restore, connect and give meaning From blueprint to continuous incremental development

16 Use the Station to Symbolise the Ambition of the City Station an Icon of ambition for the region Liege, Belgium Integrates all modes and levels of transport

17 Looking Forward: An Ongoing Process How can each city use HS2 to establish their long term aspirations? FOSTER COLLABORATION Central Government Establish the infrastructure for cities and their citizens to thrive Give guidance to steer, enable and regulate Provide certainty Cities and their Regions Provide long term vision and leadership Support the success of their citizens Develop the vision which reflects a common ambition Providers and Agents for Delivery Deliver long term opportunities for success Use resources in an effective and timely manner Inclusive Civil Society and the Citizen Support and contribute to the ambitions of the city Be Pro-active and responsible "Planning is a permissive environment but many see its function to constrain" Professor Peter Bishop University College London

18 Applying the Experience: Key Characteristics Take a long-term perspective invest early to achieve greater benefits later Centre to centre: serve areas of maximum agglomeration Continuity of flow: stations as termini and through-ways Seamless connections between modes and levels of movement Loose-fit for future adaptation Layered decisions: sequenced and phased Design stations as destinations and gateways On Going process Creating the Foundations now for Success later Open, Organic, Permeable, Inclusive

19 The City as Master Developer City: City Hall + The Citizens Master Developer Supporting creativity, innovation and sustainable economic process Devolution Direct control, local accountability City and state can provide confidence, commitment, and facilitate change through dialogue and fostering Collaboration and Co-operation 14 Cities, 14 Cities, 27 Places, 27 Places, Active Active Participants Participants

20 Rethink the Model for Developing the City Understand and accept risk Be prepared to fail early to succeed sooner Share understanding Recognise the value of collaborative working Create a proactive, responsible culture Increase awareness by changing perceptions Focus on place Embrace upside-down thinking