Intro to GIS! Maptime September 2017

Transcription

1 Intro to GIS! Maptime September 2017

2 What we re about: Teaching and Learning Together Free and Open Source Geo Fun and Networking

3 Follow us: Meetup: meetup.com/maptimesea Website: maptimesea.github.io

4 Let us know if you want to: Learn something Teach something Sponsor us somehow

5 Workshop Objectives Intro to Maps, GIS, and more! Learn basics of how to import, visualize, and manipulate vector data to achieve your analysis goals Go through a workflow together

6 Workshop Timeline Individual Exercises Intro to GIS 45 mins 30 mins Workshop Exercise Cities in Eclipse Path 45 mins

7 Let s Talk About Maps

8 Maps are Useful

9 Maps are Cool

10 Maps are Beautiful

11 Maps Tell a Story

12 Maps Tell a Story

13 Maps Tell a Story

14 We Use Maps All The Time

15 Maps Have Been Around a While

16 Mapping for Problem Solving

17 Hasn t Everything Already Been Mapped?

18 Hasn t Everything Already Been Mapped? Not possible

19 Let s Make a Distinction Base maps - used for reference Thematic maps - have a theme

20 Base Maps

21 Base Maps OpenStreetMap + Contributors

22 Base Maps

23 Base Maps Changes in landscapes and infrastructure

24 Base Maps Changes in landscapes and infrastructure Different colors

25 Base Maps Changes in landscapes and infrastructure Different colors Different scales

26 Base Maps Changes in landscapes and infrastructure Different colors Different scales Different features

27 Thematic Maps A map with a theme

28 Thematic Maps A map with a theme The theme is there, but would not be seen from above

29 Thematic Maps

30 Thematic Maps

31 Thematic Maps Infinite themes to be mapped and spatial questions to ask

32 Thematic Maps Infinite themes to be mapped and spatial questions to ask We make maps with GIS

33 Non-Earth Maps

34 Non-Earth Maps

35 Non-Earth Maps

36 Non-Earth Maps

37 What is GIS?

38 What is GIS? A system that allows you to visualize, question, analyze, and interpret data to understand spatial relationships, patterns, and trends.

39 What is GIS? A system that allows you to visualize, question, analyze, and interpret data to understand spatial relationships, patterns, and trends. GIS is widely used in organizations of all sizes and in almost every industry.

40 What is GIS? A system that allows you to visualize, question, analyze, and interpret data to understand spatial relationships, patterns, and trends. GIS is widely used in organizations of all sizes and in almost every industry. A mix of data, science, analysis, and maps.

41 We Use GIS to Answer Where Questions

42 We Use GIS to Answer Where Questions Where is the zoo and how do we get there?

43 We Use GIS to Answer Where Questions Where is the zoo and how do we get there? Where are traffic conditions best right now?

44 We Use GIS to Answer Where Questions Where is the zoo and how do we get there? Where are traffic conditions best right now? Where will I be able to go to see the solar eclipse?

45 We Use GIS to Answer Where Questions Where Where Where Where is the zoo and how do we get there? are traffic conditions best right now? will I be able to go to see the solar eclipse? should we build a store/wind turbine/solar panel?

46 We Use GIS to Answer Where Questions Where is the zoo and how do we get there? Where are traffic conditions best right now? Where will I be able to go to see the solar eclipse? Where should we build a store/wind turbine/solar panel? Where would nitrogen and phosphorous runoff be affected if there are changes in infrastructure?

47 We Use GIS to Answer Where Questions Where is the zoo and how do we get there? Where are traffic conditions best right now? Where will I be able to go to see the solar eclipse? Where should we build a store/wind turbine/solar panel? Where would nitrogen and phosphorous runoff be affected if there are changes in infrastructure? Where will the hurricane hit and what cities will be impacted?

48 We Use GIS to Answer Where Questions Where is the zoo and how do we get there? Where are traffic conditions best right now? Where will I be able to go to see the solar eclipse? Where should we build a store/wind turbine/solar panel? Where would nitrogen and phosphorous runoff be affected if there are changes in infrastructure? Where will the hurricane hit and what cities will be impacted? Where should we place advertisements so that people see them who are most likely to buy our product?

49 We Use GIS to Answer Where Questions Where is the zoo and how do we get there? Where are traffic conditions best right now? Where will I be able to go to see the solar eclipse? Where should we build a store/wind turbine/solar panel? Where would nitrogen and phosphorous runoff be affected if there are changes in infrastructure? Where will the hurricane hit and what cities will be impacted? Where should we place advertisements so that people see them who are most likely to buy our product?...

50 What Makes Up a GIS? G I S

51 What Makes Up a GIS? Geographic Information System

52 What Makes Up a GIS? Geographic - Spatial Information System

53 What Makes Up a GIS? Geographic - Spatial Information - Attributes System

54 What Makes Up a GIS? Geographic - Spatial Information - Attributes System - All the moving parts

55 What Makes Up a GIS? Geographic - Spatial Information - Attributes System - All the moving parts A system that allows you to store, process, and visualize information with a spatial component.

56 What Makes Up a GIS? People Methods Data Software Hardware cept-for-business-analysis-geographic-information--stock-vector.jpg

57 5. People Users and creators of the GIS Asking questions Designing methods Making maps Sharing/Deploying maps and mapping applications

58 4. Analysis/Methods Buffer Clip Transform

59 3. Data Files/Database Spatial characteristics Multiple sources

60 2. Software Operating System Mapping application

61 1. Hardware Computers/Servers Scanner Plotter GPS unit

62 Maps The way we display GIS data

63 The Web More and more web mapping apps Primarily how GIS data and maps are distributed

64 What Makes GIS Data Different? Things to Consider

65 Vector/Raster Vector - discrete entities: points, lines, and polygons Raster - images consisting of regularly sized and spaced cells where every cell has a value

66 Vector ncept-for-business-analysis-geographic-information--stock-vector.jpg

67 Vector Esri State Data

68 Raster Digital Elevation Model One elevation value per cell

69 Raster National Landcover Database One land cover designation per cell

70 Raster

71 Aerial Imagery

72 Data Acquisition Not all data exists May be costly or difficult Lots of data is available

73 Common Data Sources Government Census Crowd sourced

74 Data Quality Know your source Trust your source Cite your source

75 Scale How many inches represent 1 mile? How much information do you show? At what scales?

76 Remember Base Maps 1:7,500,000 1:15,000 OpenStreetMap + Contributors

77 Data Collection and GPS

78 The Earth is Not Flat

79 Geoid

80 Ellipsoid

81 Projections

82 The Mercator Projection Straight lines across oceans made for sea navigation Used in web maps Distorted at the poles

83 The Gall-Peters Projection Equal area In the news for being less Eurocentric than the Mercator projection

84 The Robinson Projection Compromise between shape and size

85 The Polar Stereographic Projection Only the center is true to scale

86 Coordinate Systems How we define a location Geographic/Unprojected Projected svg.png 513/1000w/coordinate_systems.jpg

87 Geographic/Unprojected Coordinate System Latitude, Longitude Seattle, WA N, W g/document/earthlatlong.gif

88 The Universal Transverse Mercator Coordinate System Separated into 60 zones Uses a transverse mercator projection

89 The State Plane Coordinate System Optimized for states and zones Projections vary

90 Maps are Models And all models are wrong Depending on the projection: Sizes are not consistent Lines are not straight lines But you can make your maps less wrong Even a very good model is a simplification

91 This is Not How the World Looks

92 Maps Can Be Used to Mislead

93 Maps Can Be Used to Mislead How to Lie with Maps

94 Maps Can Be Used to Mislead Choice of colors, color classifications, data, and aggregation units can make maps tell different stories

95 Use GIS Understand our world Answer spatial questions Make beautiful visualizations

96 Let s Use GIS to Find Out... Which cities in Oregon experienced the totality of the eclipse on August 21, 2017?

97 Exercise Time

98 To Do: Get acquainted with QGIS, a free and open source mapping application! Locate GIS Data for US Cities and the eclipse path Load the data into QGIS Clip the cities to the eclipse path Make a pleasing and informative map

99 To Do: Get the data Data Sources: Eclipse Path Nasa Cities USGS via data.gov State Boundaries Esri Stamen Base Maps

100 Want More? Take your pic of these tutorials:

101 To Sum Up...

102 To Sum Up... Maps are great visualizations

103 To Sum Up... Maps are great visualizations There s a lot that goes into GIS

104 To Sum Up... Maps are great visualizations There s a lot that goes into GIS Spatial data is different

105 To Sum Up... Maps are great visualizations There s a lot that goes into GIS Spatial data is different Think critically when using maps

106 To Sum Up... Maps are great visualizations There s a lot that goes into GIS Spatial data is different Think critically when using maps Use GIS to solve problems and make maps!

107 Questions?

108 Contact me: Website: christyheaton.github.io

109 Upcoming Events: September 14: Mappy Hour October: QGIS November: Vector Tiles December: Hand Drawn Maps